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51.
Jong-Soo Kim Yong-Bim Im Ngoc-Hung Bui 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2005,19(9):1790-1800
The examination on the operating mechanism of a pulsating heat pipe (PHP) using visualization revealed that the working fluid
in the PHP oscillated to the axial direction by the contraction and expansion of vapor plugs. This contraction and expansion
is due to the formation and extinction of bubbles in the evaporating and condensing section, respectively. In this paper,
a theoretical model of PHP was presented. The theoretical model was based on the separated flow model with two liquid slugs
and three vapor plugs. The results show that the diameter, surface tension and charge ratio of working fluid have significant
effects on the performance of the PHP. The following conclusions were obtained. The periodic oscillations of liquid slugs
and vapor plugs were obtained under specified parameters. When the hydraulic diameter of the PHP was increased to d=3mm, the
frequency of oscillation decreased. By increasing the charging ratio from 40 to 60 by volume ratio, the pressure difference
between the evaporating section and condensing section increased, the amplitude of oscillation reduced, and the oscillation
frequency decreased. The working fluid with higher surface tension resulted in an increase in the amplitude and frequency
of oscillation. Also the average temperature of vapor plugs decreased. 相似文献
52.
Gun Joo Jung Sung Ki Song Young Chull Ahn Geun Sug Oh Young Bin Im 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2011,25(2):503-512
This research has investigated physical variables affecting indoor thermal comfort and subjective responses of thermal comfort
of students in a university in Korea in which the weather is oceanic temperate climate, and has been performed to contribute
to the research fields of Sustainable Thermal Standard and Adaptive Thermal Comfort (ATC). This research is based on the ISO
7730-2005 standard and the ATC theories and 4 main variables of PMV such as dry bulb temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH),
black bulb temperature (Tg), and air velocity (Va) are measured once a week during two regular semesters. A clothing insulation,
a thermal sensation vote (TSV), an acceptability of thermal environment, and a preference for cooling and heating are investigated
at the same time using a questionnaire. This study was carried out for 26 weeks during the spring season, from March to June
2009, and the autumn season, from September to December 2009. The main achievements of this study are as follows. Monthly
Mean Outdoor Temperature (MMOT) and Operative Temperature (OT) in the classroom during research periods are 7.4∼23.3°C and
17.5∼29.0°C, respectively. The acceptability ratio of thermal environment shows over 80% when the range of OT in the classroom
is 17∼25°C, and the range can be applicable to operative index of heating and cooling of classroom. The mean TSV of respondents
is almost “neutral (0)” when the PMV in the classroom moves to “neutral (0)” and “slightly cool (−1)”, and the TSV is almost
“+1.5” when the PMV moves to “slightly warm (+1)”. The acceptability ratio of thermal environment is slightly different from
ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. So it is necessary to more investigate standard range of acceptability of thermal environment in
oceanic temperate climate region using much more databases. 相似文献
53.
Eun Kyoung Kim Jong Seok Bae Seung Soon Im Byoung Chul Kim Yang Kyoo Han 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2001,80(9):1388-1394
To obtain long branched polybutylene succinate (PBS), modified PBSs were prepared by introducing a branching agent, trimethylol propane (TMP), to the polycondensation system of succinic acid and 1,4‐butanediol. Molecular parameters such as absolute molecular weight and root‐mean‐square (RMS) radius of the modified PBSs were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with a multiangle laser light‐scattering (MALLS) detector. The RMS radius of TMP05, PBS prepared by incorporating 0.5 wt % TMP during polycondensation, was the smallest of all PBSs tested at the same molecular weight. The notable shear thinning and much reduced loss tangent for TMP05 qualitatively supported the difference in their molecular structures predicted by GPC. The analytical results indicated that introducing 0.5 wt % TMP produced PBS with chain branches long enough to produce molecular entanglements. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1388–1394, 2001 相似文献
54.
55.
Ui-Kun Kwon Chan-Ho Choi Gi-Hong Im 《Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on》2009,8(11):5449-5454
This paper proposes a full-rate cooperative communication technique with spatial diversity for single-carrier transmissions. In order to achieve both the spatial diversity and the full-rate, data streams are simultaneously transmitted through all direct and relay channels with different phase rotation and cyclic delay patterns. The phase rotation and cyclic delay patterns are derived in the sense of minimizing interlayer interference and a corresponding destination structure is presented for decoupling each layer at the destination. Simulation results show that the proposed technique achieves spatial diversity without sacrificing spectral efficiency and outperforms conventional full-rate cooperative communication techniques. 相似文献
56.
