Improved performance of ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cell with SSZ thin film electrolyte and Ni-SSZ anode functional layer

Ammonia offers several advantages over hydrogen as an alternative fuel. However, using ammonia as a hydrogen source for fuel cells has not been received enough attention. In present paper, Scandia-stabilized Zirconia (SSZ) thin film electrolyte and Ni-SSZ anode functional layer were developed by tape casting in order to obtain high power output performance in ammonia, the results of a SOFC running on ammonia were described and its performance was compared with that when running on hydrogen. In order to improve the performance of the cell at higher temperatures, the anode was modified by iron through infiltration. A direct comparison of the performance of the modified cell running on either hydrogen or ammonia showed that the cell in ammonia generated slightly higher power densities at 700 and 750 °C. The performance in ammonia, using the anode catalyst, was comparable to that in hydrogen indicating ammonia could be treated as a promising alternative fuel by selecting an appropriate catalyst.     

Graphene Aerogels with Anchored Sub‐Micrometer Mulberry‐Like ZnO Particles for High‐Rate and Long‐Cycle Anode Materials in Lithium Ion Batteries

Graphene aerogels (GAs) anchoring hierarchical, mulberry‐like ZnO particles are fabricated in situ using a one‐step solvothermal reaction. The resulting composites can function as anodes in lithium ion batteries, where they exhibit a high capacity and cyclic stability. The reversible capacities obtained are 365, 320, and 230 mA h g^?1 at current densities of 1, 2, and 10 A g^?1. Their high reversible capacity is 445 mA h g^?1 at a current density of 1.6 A g^?1; this value is maintained even after the 500th cycle, The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to strong oxygen bridges between ZnO and graphene, where C–O–Zn linkages provide a good pathway for electron transport during charge/discharge cycles. Additionally, the hierarchical structure of the ZnO microballs suppresses stacking among the graphene layers, allowing the GAs to accelerate the transport of lithium ions. Furthermore, the GA framework enhances the electrical conductivity and buffer any volume expansion.     

(S-[11C]甲基)-D-半胱氨酸的自动合成与动物实验

研究(S-[11C]甲基)-D-半胱氨酸(11C-D-MCYS)的自动化合成工艺,并对无菌炎症模型和S180肉瘤模型进行正电子发射断层(PET)显像。由PET回旋加速器生产的11CO2,与氢化铝锂(LiAlH4)发生还原反应生成11CH3OH,再与氢碘酸(HI)发生取代反应生成碘甲烷(11CH3I)。11CH3I与前体D-半胱氨酸(D-CYS)在Sep Pak Plus C18柱上发生烷基化反应生成11C-D-MCYS。用NaH2PO4缓冲液将柱上的11C-D-MCYS淋洗到无菌瓶中。11C-D-MCYS未校正放化产率为(51±4)%(从11CH3I计算,n=4),放化纯度>99%,总合成时间~12 min。PET显像结果显示,S180肉瘤组织高度摄取11C-D-MCYS,而炎症组织摄取11C-D-MCYS低,表明11C-D-MCYS在肿瘤显像方面具有一定潜力。     

绵延:时间、运动、空间中的知觉体验

本文讨论了柏格森时间绵延概念在正确理解建筑感知和体验中所起的重要作用。正确理解时间之本质,也就是时间的绵延性质为形而上学地理解建筑提供了有效的切入点。也为获得建筑之"综合体验"建立了基础。文中指出吉迪恩的现代主义建筑理论有关时间概念。也就是将时间作为空间的第四维观念之缺陷。为在建筑中正确理解时间、运动和空间观念提出了不同的视界。     

Confined Iron Fluoride@CMK‐3 Nanocomposite as an Ultrahigh Rate Capability Cathode for Li‐Ion Batteries

A facile and advanced architecture design of FeF₃·0.33H₂O impregnated CMK‐3 nanocomposite (FeF₃·0.33H₂O@CMK‐3) is presented. In the FeF₃·0.33H₂O@CMK‐3 nanocomposite, mesoporous carbon CMK‐3 can provide enough passageways for electron and Li⁺ transport to the confined nanosized FeF₃·0.33H₂O. The intimate conductive contact between the FeF₃·0.33H₂O nanoparticles and the carbon framework not only provides an expressway of electron transfer for Li⁺ insertion/extraction but also suppresses the growth and agglomeration of FeF₃·0.33H₂O during the crystallization process. As expected, the nanostructured materials exhibit impressive rate capability and excellent cyclicity. Remarkably, even under an ultrahigh charge/discharge rate of 50 C (the charge or discharge process takes a mere 72 s), the confined FeF₃·0.33H₂O@CMK‐3 still shows a high specific capacity of 78 mAh g^?1. By combining confined nanosized active material, high electron conductivity, and open framework, the FeF₃·0.33H₂O@CMK‐3 nanocomposite demonstrates excellent high‐rate capability and good cycling properties.     

