烟草种植土地适宜性评价方法及综合应用

综述了烟草土地适宜性评价方法的研究成果,重点分析了逐级筛网法、模糊数学法、综合指数法3种方法。综合其优点,提出将三者结合来进行评价的方法,并将其应用于河南省烟草的土地适宜性评价。     

Effects of alkaline treatment of hydrogen storage alloy on electrocatalytic activity for NaBH4 oxidation

Activation of the MmNi_4.03Co_0.42Mn_0.31Al_0.24 hydrogen storage alloy electrode is performed by immersing the electrode in a solution containing 6.0 mol dm⁻³ NaOH and 0.1 mol dm⁻³ NaBH_4. The effects of activation on the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode for NaBH₄ oxidation are investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Immersion activation greatly improves the electrocatalytic activity of the alloy electrode. Hydrogen was absorbed in the alloy during the immersion activation treatment and its electrooxidation is responsible for the high initial oxidation current. The stabilized current mainly results from the direct oxidation starting from the borohydride species. The effects of activation on structure and surface chemistry of the alloy are also discussed.     

Investigation on silver electric adhesive doped with Al2O3 ceramic particles for sealing planar solid oxide fuel cell

The silver electric adhesive doped with Al₂O₃ ceramic particles is used as sealing material for planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The sealing temperature of this sealing material is 600 °C with the heating rate of 2 °C min⁻¹, and the minimal leak rate ranges from 0.030 sccm cm⁻¹ to 0.040 sccm cm⁻¹. When doping 15 mass% Al₂O₃ ceramic particles into this sealing material, the thermal expansion coefficient of this material decreases from 20 ppm K⁻¹ to 15 ppm K⁻¹, which improves the thermal matching performance and the long-term stability of the material significantly. When using the gradient sealing method with the pure silver electric adhesive and the silver electric adhesive doped with Al₂O₃ ceramic particles to seal the interface of Ni-YSZ/SUS430 in the simulating cell, the minimal leak rate of 0.035 sccm cm⁻¹ is obtained for the cell. Furthermore, the simulating cell sealed with the compound silver electric adhesive presents good heat-resistant impact ability. Therefore, this compound sealing technique is a very promising sealing method for SOFC.     

Microstructure and electrochemical characterization of solid oxide fuel cells fabricated by co-tape casting

A co-tape casting technique was applied to fabricate electrolyte/anode for solid oxide fuel cells. YSZ and NiO-YSZ powders are raw materials for electrolyte and anode, respectively. Through adjusting the Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) amount in slurry, the co-sintering temperature for electrolyte/anode could be dropped. After being co-sintered at 1400 °C for 5 h, the half-cells with dense electrolytes and large three phase boundaries were obtained. The improved unit cell exhibited a maximum power density of 589 mW cm⁻² at 800 °C. At the voltage of 0.7 V, the current densities of the cell reached 667 mA cm⁻². When the electrolyte and the anode were cast within one step and sintered together at 1250 °C for 5 h and the thickness of electrolyte was controlled exactly at 20 μm, the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the cell could reach 1.11 V at 800 °C and the maximum power densities were 739, 950 and 1222 mW cm⁻² at 750, 800 and 850 °C, respectively, with H₂ as the fuel under a flow rate of 50 sccm and the cathode exposed to the stationary air. Under the voltage of 0.7 V, the current densities of cell were 875, 1126 and 1501 mA cm⁻², respectively. These are attributed to the large anode three phase boundaries and uniform electrolyte obtained under the lower sintering temperature. The electrochemical characteristics of the cells were investigated and discussed.     

配电网高级应用软件及其实用化关键技术

配电网是发展智能电网的重要组成部分,也是短板所在。文中基于配电网实际的自动化水平、运行调度需求和模型特点,分析了配电网高级应用软件的关键技术。介绍了配电网高级应用软件的体系结构和功能组成;梳理了包括三相建模、三相状态估计、三相潮流计算、无功电压控制、网络重构、恢复控制和安全评估等高级应用功能的算法特点和基本思路。简要介绍了现场系统的集成架构,以及若干工程应用功能示例。     