Yong Hui Lee Sang Hyuk Im Jeong Ah Chang Jong-Heun Lee Sang Il Seok 《Organic Electronics》2012,13(6):975-979
CdSe-sensitized heterojunction solar cells composed of mesoscopic TiO2/CdSe/P3HT (poly-3-hexylthiophene) were constructed, and the negative molecular dipole of 4-methoxybenzenethiol (MBT) and the ZnS passivation layer were used as interface modifiers to improve device performance. Through the interface modification between TiO2/CdSe and P3HT using MBT and by ZnS surface passivation, the power conversion efficiency of the modified solar cell was greatly enhanced from 1.02% to 1.62% under 1 sun illumination. 相似文献
57.
Polypyrrole (PPy) microstructures with diverse shapes were synthesized in an aqueous inorganic salt medium including organic crystals and pyrrole (Py). A series of sulfobenzoic acid salt forms with various cations (K+, Na+, Li+, NH4+) in different positions (para, meta, ortho) of the sulfonate group on the benzene ring were used to form organic crystals as sacrificial templates. Using these crystals, we produced five different shapes of PPy microstructures (hexagonal microplates, curled nanofibers, lozenge-shaped microplates, rigid rods, parallelogram microplates), which replicated the shapes of the organic crystal templates through electrostatic interaction between the anionic crystal surfaces and the cationic PPy chains. In contrast, PPy that was polymerized without crystals showed bulky agglomerates of 200-500 nm size. The electrical properties were dictated by the molecular structures of the organic salt molecules used. While the highest conductivity (200.3 Scm−1) was observed in PPy using crystals of para-linked 4-sulfobenzoic acid monopotassium salt, the lowest conductivity (0.8 Scm−1) was observed in PPy prepared in the presence of crystals of ortho-linked 2-sulfobenzoic acid monoammonium salt. 相似文献
58.
Jong Gu Kim Ji Sun Im Tae-Sung Bae Jin Hoon Kim Young-Seak Lee 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2013,19(1):94-98
A glucose sensor electrode was prepared by thermally treating a pitch-based carbon material. Oxyfluorination was used to modify the surface of the prepared carbon to induce the formation of hydrophilic functional groups. A glucose oxidase enzyme was effectively loaded onto the surface of the oxyfluorinated carbon and was more sensitive in glucose sensing because of the effects of the improved interfacial affinity between the electrode and the glucose oxidase. The introduced hydrophilic functional groups were examined using XPS analysis. In current–voltage measurements, a higher current was observed in the samples prepared with a higher oxygen content. In addition, a clear redox peak was observed in the surface modified samples. These results can be attributed to efficient electrical resistance measurement by easy electron transfer during glucose sensing. An efficient glucose sensor electrode was prepared using pitch-based carbon, which has beneficial electrical properties, and oxyfluorination, which improves the surface interface. 相似文献
59.
Ultra-thin polypyrrole nanosheets (UPNSs) are fabricated by organic crystal surface-induced polymerization (OCSP) of pyrrole in an aqueous suspension containing hydrated crystals of sodium decylsulfonate (C10SO3Na) below the Krafft temperature using FeCl3 as an oxidant. The hydrated C10SO3Na crystals are used as templates through electrostatic binding of the cationic polypyrrole (PPy) chains oxidized by Fe(III) ions on the anionic C10SO3Na crystal surface. The resulting UPNSs have a single layer thickness of ∼21 nm, widths between 2 and 6 μm, and lengths greater than 10 μm. The UPNSs are composed of a single continuous PPy domain. Moreover, the UPNSs exhibit higher conductivity (30.6 Scm−1) and longer conjugation lengths than the PPy nanoparticles (2.4 Scm−1) prepared using emulsion polymerization. We systematically investigate the UPNSs as gas sensors for detecting and quantifying toxic gases such as HCl and NH3. The UPNSs exhibit much higher gas sensitivity and faster response times compared with the PPy nanoparticles. 相似文献
60.
Ui-Su Im Jiyoung Kim Seon Ho Lee Byung-Rok Lee Dong-Hyun Peck Doo-Hwan Jung 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2017,69(12):2460-2466
In the present study, surface texture features and chemical properties of two types of cokes, made from coal tar by either 1-stage heat treatment or 2-stage heat treatment, were researched. The relationship between surface texture characteristics and the chemical properties was identified through molecular weight distribution, insolubility of coal tar, weight loss with temperature increase, coking yield, and polarized light microscope analysis. Rapidly cleared anisotropy texture in cokes was observed in accordance with the coking temperature rise. Quinoline insolubility and toluene insolubility of coal tar increased with a corresponding increases in coking temperature. In particular, the cokes produced by the 2-stage heat treatment (2S-C) showed surface structure of needle cokes at a temperature approximately 50°C lower than the 1-stage heat treatment (1S-C). Additionally, the coking yield of 2S-C increased by approximately 14% in comparison with 1S-C. 相似文献