Direct electron microscopic observation of transcrystalline layers in microfibrillar reinforced polymer-polymer composites

Microfibrillar reinforced composites (MFC) comprising an isotropic matrix from a lower melting polymer, i.e., low density polyethylene (LDPE), reinforced by microfibrils of a higher melting polymer, recycled from bottles, i.e., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), were processed under industrially relevant conditions via injection molding in a weight ratio of PET/LDPE = 50/50. Dog bone samples with MFC structure were characterized by means of scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. SEM observations on cryogenic fracture surfaces show an isotropic LDPE matrix reinforced by more or less randomly distributed PET microfibrils. By means of TEM on stained ultrathin slices one observes the formation of transcrystalline layers of LDPE matrix on the surface of the PET microfibrils. In these layers the crystalline lamellae are aligned parallel to each other and are placed perpendicularly to the fibril surfaces. This is in contrast to the bulk matrix where the lamellae are quasi-randomly arranged.     

采用单独碳化室压力调节系统减少焦炉排放

PROven(R)系统的开发 为了减少焦炉的排放,过去已进行了多种技术的开发.但是从焦炉炉门、装料孔边缘等处逸散物的减少,已受到工艺技术的制约.一个基本的制约因素是,在集气总管内的压力和联接到总管的所有碳化室内的压力之间有着密不可分的关系.     

Metacomputing in practice: a distributed compute server for pharmaceutical industry

We describe a distributed high-performance compute server that has been implemented for running compute-intensive applications on a mixture of HPC systems interconnected by Inter-and Intranet. With a practical industrial background, our work focusses on high availability, efficient job load balancing, security, and the easy integration of HPC computing into the daily work-flow at pharmaceutical companies.

The work was done in the course of the ESPRIT project P A Distributed Pharmaceutical Application Server The client software is implemented in Java. All results are displayed in a web browser and can be forwarded to the next stage of applications used in the drug design cycle. The server software handles the job load balancing between the participating HPC nodes and is capable of managing multi-site applications.

Our environment currently supports four key applications that are used in rational drug design and drug target identification. They range from the automatic functional annotation of protein sequences to three-dimensional protein structure prediction tools and protein comparison applications.     

When to use bit-wise neutrality

Representation techniques are important issues when designing successful evolutionary algorithms. Within this field the use of neutrality plays an important role. We examine the use of bit-wise neutrality introduced by Poli and López (2007) from a theoretical point of view and show that this mechanism only enhances mutation-based evolutionary algorithms if not the same number of genotypic bits for each phenotypic bit is used. Using different numbers of genotypic bits for the bits in the phenome we point out by rigorous runtime analyses that it may reduce the optimization time significantly.     

Initial Stages of Sintering of Alumina by Thermo-Optical Measurements

The behavior of nanostructured and submicrometer α-Al₂O₃ powders during the initial stages of field-assisted sintering technique (FAST), conventional, and microwave sintering was investigated using the laser-flash technique for thermo-optical measurements (TOM). An enhanced neck formation due to surface diffusion at very early stages of sintering was found in FAST samples. No significant difference due to heating rate has been found in these various samples.