云南电网调度操作安全风险防控辅助决策系统设计

鉴于传统智能操作票可用性低的问题,文章提出了一种以操作系列智能校核为核心的操作安全风险防控系统,包括系统结构及关键技术。该系统把PAS功能模块,诸如拓扑分析、潮流和安全分析等,集成到操作票开票过程中,形成如下完整的图上生成解决方案:操作序列—安全校核—规程校核—翻译成操作指令票—自动模拟—风险评估—辅助决策与可视化展示。还提出了实施规程校核的关键技术,诸如指纹识别技术、知识库及其驱动引擎,并通过总结云南电网相关调度规程形成一套知识规则,实现了调度操作的智能校核。     

氧化铝载体改性及其应用研究进展

氧化铝不仅价格低廉、易获取,且具有多孔性、大比表面积、高分散性、高热稳定性等优点,常用作催化剂载体,广泛应用于工业催化领域。氧化铝的孔结构对工业催化剂性能影响很大。为优化氧化铝载体的性能,对氧化铝的扩孔和添加助剂改性已进行了大量研究。扩孔改性可降低扩散阻力并改善传质、提高活性位点的有效利用率、增强抗结焦性能,进而提高加氢催化的产率;添加助剂改性可有效抑制氧化铝载体高温烧结和相变,防止孔结构被破坏,提高催化剂的寿命。本工作介绍了制备氧化铝的方法?拟薄水铝石脱水法和溶胶?凝胶法,综述了氧化铝的扩孔方法,总结了改性氧化铝载体的最新研究进展,包括自组装法、水热处理法、扩孔剂法;阐述了氧化铝添加助剂的改性方法,包括加入稀土金属氧化物、碱(土)金属氧化物、其它金属氧化物及非金属氧化物。最后,展望了氧化铝未来的研究和发展方向。     

Regulating Electrochemical Kinetics of CoP by Incorporating Oxygen on Surface for High-Performance Li–S Batteries

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are widely studied because of their high theoretical specific capacity and environmental friendliness. However, the further development of Li–S batteries is hindered by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and the sluggish redox kinetics. Since the adsorption and catalytic conversion of LiPSs mainly occur on the surface of the electrocatalyst, regulating the surface structure of electrocatalysts is an advisable strategy to solve the obstacles in Li–S batteries. Herein, CoP nanoparticles with high oxygen content on surface embedded in hollow carbon nanocages (C/O-CoP) is employed to functionalize the separators and the effect of the surface oxygen content of CoP on the electrochemical performance is systematically explored. Increasing the oxygen content on CoP surface can enhance the chemical adsorption to lithium polysulfides and accelerate the redox conversions kinetics of polysulfides. The cell with C/O-CoP modified separator can achieve the capacity of 1033 mAh g⁻¹ and maintain 749 mAh g⁻¹ after 200 cycles at 2 C. Moreover, DFT calculations are used to reveal the enhancement mechanism of oxygen content on surface of CoP in Li–S chemistry. This work offers a new insight into developing high-performance Li–S batteries from the perspective of surface engineering.     

脉冲回波法通信电缆断点测试系统

研究ＡＴ８９Ｃ５２单片机控制的通信电缆断点测试方法,给出了硬、软件的实现方法。     

塔里木盆地石炭系地震地层学研究

塔里木盆地石炭系为该区的主力生油层系。该系地层属半闭塞、局部非正常盐度的台地型滨浅海相沉积。根据层序地层学原理,该套地层可划分为I, Ⅱ两个层序。I层序属下石炭统;Ⅱ层序属上石炭统和下二叠统。I,贾层序又可细分为6个亚层序,即Ia, Ib、Ic。Ⅱa、Ⅱb、Ⅱc亚层序,Ⅱc亚层序属下二叠统。根据各亚层序的地震又射特征,可划分成4种类型的地震相。第I类是平行连续地震相;第Ⅱ类是亚平行较连续地震相;第Ⅲ类是斜交地震相;第Ⅳ类是不规则地震相。这4类地震相又可进一步细分成9个亚类型,并对应有12种沉积相o Ib、Ⅱb层序的海进期开阔台地和局限台地相带为有利生油相带;工。低水位期形成的盆底扇、斜坡扇相带是最好的储集相带,Ib海进初期形成的内碎屑岩、生物碎屑灰岩、针孔云岩所指示的滩相带是较好的储集相带。广泛分布的开阔台地相带、局限台地相带是良好的盖层。石炭系油气勘探有利地区按主次顺序是塔中一巴东地区,麦盖提斜坡中、西部,巴楚隆起,和田一策勒低凸,塔北斜坡和西南拗陷。