Modification of avoidance behavior: Expectancy, autonomic reactivity, and verbal report.

Evaluated the effects of manipulated cognitive expectancy on avoidance behavior in an experimental paradigm that simulated systematic desensitization. 72 female undergraduates with moderate fear of spiders were divided among 4 expectancy conditions ranging from a set to improve to a set that fear would increase. 2 measures of electrodermal activity were continuously recorded while the Ss, who relaxed in a reclining chair, were exposed to a preserved tarantula. Results indicate that both overt avoidance behavior and 2 verbal indexes were differentially affected by expectancy and that no relationship between avoidance behavior and autonomic reactivity was evident. It is concluded that the processes which mediate systematic desensitization can not adequately be explained by the counterconditioning model alone. (34 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Sampling improvements in atomic absorption spectroscopy

Atomic absorption spectroscopy is being used as a routein method to determine sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper and many other metallic elements in oils, fats, milk and other substances. Copper and iron can be measured directly in milk without sample preparation. When highly acidified samples are run, a new plastic-lined nebulizer is useful to prevent spurious results due to corrosion. A new sampling device, the Graphite Furnace, can analyze extremely small samples and gives detection limits in the picogram (10⁻¹² g) range. One of 28 papers presented at the Symposium, “Metal-Catalyzed Lipid Oxidation,” ISF-AOCS World Congress, Chicago, September 1970.     

The Scintillation Mechanism in Thallium Doped Alkali Halides

In the scintillation mechanism for alkali iodides doped with thallous iodide: 1. Most of the luminescence, and possibly all of it, is from recombination and therefore energy transfer is predominantly from charge transport to thallium. 2. There are two modes of recombination at thallium which differ in the sequence of charge trapping at Tl+. The electron may be trapped before a mobile hole recombines with it, or the hole may be trapped before recombination with a free electron. 3. Thermal hole diffusion is an important process at room temperature and determines which mode a recombination event follows. 4. Both modes of recombination are active. 5. There is non-thermal hole trapping which is a significant part of the scintillator mechanism.     

Goodness of fit for random rankings in Kruskal's nonmetric scaling procedure.

Analyzed random input data with J. B. Kruskal's nonmetric scaling program in order to establish null hypotheses for the goodness-of-fit measure. Various numbers of hypothetical stimuli were analyzed using the Euclidean distance metric in various dimensionalities, and the effects of tied ranks were studied. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The damped transient behaviour of finite beams and plates

The direct Finite Element Analysis which was successfully employed in the solution of dynamic flexural traveling wave problems is extended herein to provide the transient behaviour of finite beams and plates in which shear deformation and rotatory inertia are considered. The particle and angular velocities are exponentially damped so that the static solutions for these problems are obtained with the same analysis which provided the dynamic and transient cases. Three special cases are chosen as examples. In the first, a sinusoidally varying shear force is applied at the tip of a cantilever beam. The resonant characteristics of this beam for both the undamped and damped cases are studied. In the second, a step shear loading is applied to a cantilever beam and its damped dynamic history is studied. Finally, a circular plate whose outer edge is simply supported is impacted at its inner edge by a step moment and its damped transient behaviour is determined. The idea of the methods is potentially applicable to dynamic problems in general.     

An 11-year follow-up of measured interest and vocational choice.

408 university graduates were followed up 11 yrs after they had taken the SVIB, the American College Testing Programs Examination, and the Opinion, Attitude, and Interest Survey as freshmen. Expressed choice predicted future occupation more accurately than measured interest, and the accuracy of both was greatest when they were congruent. Congruence of either measured interest or expressed choice with future occupation was unrelated to occupational satisfaction. The predictive accuracy of the single highest occupational scale on the SVIB was greater than that obtained from a grouping of SVIB scales. The SVIB was as efficient a predictor for a group of undecided freshmen as it was for a group of decided students. The method used to predict future occupation from the SVIB profiles of freshmen yielded lower "hit rates" than the retrospective method used in most validity studies. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Preparation and properties of phenolated phenanthrene-formaldehyde resins

Phenanthrene-formaldehyde resins of different oxygen content were reacted with phenol 110°C in the presence of a strong acid catalyst. Cleavage occurred at the dimethylene ether and acetal bridges joining the aromatic nuclei with the concomitant formation of phenanthrene-formaldehyde-phenol resins. These resins were characterised by gel permeation chromatography, ¹H n.m.r. and infrared spectroscopy.     

Diffusion von Silizium in schmelzflüssigen Kalk-Kieselsäure-Tonerde-Schlacken

Ermittlung der Diffusionskoeffizienten von Silizium in flüssigen Schlacken in Abhängigkeit vom Kalk-Kieselsäure-Verhältnis und vom Tonerdegehalt für 15 bis 60% SiO₂ und 15 bis 40% Al₂O₃ in der Schlacke und Temperaturen von 1500 bis 1600°C. Aus der Aktivierungsenergie der Diffusion Rückschlüsse auf den Aufbau der Schlacken und auf den Diffusionsmechanismus. Aussagen zum Einfluβ von Kalk und Tonerde auf die Beständigkeit des Kieselsäuregitters. Vergleich der Diffusionskoeffizienten von Silizium und Kalzium in der flüssigen Schlacke.     

Stress analysis of a pressurized circular hole with radial cracks in an infinite elastic plate

The stresses are evaluated for the plane problem of radial cracks originating at the boundary surface of a pressurized, circular hole in an infinite elastic plate. The stress distribution is approximately equal to that around a pressurized and unfractured equivalent cavity, the radius of which is equal to that of the crack tips. The critical pressure at which brittle failure will occur is analyzed for several variations of the hole and crack geometry.

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Zusammenfassung Für das ebene Problem einer unter Innendruck gesetzten kreisförmigen Öffnung mit radialen Rissen in einer unendlich großen, elastischen Platte werden die Spannungen berechnet. Die Spannungsverteilung kann als Näherung der einer ebenfalls unter Innendruck gesetzten und nicht mit Rissen versehenen Kreisöffnung, deren Radius so groß wie der der Rißspitzen ist, gleichgesetzt werden. Der kritische Druck, bei dem es zum Sprödbruch kommt, wird für einige Variationen der Öfnungs und Rißgeometrie ermittelt.

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Résumé On évalue les contraintes dans le cas plan de fissures radiales prenant naissance à la surface intérieure d'un trou circulaire dans une plaque infinie et élastique, soumis à une pression uniforme.La distribution des contraintes est sensiblement égale à celle que l'on rencontre dans le cas d'une cavité équivalente soumise à pression et dépourvue de ruptures, dont le rayon est égal à celui des extrémités des fissures.La pression critique à laquelle se produira une rupture fragile fait l'objet d'une analyse dans plusieurs cas de géométries du trou et des fissures preéxistantes.

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Taken from a dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Ph. D. in Mineral Engineering to the School of Mineral and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.