Hierarchical porous onion-shaped LiMn<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> as ultrahigh-rate cathode material for lithium ion batteries

Spinel LiMn₂O₄ is a widely utilized cathode material for Li-ion batteries. However, its applications are limited by its poor energy density and power density. Herein, a novel hierarchical porous onion-like LiMn₂O₄(LMO) was prepared to shorten the Li⁺ diffusion pathway with the presence of uniform pores and nanosized primary particles. The growth mechanism of the porous onion-like LiMn₂O₄ was analyzed to control the morphology and the crystal structure so that it forms a polyhedral crystal structure with reduced Mn dissolution. In addition, graphene was added to the cathode (LiMn₂O₄/graphene) to enhance the electronic conductivity. The synthesized LiMn₂O₄/graphene exhibited an ultrahigh-rate performance of 110.4 mAh·g^–1 at 50 C and an outstanding energy density at a high power density, maintaining 379.4 Wh·kg^–1 at 25,293 W·kg^–1. Besides, it shows durable stability, with only 0.02% decrease in the capacity per cycle at 10 C. Furthermore, the (LiMn₂O₄/graphene)/graphite full-cell exhibited a high discharge capacity. This work provides a promising method for the preparation of outstanding, integrated cathodes for potential applications in lithium ion batteries.

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图示评审技术中资金的时间价值的费用探析

在图示评审技术（ＧＥＲＴ）网络模型的基础上,考虑资金的时间价值,探析费用参数求解的两种方法：一是利用信号流图理论的方法,二是利用模拟技术的模拟解法．并用算例求解,另外,对三峡左岸机组安装施工费用进行了研究．     

Mutations in the ligand-binding domain of the kit receptor: an uncommon site in human piebaldism

Heterozygous mutations in the gene for the Kit transmembrane receptor have been identified recently in human piebaldism and mouse "dominant spotting." Interestingly, all of the 14 known missense mutations that cause depigmentation in these species map to the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor, whereas none have involved the extracellular ligand-binding domain. In an attempt to detect these uncommon mutations, we screened the nine exons encoding the extracellular portion of Kit for single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) in eight piebald subjects previously reported to be negative for kinase mutations. Four of these eight kindreds proved to carry novel mutations. The first mutation, found in two apparently unrelated probands with mild piebaldism and English ancestry, substitutes an arginine for a highly conserved cysteine at codon 136. This substitution disrupts a putative disulfide bond required for formation of the second Ig-like (D2) loop of the Kit ligand-binding domain. The second mutation, detected in a piebald kindred characterized by unusually limited depigmentation, substitutes a threonine for an alanine at codon 178, a site just proximal to conserved cysteines at codons 183 and 186. The third mutation, occurring in a kindred with more extensive depigmentation, is a novel four-base insertion in exon 2 that results in a proximal frameshift and premature termination. The data strongly suggest that piebaldism can result from missense mutations in the Kit ligand-binding domain, although the resulting phenotype may be milder than that observed for null or kinase mutations. The apparent clustering of these uncommon mutations at or near the conserved cysteines for the D2 Ig-like loop further suggests a critical role for this region in Kit receptor function.     

机械设备虚拟维修样机在虚拟环境中的实时移动

传统虚拟维修训练系统开发平台暴露出实时性差、维修数据与维修效果不同步、调整费时费力等问题;为了弥补开发平台的不足,使其达到“所见即所得”的维修效果,利用Creator和Vega在虚拟环境中引入虚拟维修样机的装配树形图,并建立起维修样机与装配树形图之间的实时响应,解决了维修样机部件的实时移动以及维修数据的动态存储等关键问题,从而实现了虚拟维修样机在虚拟环境中的实时移动,达到了“所见即所得”的维修效果;实践证明,改进后的系统实时性和通用性明显加强,操作流程更加人性化,达到了预期效果.     