机械产品三维CAD软件平台

计算机辅助二维设计是相对于手工绘图的进步,参数化技术又使二维CAD富有灵巧性.但是无论进行何种平面几何数据的操作.均无法创立三维产品.CAD的深入发展必将要求与工程分析、真实感造型、数控加工、数据管理和信息流控制等技术集成为一体.长期以来,面向制造业的CAD/CAM软件均基于UNIX工作站平台.其软硬件价格及复杂程度使人望而生畏.随着微机技术的发展,世界著名的Autodesk公司最近新推出基于微机的三维CAD软件平台,为广大机械工程技术人员提供强有力的CAD/CAM手段.本文详细地介绍这一最新软件的功能及用途.     

Comparison of infiltrated ceramic fiber paper and mica base compressive seals for planar solid oxide fuel cells

Solid oxide fuel cells using non-glass sealants have become increasingly common. In this paper, fumed silica infiltrated ceramic fiber paper with pre-compression was compared with plain and pre-compressed at 10 MPa hybrid mica as compressive seals. Leakage tests were measured under a 0.1–1.0 MPa compressive load with the pressure gradient varying from 2 to 15 kPa. The results demonstrated that the leakage rate of infiltrated fiber paper was 0.04 sccm cm⁻¹ for a 10 kPa gradient, under 1.0 MPa compressive load, while for mica it was 0.60 and 0.63 sccm cm⁻¹ which indicated that the infiltrated ceramic fiber paper showed a much lower leakage than mica. Long-term thermal cycling tests demonstrated that although the leakage of fumed silica infiltrated fiber paper was slightly higher than that of hybrid mica, it remained stable after 20 thermal cycles and no interlayer was needed. The mass loss of the fiber paper was 1.7 × 10⁻² mg cm⁻² h⁻¹ in a hydrogen environment at 1073 K for 200 h. The leakage of infiltrated fiber paper remained about 0.06 sccm cm⁻¹ after reduction.     

移动式反渗透海水淡化装置电控系统的设计与应用

该文以某150000吨/日反渗透海水淡化工艺可行性研究为背景,设计了一套工艺为“强化预处理+反渗透”的移动式海水淡化装置。通过分析工艺各环节关键设备及参数的自动控制原理,重点阐述了电气、控制、仪表等三方面的硬件设备选型以及PLC与上位监控程序的设计和开发过程,目前系统已经在中试实验装置成功应用。实验结果表明,系统运行安全可靠,运行数据可追溯性强,在提高设备智能化水平的同时也实现了稳定工况下的少人甚至无人值守。     

Research on intelligent launching control of dual clutch transmissions based on adaptive neural fuzzy inference system

Vehicle launching has an important influence on driving performance of the vehicle. For vehicles with dual clutch transmissions (DCT), the clutch torque control is the key to the launching control. Therefore, a data-driven control method for DCT launching process based on adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is proposed. Firstly, the vehicle test data during launching process is collected and the optimal clutch torque is obtained based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). Afterward, to learn the launching control rules from optimization results, the combination of neural network and fuzzy logic algorithm, referred to as an ANFIS, is established. The dataset of the optimized launching clutch torque is utilized to train the ANFIS controller. Finally, the simulation and test results show that the data-driven control can accurately learn the launching control rules from the optimality, thereby achieving the optimal control for different launching intentions.

     

Synthesis of La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ Powder for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by a Nitrate-Citrate Combustion Route

A nitrate-citrate combustion route to synthesize La0.9Sr0.1 Ga0.8 Mg0.2O3-δ powder for solid oxide fuel cell application was presented. This route is based on the gelling of nitrate solutions by the addition of citric acid and ammonium hydroxide, followed by an intense combustion process due to an exothermic redox reaction between nitrate and citrate ions. The optimum technical parameters are that the pH value is 5, and the molar ratio of citric acid to the total metallic ion is 1.5:1. X-ray diffraction characterization of calcined gel shows that pure phase was synthesized after calcination at 1400℃ for 10 h, and the TEM result shows the calcined powder with average particle size is about 150 nm. The grain resistance contributes to the total resistance of sintered pellet below 500℃. The conductivity of the sintered pellent at 800℃ was 0.07 S-1.cm-1 higher than the conductivity of YSZ(0.05S-1.cm-1 at 800℃)