Spinel LiMn2O4 is a widely utilized cathode material for Li-ion batteries. However, its applications are limited by its poor energy density and power density. Herein, a novel hierarchical porous onion-like LiMn2O4(LMO) was prepared to shorten the Li+ diffusion pathway with the presence of uniform pores and nanosized primary particles. The growth mechanism of the porous onion-like LiMn2O4 was analyzed to control the morphology and the crystal structure so that it forms a polyhedral crystal structure with reduced Mn dissolution. In addition, graphene was added to the cathode (LiMn2O4/graphene) to enhance the electronic conductivity. The synthesized LiMn2O4/graphene exhibited an ultrahigh-rate performance of 110.4 mAh·g–1 at 50 C and an outstanding energy density at a high power density, maintaining 379.4 Wh·kg–1 at 25,293 W·kg–1. Besides, it shows durable stability, with only 0.02% decrease in the capacity per cycle at 10 C. Furthermore, the (LiMn2O4/graphene)/graphite full-cell exhibited a high discharge capacity. This work provides a promising method for the preparation of outstanding, integrated cathodes for potential applications in lithium ion batteries.
Heterozygous mutations in the gene for the Kit transmembrane receptor have been identified recently in human piebaldism and mouse "dominant spotting." Interestingly, all of the 14 known missense mutations that cause depigmentation in these species map to the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor, whereas none have involved the extracellular ligand-binding domain. In an attempt to detect these uncommon mutations, we screened the nine exons encoding the extracellular portion of Kit for single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) in eight piebald subjects previously reported to be negative for kinase mutations. Four of these eight kindreds proved to carry novel mutations. The first mutation, found in two apparently unrelated probands with mild piebaldism and English ancestry, substitutes an arginine for a highly conserved cysteine at codon 136. This substitution disrupts a putative disulfide bond required for formation of the second Ig-like (D2) loop of the Kit ligand-binding domain. The second mutation, detected in a piebald kindred characterized by unusually limited depigmentation, substitutes a threonine for an alanine at codon 178, a site just proximal to conserved cysteines at codons 183 and 186. The third mutation, occurring in a kindred with more extensive depigmentation, is a novel four-base insertion in exon 2 that results in a proximal frameshift and premature termination. The data strongly suggest that piebaldism can result from missense mutations in the Kit ligand-binding domain, although the resulting phenotype may be milder than that observed for null or kinase mutations. The apparent clustering of these uncommon mutations at or near the conserved cysteines for the D2 Ig-like loop further suggests a critical role for this region in Kit receptor function. 相似文献
Urban environments possess many regularities which can be efficiently exploited for 3D dense reconstruction from multiple
widely separated views. We present an approach utilizing properties of piecewise planarity and restricted number of plane
orientations to suppress reconstruction and matching ambiguities causing failures of standard dense stereo methods. We formulate
the problem of the 3D reconstruction in MRF framework built on an image pre-segmented into superpixels. Using this representation,
we propose novel photometric and superpixel boundary consistency terms explicitly derived from superpixels and show that they
overcome many difficulties of standard pixel-based formulations and handle favorably problematic scenarios containing many
repetitive structures and no or low textured regions. We demonstrate our approach on several wide-baseline scenes demonstrating
superior performance compared to previously proposed methods. 相似文献
In Darwin’s Dangerous Idea, Daniel Dennett claims that evolution is algorithmic. On Dennett’s analysis, evolutionary processes are trivially algorithmic
because he assumes that all natural processes are algorithmic. I will argue that there are more robust ways to understand
algorithmic processes that make the claim that evolution is algorithmic empirical and not conceptual. While laws of nature
can be seen as compression algorithms of information about the world, it does not follow logically that they are implemented
as algorithms by physical processes. For that to be true, the processes have to be part of computational systems. The basic
difference between mere simulation and real computing is having proper causal structure. I will show what kind of requirements
this poses for natural evolutionary processes if they are to be computational. 相似文献
地理信息系统(GIS,Geographic Information System)是人们时客观世界理解经过一系列处理后在计算机上一种数字化.图像化的实现.对于复杂现实世界,一方面人们希望GIS包含充足的数据.另一方面又期望从中能方便地选择所需要的数据,为尽可能地包含信息,又要能方便快速选取,这就要求人们以一种高效的数据组织方式--GIS数据模型.GIS的一个特性就是海量的空间数据,为达到快速查询目的对其进行空间索引是必然的.而R树于1984年Guttman提出以来被广泛的运用于原型研究和空间数据库系统中.笔者介绍了一种基于R树的空间GIS数据模型索引的设计(基于R树的内存索引). 相似文献
Abstract— In an attempt to reduce materials and processing costs of ACPDPs, aluminum fence electrodes were prepared on soda‐lime glass substrates by chemically etching aluminum foil bonded directly onto the substrate via an anodic‐bonding process. Several different fence‐electrode patterns were designed and coated either with a glass dielectric layer or with an anodic aluminum oxide layer. Firing voltages, operation margin, luminance, and luminous efficiency of such test panels were evaluated. The results indicated that the performance of test panels with aluminum fence electrodes is comparable with conventional test panels with ITO/Ag electrodes, demonstrating the possibility of a dramatic reduction in the costs of ACPDPs. 相似文献
The microstructure of SiCp-reinforced A356 cast Al metal-matrix composite (MMC) has been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. It is found that the MMC contains -SiC, ( + 2) SiC composite, eutectic Si, GP zones of Si sequence, a new J phase and the amorphous phase AlxSi9Ca2. The 2-SiC is lathlike with a triclinic crystal structure having a=0.308 nm, b=0.305 nm, c=1.262 nm, = 93.8 °, = 90.0 °, and = 60.0 °. The J phase is bulk-like with a C-face-centred orthorhombic crystal structure having a = 0.680 nm, b = 1.170 nm and c = 0.826 nm. 相似文献