联合信源信道算术码研究

介绍联合信源信道算术码添加禁用符号的编码方法,以实例方式引入联合信源信道算术码的检错原理。综述联合信源信道算术码的检错时延分布、几何分布,分析各种解码方法、序列解码方法及其各种改进,研究基于有限状态机的解码方法与其他信道码构成的迭代式联合解码方法,并展望目前联合信源信道算术码研究存在的问题及其前景。     

Multi-view Superpixel Stereo in Urban Environments

Urban environments possess many regularities which can be efficiently exploited for 3D dense reconstruction from multiple widely separated views. We present an approach utilizing properties of piecewise planarity and restricted number of plane orientations to suppress reconstruction and matching ambiguities causing failures of standard dense stereo methods. We formulate the problem of the 3D reconstruction in MRF framework built on an image pre-segmented into superpixels. Using this representation, we propose novel photometric and superpixel boundary consistency terms explicitly derived from superpixels and show that they overcome many difficulties of standard pixel-based formulations and handle favorably problematic scenarios containing many repetitive structures and no or low textured regions. We demonstrate our approach on several wide-baseline scenes demonstrating superior performance compared to previously proposed methods.     

Is Evolution Algorithmic?

In Darwin’s Dangerous Idea, Daniel Dennett claims that evolution is algorithmic. On Dennett’s analysis, evolutionary processes are trivially algorithmic because he assumes that all natural processes are algorithmic. I will argue that there are more robust ways to understand algorithmic processes that make the claim that evolution is algorithmic empirical and not conceptual. While laws of nature can be seen as compression algorithms of information about the world, it does not follow logically that they are implemented as algorithms by physical processes. For that to be true, the processes have to be part of computational systems. The basic difference between mere simulation and real computing is having proper causal structure. I will show what kind of requirements this poses for natural evolutionary processes if they are to be computational.     

基于R树的空管GIS数据模型索引的设计

地理信息系统(GIS,Geographic Information System)是人们时客观世界理解经过一系列处理后在计算机上一种数字化.图像化的实现.对于复杂现实世界,一方面人们希望GIS包含充足的数据.另一方面又期望从中能方便地选择所需要的数据,为尽可能地包含信息,又要能方便快速选取,这就要求人们以一种高效的数据组织方式--GIS数据模型.GIS的一个特性就是海量的空间数据,为达到快速查询目的对其进行空间索引是必然的.而R树于1984年Guttman提出以来被广泛的运用于原型研究和空间数据库系统中.笔者介绍了一种基于R树的空间GIS数据模型索引的设计(基于R树的内存索引).     

Characteristics of ACPDP test panels with aluminum fence electrode formed via anodic bonding with soda‐lime glass

Abstract— In an attempt to reduce materials and processing costs of ACPDPs, aluminum fence electrodes were prepared on soda‐lime glass substrates by chemically etching aluminum foil bonded directly onto the substrate via an anodic‐bonding process. Several different fence‐electrode patterns were designed and coated either with a glass dielectric layer or with an anodic aluminum oxide layer. Firing voltages, operation margin, luminance, and luminous efficiency of such test panels were evaluated. The results indicated that the performance of test panels with aluminum fence electrodes is comparable with conventional test panels with ITO/Ag electrodes, demonstrating the possibility of a dramatic reduction in the costs of ACPDPs.     

Microstructure of SiCp-reinforced A356 cast Al metal-matrix composite

The microstructure of SiCp-reinforced A356 cast Al metal-matrix composite (MMC) has been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. It is found that the MMC contains -SiC, ( + ₂) SiC composite, eutectic Si, GP zones of Si sequence, a new J phase and the amorphous phase Al _x Si₉Ca₂. The ₂-SiC is lathlike with a triclinic crystal structure having a=0.308 nm, b=0.305 nm, c=1.262 nm, = 93.8 °, = 90.0 °, and = 60.0 °. The J phase is bulk-like with a C-face-centred orthorhombic crystal structure having a = 0.680 nm, b = 1.170 nm and c = 0.826 nm.