全文获取类型
收费全文 | 157128篇 |
免费 | 14431篇 |
国内免费 | 7419篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 10459篇 |
技术理论 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 10262篇 |
化学工业 | 25503篇 |
金属工艺 | 8455篇 |
机械仪表 | 9676篇 |
建筑科学 | 12399篇 |
矿业工程 | 4692篇 |
能源动力 | 4433篇 |
轻工业 | 10090篇 |
水利工程 | 2984篇 |
石油天然气 | 8424篇 |
武器工业 | 1325篇 |
无线电 | 19718篇 |
一般工业技术 | 19175篇 |
冶金工业 | 7624篇 |
原子能技术 | 1675篇 |
自动化技术 | 22073篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 797篇 |
2023年 | 2962篇 |
2022年 | 5286篇 |
2021年 | 7258篇 |
2020年 | 5278篇 |
2019年 | 4250篇 |
2018年 | 4682篇 |
2017年 | 5267篇 |
2016年 | 4606篇 |
2015年 | 6167篇 |
2014年 | 7634篇 |
2013年 | 9367篇 |
2012年 | 10139篇 |
2011年 | 10868篇 |
2010年 | 9431篇 |
2009年 | 9135篇 |
2008年 | 9048篇 |
2007年 | 8352篇 |
2006年 | 8341篇 |
2005年 | 7433篇 |
2004年 | 4965篇 |
2003年 | 4170篇 |
2002年 | 3728篇 |
2001年 | 3509篇 |
2000年 | 3531篇 |
1999年 | 3955篇 |
1998年 | 3281篇 |
1997年 | 2863篇 |
1996年 | 2578篇 |
1995年 | 2147篇 |
1994年 | 1745篇 |
1993年 | 1337篇 |
1992年 | 1061篇 |
1991年 | 813篇 |
1990年 | 653篇 |
1989年 | 536篇 |
1988年 | 421篇 |
1987年 | 317篇 |
1986年 | 235篇 |
1985年 | 187篇 |
1984年 | 116篇 |
1983年 | 83篇 |
1982年 | 95篇 |
1981年 | 63篇 |
1980年 | 57篇 |
1979年 | 43篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 26篇 |
1976年 | 40篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
为推进病历数字化发展,并确保其信息的安全性,将以HIS电子病历系统为基础,采用安信数字签名技术和PKI或PMI系统搭建相信并加以任用的授权服务,经过针对实际的PKC和CA的确认、委托与管控构建整体的数字签名平台,完成电子病历数字签名功能设计,以加强电子文件的完整性、真实性和不可抵赖性。最后以某医院的XML结构化的电子病历系统为基础进行项目实施,完成了医护人员通过HIS的快速身份认证,和准确地数字签名。 相似文献
12.
Zhang Qi Wang Yujing Zhang Xueling Song Jun Li Yinlei Wu Xuehong Yuan Kunjie 《Journal of Materials Science》2022,57(14):7208-7224
Journal of Materials Science - Form-stable composite phase change materials (C-PCMs) prepared by microencapsulation method and porous matrix adsorption method need for compression molding after... 相似文献
13.
Pu Mao Jiping Wang Peng Xiao Lixue Zhang Fang Kang Hao Gong 《Ceramics International》2021,47(1):111-120
In this work, we developed a novel system of isovalent Zr4+ and donor Nb5+ co-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics to enhance dielectric response. The influences of Zr4+ and Nb5+ co-substituting on the colossal dielectric response and relaxation behavior of the CCTO ceramics fabricated by a conventional solid-phase synthesis method were investigated methodically. Co-doping of Zr4+ and Nb5+ ions leads to a significant reduction in grain size for the CCTO ceramics sintered at 1060 °C for 10 h. XRD and Raman results of the CaCu3Ti3.8-xZrxNb0.2O12 (CCTZNO) ceramics show a cubic perovskite structure with space group Im-3. The first principle calculation result exhibits a better thermodynamic stability of the CCTO structure co-doped with Zr4+ and Nb5+ ions than that of single-doped with Zr4+ or Nb5+ ion. Interestingly, the CCTZNO ceramics exhibit greatly improved dielectric constant (~105) at a frequency range of 102–105 Hz and at a temperature range of 20–210 °C, indicating a giant dielectric response within broader frequency and temperature ranges. The dielectric properties of CCTZNO ceramics were analyzed from the viewpoints of defect-dipole effect and internal barrier layer capacitance (IBLC) model. Accordingly, the immensely enhanced dielectric response is primarily ascribed to the complex defect dipoles associated with oxygen vacancies by co-doping Zr4+ and Nb5+ ions into CCTO structure. In addition, the obvious dielectric relaxation behavior has been found in CCTZNO ceramics, and the relaxation process in middle frequency regions is attributed to the grain boundary response confirmed by complex impedance spectroscopy and electric modulus. 相似文献
14.
15.
In this study, a kind of Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing (AM) was investigated. Thermo-Calc simulation and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were used to determine phases and their transformation temperature. Experimental specimens were prepared by laser metal deposition (LMD) and traditional casting method. Microstructure, phase constitution and mechanical properties of the alloy were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission scanning electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and tensile tests. The results show that this alloy contains two basic phases, γ/γ', in addition to these phases, at least two secondary phases may be present, such as MC carbides and Laves phases. Furthermore, the as-deposited alloy has finer dendrite, its mean primary dendrite arm space (PDAS) is about 30-45 μm, and the average size of γ' particles is 100-150 nm. However, the dendrite size of the as-cast alloy is much larger and its PDAS is 300-500 μm with secondary and even third dendrite arms. Correspondingly, the alloy displays different tensile behavior with different processing methods, and the as-deposited specimen shows better ultimate tensile stress (1,085.7±51.7 MPa), yield stress (697±19.5 MPa) and elongation (25.8%±2.2%) than that of the as-cast specimen. The differences in mechanical properties of the alloy are due to the different morphology and size of dendrites, γ', and Laves phase, and the segregation of elements, etc. Such important information would be helpful for alloy application as well as new alloy development. 相似文献
16.
