氯化聚乙烯对氯丁橡胶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚反应的影响

研究了高氯氯化聚乙烯(HCPE)对氯丁橡胶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚及其反应产物的影响。结果表明,HCPE能加快聚合速率,提高转化率、接枝效率和接枝度。含HCPE的产物,含有较高分子量的级份,分子量分布较宽,树脂相的分布比较均匀,并具有较好的机械性能和较高的粘接强度。     

Polymer nanofibers embedded with aligned gold nanorods: a new platform for plasmonic studies and optical sensing

This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of polymer nanofibers embedded with gold nanorods in uniaxial alignment for applications in optical waveguiding and sensing. Using a waveguiding approach, we demonstrated highly efficient excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance in the embedded gold nanorods with a photon-to-plasmon-conversion efficiency as high as 70% for a single nanorod at its longitudinal resonance wavelength. On the basis of waveguiding polymer nanofibers embedded with gold nanorods, we further demonstrated compact optical humidity sensors with a response time of 110 ms and an operation optical power as low as 500 pW.     

Superior electrocatalytic activity of mesoporous Au film templated from diblock copolymer micelles

Mesoporous Au films consisting of a network of interconnected Au ligaments around ultra-large pores were found to exhibit a promising electrocatalytic activity towards sluggish reactions. Mesoporous Au films with pore sizes up to 25 nm were successfully fabricated using a polymeric micelle approach. A superior catalytic activity of the mesoporous Au films towards methanol oxidation was confirmed, which was thoroughly analyzed and compared with that of other Au materials. An intrinsic investigation on the high catalytic activity revealed that the superior performance of the as-prepared mesoporous Au film was related to its unique atomic structures around the mesopores with well-crystallized facets and several step/kink sites on the Au surfaces. These findings showcase a strategic and feasible design for preparing highly active Au-based catalysts that could be used as promising candidates in electrocatalytic applications.

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玉米秸皮微晶纤维素制备实验研究及参数优化

目的开辟玉米秸秆综合利用的新途径,减少对环境的污染和破坏。方法利用玉米秸皮进行微晶纤维素的制备,并对制备的微晶纤维素的成分、含量及不同制备条件下微晶纤维素的聚合度进行测定和分析。结果根据实验结果可知,当反应时间为69 min,反应温度为50℃,纤维素酶质量为0.98 g时,玉米秸秆皮微晶纤维素的聚合度取得最优值为104;同时,利用响应面法分析了各因素对响应值的影响规律,建立了回归方程,根据方差分析结果,所建立的方程具有极显著性。结论玉米秸皮微晶纤维素的制备及在喷墨打印纸制备产业的应用,为玉米秸秆的综合利用提供了有效的途径。     

Control of interface nanoscale structure created by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Tailoring the structure of films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to specific applications requires a depth-resolved understanding of how the interface structures in such films are impacted by variations in deposition parameters such as feed position and plasma power. Analysis of complementary X-ray and neutron reflectivity (XR, NR) data provide a rich picture of changes in structure with feed position and plasma power, with those changes resolved on the nanoscale. For plasma-polymerized octafluorocyclobutane (PP-OFCB) films, a region of distinct chemical composition and lower cross-link density is found at the substrate interface for the range of processing conditions studied and a surface layer of lower cross-link density also appears when plasma power exceeds 40 W. Varying the distance of the feed from the plasma impacts the degree of cross-linking in the film center, thickness of the surface layer, and thickness of the transition region at the substrate. Deposition at the highest power, 65 W, both enhances cross-linking and creates loose fragments with fluorine content higher than the average. The thickness of the low cross-link density region at the air interface plays an important role in determining the width of the interface built with a layer subsequently deposited atop the first.     

平面内直线度误差的一种精确评定新方法

针对给定平面内直线度误差优化评定存在的逼近算法复杂、迭代评定结果不够准确、不能与多种直线度误差测量仪器配合使用等问题,提出一种新的符合最小包容区域原理的快速精确算法--凸多边形截距法。该方法依据计算几何中的凸壳理论,将不同类型测量仪器的测量数据转换为坐标值,以首尾连线将测点分区,依据斜率大小构造凸多边形,以截距最大值对应的点与直线得出符合相间准则的3个特征点,通过剪移转换求出直线度误差。实验结果表明,所提出的算法简单、精确、易于计算机自动数据处理,具有评定精度高、运算速度快的特点。