Synthesis of Biodiesel from Soybean Oil using Heterogeneous KF/ZnO Catalyst

Biodiesel was produced by transesterification of soybean oil with methanol using ZnO loaded with KF as a solid base catalyst. It was found that the catalyst with 15 wt.% KF loading and calcined at 873 K showed the optimum activity. XRD, IR and Hammett indicator method were employed for the catalyst characterization. The results showed the activity of the catalysts was correlated with their basicity. The influence of various reaction variables on the conversion was also discussed.     

Facile preparation of amphiphilic oxyethylene-oxypropylene block copolymers by selective triazine coupling

A novel synthetic route for preparing high molecular weight poly(oxyalkylene) block copolymers has been developed by using 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (cyanuric chloride, cc) as the coupling core. The coupling reaction involves the selective substitutions of oligo(oxyalkylene)-amines onto three chlorides of the triazine ring in a stepwise manner at 0, 25 and 130 °C. By judiciously selecting the starting amines and reaction conditions, one can tailor the copolymer structures with different block configurations (tri-block, multi-block, random and alternating block). The prepared copolymers can have a high molecular weight, up to 25,600 g/mol (GPC polydispersity=1.48), and also high thermal stability due to the presence of triazine functionalities. The copolymers with hydrophilic and hydrophobic oligo(oxyalkylene) blocks are of versatile properties in solubility (water soluble or water insoluble) and morphology (crystalline or amorphous). With a specific structure of alternating oligo(oxyethylene)/oligo(oxypropylene) blocks (2000 g/mol each block), the copolymer exhibits the property of self-association. It reduces the interfacial tension of toluene/water as low as 0.5 dyne/cm at the critical micelle concentration of 0.01 wt%.     

苏·乙酰对小菜蛾的生测及药效试验

乙酰甲胺磷与苏云金杆菌按一定比例混配有增效作用。按筛选的配方制成的20.6%苏·乙酰可湿性粉剂对小菜蛾的LC50为51.70 mg/ml,其80 g/667m2处理对小菜蛾药后3d的防效为92.23%,药后7 d的防效为90.34%,药后10 d的防效为81.16%,有较好的速效性及持效性。     

液晶聚酯的液晶行为与加工性能

液晶聚酯由于具有特异的液晶行为和高强高模性能而越来越受到人们的关注。本文对液晶聚酯的液晶态形成原因、液晶态类型与链结构的关系、液晶态热稳定性及其成型加工性能进行了讨论，指出了提高液晶态热稳定性的方法及液晶聚酯的发展趋势。     

A Novel Mixed-Valence Tetranuclear Iron-Oxygen Clusters in the Organically Templated Iron Phosphate [H3N(CH2)2NH3]2 Fe4O(PO4)4 ċH2O

A novel iron phosphate templated with ethylenediammonium cation, [H₃N(CH₂)₂NH₃]₂ Fe₄ O(PO₄)₄H₂O, has been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, magnetic susceptibility and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The compound crystallizes in the mono-clinic space group C2 with a= 30.3801(5),b= 10.1204(5),c= 10.0977(5) Å, = 107.712(1)°, V = 2957.5(4) ų and Z = 6. The structure contains 5 and 6-coordinated Fe atoms bridged by ₄-oxygen and PO₄ groups to form two types of mixed-valence Fe₄P₄ cubane-like clusters, which are connected via Fe- O- P bonds to give rise to intersecting channels that house the ethylenediammonium cations and water molecules. Room-temperature Mossbauer data confirm the presence of Fe^II and Fe^III.     

气体作自然对流时温度场测量中的全息层析技术

<正>1 引言 激光全息干涉技术是进行三维流场实验研究的重要手段之一.三维流场的全息层析,实际上就是在同时获得三维流场多方向干涉图的基础上,把三维流场分成一组平行的截面,根据多方位的干涉数据,由计算机分别对不同的截面重建三维流场的参量分布.由于这一方法     

我国煤制乙二醇竞争力分析

介绍了我国乙二醇市场现状,截至2019年底,我国乙二醇总产能为1 159万吨/年,其中,煤制乙二醇产能达491万吨/年,2020年还将有近400万吨/年的产能释放。煤制乙二醇技术逐渐成熟,所以短期内市场存在产能增速较快但产量增速缓慢的不匹配状态。比较了石油制乙二醇和煤制乙二醇生产工艺路线的成本,从生产成本、产品质量和物流方式3个维度分析了煤制乙二醇的市场竞争力,得出了煤制乙二醇的发展具有广阔前景,并根据国内乙二醇市场的远期发展趋势,提出了发展建议。     

化学微交联聚氯乙烯的结构和性能

通过氯乙烯/邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(VC/DAP)悬浮共聚,合成了含部分凝胶结构的化学微交联PVC树脂,对微交联PVC的玻璃化转变行为、加工性能、消光性能、加热-形变行为和力学性能进行了研究。当DAP用量在0.25%mol以下时,PVC的玻璃化温度变动不大。凝胶含量的增加将导致交联PVC_d~T的光泽度下降,消光性能提高;塑化时间和加工扭矩均增加,加工性能急剧变差;加热变形值下降,最高使用温度提高。凝胶对PVC拉伸性能的影响较为复杂,但压缩永久变形则随凝胶含量的增加而下降,材料的弹性性能逐渐提高。     

以硫脲配位用原子吸收法测定矿石中银

本实验是在近中性介质中,以硫脲为配位剂测定岩矿中银的新方法。样品用盐酸、王水、氢氟酸、高氯酸溶解,蒸干后加硫脲配位剂,使用乙炔—空气火焰测定银。     

应用电导探针测定固－液两相流的局部速度

研制了用于测定固－液两相流液相局部速度的双电极电导探针，并在０．７５ｍ×０．７５ｍ×１ｍ方形固－液搅拌槽内测定了叶轮排出流区的速度分布。