Jinshuang Wang Luyao Chen Mengdi Chen Yuyang Wu Yinghui Wang Yongsheng Yu Junbin Sun Bing Liu Qiangshan Jing 《Ceramics International》2021,47(16):22965-22975
In this study, the destabilization resistance of Sc2O3 and CeO2 co-stabilized ZrO2 (SCZ) ceramics was tested in Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salts at 750°C–1100 °C. The phase structure and microstructure evolution of the samples during the hot corrosion testing were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that the destabilization of SCZ ceramics at 750 °C was the result of the chemical reaction with V2O5 to produce m-ZrO2 and CeVO4, and little ScVO4 was detected in the Sc2O3-rich SCZ ceramics. The primary corrosion products at 900 °C and 1100 °C were CeO2 and m-ZrO2 due to the mineralization effect. The Sc2O3-rich SCZ ceramics exhibited excellent degradation resistance and phase stability owing to the enhanced bond strength and the decreased size misfit between Zr4+ and Sc3+. The destabilization mechanism of SCZ ceramic under hot corrosion was also discussed. 相似文献
17.
Chenglai Xin Rong Yuan Jiang Wu Qingyuan Wang Yanan Zhou 《Ceramics International》2021,47(3):3411-3420
A novel method for fabricating a nano-Cu/Si3N4 ceramic substrate is proposed. The nano-Cu/Si3N4 ceramic substrate is first fabricated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) with the addition of nanoscale multilayer films (Ti/TiN/Ti/TiN/Ti) as transition layers. The microstructures of the nano-Cu metal layer and the interface between Cu and Si3N4 are investigated. The results show that a higher SPS temperature increases the grain size of the nano-Cu metal layer and affects the hardness. The microstructure of the transition layer evolves significantly after SPS. Ti in the transition layer can react with Si3N4 and with nano-Cu to form interfacial reaction layers of TiN and Ti–Cu, respectively; these ensure stronger bonding between nano-Cu and Si3N4. Higher SPS temperatures improve the diffusion ability of Ti and Cu, inducing the formation of Ti3Cu3O compounds in the nano-Cu metal layer and Ti2Cu in the transition layer. This study provides an important strategy for designing and constructing a new type of ceramic substrate. 相似文献
18.
Cho-Yi Chen Masaoki Kawasumi Tien-Yun Lan Chi-Lam Poon Yi-Sian Lin Pin-Jou Wu Yao-Chung Chen Bing-Hong Chen Cheng-Hsien Wu Jeng-Fan Lo Rueyhung Roc Weng Yi-Chen Sun Kai-Feng Hung 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is an adaptive program to cope with cellular stress that disturbs the function and homeostasis of ER, which commonly occurs during cancer progression to late stage. Late-stage cancers, mostly requiring chemotherapy, often develop treatment resistance. Chemoresistance has been linked to ER stress response; however, most of the evidence has come from studies that correlate the expression of stress markers with poor prognosis or demonstrate proapoptosis by the knockdown of stress-responsive genes. Since ER stress in cancers usually persists and is essentially not induced by genetic manipulations, we used low doses of ER stress inducers at levels that allowed cell adaptation to occur in order to investigate the effect of stress response on chemoresistance. We found that prolonged tolerable ER stress promotes mesenchymal–epithelial transition, slows cell-cycle progression, and delays the S-phase exit. Consequently, cisplatin-induced apoptosis was significantly decreased in stress-adapted cells, implying their acquisition of cisplatin resistance. Molecularly, we found that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ubiquitination and the expression of polymerase η, the main polymerase responsible for translesion synthesis across cisplatin-DNA damage, were up-regulated in ER stress-adaptive cells, and their enhanced cisplatin resistance was abrogated by the knockout of polymerase η. We also found that a fraction of p53 in stress-adapted cells was translocated to the nucleus, and that these cells exhibited a significant decline in the level of cisplatin-DNA damage. Consistently, we showed that the nuclear p53 coincided with strong positivity of glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) on immunostaining of clinical biopsies, and the cisplatin-based chemotherapy was less effective for patients with high levels of ER stress. Taken together, this study uncovers that adaptation to ER stress enhances DNA repair and damage tolerance, with which stressed cells gain resistance to chemotherapeutics. 相似文献
19.
20.
Yu-Xuan Li Ping Li Yu-Zhe Wu Zhen-Liang Xu Ming-Ling Huang 《Ceramics International》2021,47(2):2180-2186
A novel TiO2 thin film was prepared on the ceramic hollow fiber by the sol-gel method using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as additives. SEM images verified the formation of TiO2 layer with various thickness using different composition of titania sols. The effect of the PVP and PVA contents on the TiO2 sol properties, the separation and the antifouling performance of the ultrafiltration membranes were investigated thoroughly. When the contents of PVP and PVA were 1.0 wt% and 0.8 wt%, respectively, the resultant membrane showed a thickness of 0.55 μm with a pure water flux of 255 L m?2 h?1. In addition, the adherent foulant bovine serum albumin was applied to evaluate the antifouling performance. During the three fouling-recovery cycles, the flux recovery ratio and the flux decay ratio maintained about 99% and 30%. The BSA flux and rejection were still 169 L m?2 h?1 and 96.9% after the cycles, indicating a superior antifouling property. 相似文献