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111.
Abstract Integrated water resources planning and management are considered very complex issues. These issues are usually addressed through the multi-sectoral, interdisciplinary and hierarchal decomposition approaches. In general, integrated resource management indicates the consideration of water, social, socio-economic, economic and environmental issues. The current study aims at merging the GIS and Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) techniques for the integrated water resource management of a cropped area. An area of about 120,000 Hectares located in the Northern Nile River Delta area with a coastal zone on the Mediterranean was selected and GIS was applied to represent the area's different environment, social, economic, and water factors. Different randomization cropping pattern distribution scenarios were proposed. Through the merging of GIS and MCE approaches, three scenarios were run and evaluated at three different levels: farm, canal catchment area and whole area. This merging resulted in a very powerful tool for the evaluation of different plans. The merging of GIS and MCE really facilitated the decision making process for these types of integrated water management problems. 相似文献
112.
Flow and heat transfer in biological tissues are analyzed in this investigation. Pertinent works are reviewed in order to show how transport theories in porous media advance the progress in biology. The main concepts studied in this review are transport in porous media using mass diffusion and different convective flow models such as Darcy and the Brinkman models. Energy transport in tissues is also analyzed. Progress in development of the bioheat equation (heat transfer equation in biological tissues) and evaluation of the applications associated with the bioheat equation are analyzed. Prominent examples of diffusive applications and momentum transport by convection are discussed in this work. The theory of porous media for heat transfer in biological tissues is found to be most appropriate since it contains fewer assumptions as compared to different bioheat models. A concept that is related to flow instabilities caused by swimming of microorganisms is also discussed. This concept named bioconvection is different from blood convection inside vessels. The works that consider the possibility of reducing these flow instabilities using porous media are reviewed. 相似文献
113.
Masugi Inoue Khaled Mahmud Homare Murakami Mikio Hasegawa Hiroyuki Morikawa 《Wireless Personal Communications》2005,35(1-2):53-70
A context-based adaptive communication system is introduced for use in heterogeneous networks. Context includes the user's
presence, location, available network interfaces, network availability, network priority, communication status, terminal features,
and installed applications. An experimental system was developed to clarify the feasibility of using context information to
flexibly control networks and applications. The system operates on a seamless networking platform we developed for heterogeneous
networks. By using contexts, the system can inform the caller and callee of applications they can access, which are available
through the network before communication occurs. Changes in contexts can switch an on-going application to another during
actual communication. These functions provide unprecedented styles of communication. A business scenario for a seamless networking
provider is also presented.
Dr. Morikawa has also been in charge of NICT's Mobile Networking Group.
Masugi Inoue received his B.E. from Kyoto University in 1992 and his M.E. and D.E. from the University of Tokyo in 1994 and 1997, all
in the field of Electrical Engineering. He is currently a senior researcher at the Yokosuka Radio Communications Research
Center under the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan, and has been engaged in R&D
on ultrahigh-speed WLANs and mobile networking. He joined the Communications Research Laboratory (CRL) of the Ministry of
Posts and Telecommunications, Japan, in 1997, which was reorganized as NICT in April 2004. He was a visiting researcher at
Polytechnic University in Brooklyn, New York in 2000.
Khaled Mahmud received his B.Sc. (Eng.) in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
in Dhaka in 1991. He received his M.E. and Ph.D. in the same field from Shizuoka University in Japan, in 1997 and 2000, respectively.
He was a research fellow at NICT, Japan, from 2000 to 2004. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer
Science and Engineering at North South University, Bangladesh. His research interests include modulation-demodulation techniques,
software radio, mobile communication systems, wireless Internet, and IP mobility technologies.
Homare Murakami received his B.E. and M.E. in Electronic Engineering from Hokkaido University in 1997 and 1999. In 2004, he received the
Young Investigators Award from IEICE. He is currently a researcher at NICT's Mobile Networking Group. He is also an industrial
PhD student in Aalborg University since 2003. His interest areas are naming scheme, wireless TCP and new transport protocol,
IP mobility, fast handover method, and location management.
Mikio Hasegawa received his B. Eng, M. Eng., and Dr. Eng. in 1995, 1997, and 2000 from Science University of Tokyo. From 1997 to 2000, he
was a Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). He is currently a senior researcher in Mobile
Networking Group, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, and a technical advisor in ChaosWare Inc.
His research interests include applications of chaotic dynamical theory, combinatorial optimization, mobile networks, and
ubiquitous computing.
Hiroyuki Morikawa received his B.E., M.E., and D.E. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Tokyo in 1987, 1989, and 1992. He is currently
an Associate Professor in the Department of Frontier Informatics at the University of Tokyo and is in charge of NICT's Mobile
Networking Group. His research interests are in the areas of computer networks, mobile computing/networks, ubiquitous computing,
and network services. He serves as Editor of Transactions of the IEICE and has been on the technical program committees of
IEEE/ACM conferences and workshops. He sits on numerous telecommunications advisory committees and frequently serves as a
consultant to the government. 相似文献
114.
115.
An experimental investigation was undertaken to evaluate the mechanical behavior of a soil–cement–fly ash composite, reinforced with recycled plastic strips (high-density polyethylene) that were obtained from postconsumer milk and water containers. The primary motivation for the study was to investigate the innovative reuse of several candidate waste materials in geotechnical and pavement applications. The specific objectives of the research were: (1) to evaluate the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength characteristics of the material, and (2) to determine the effectiveness of recycled plastic strips in enhancing the toughness characteristics of the composite. Since cement-stabilized materials are weak in tension, the main focus of the experimental program was to conduct a series of specially instrumented split tensile and flexural tests on mixes containing various amounts of cement, fly ash, and plastic strips. For a meaningful comparison of test results, all specimens were prepared at a constant dry density. The standard ASTM C496 procedure for split tensile test was slightly modified by attaching two horizontal linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) to measure the diametral deformation of the specimen due to compressive loading in an orthogonal direction. This modification enabled the evaluation of the postpeak toughness behavior of the composite. For some specimens, a strain gauge was attached to the middle of the face perpendicular to the loading plane in order to correlate the results with the one found using the LVDTs. All tests were performed with a 90 kN universal testing machine with deformation control. Experimental data show that the soil–cement matrix stabilized with 4% to 10% by weight of fly ash and reinforced with 0.25% to 0.5% (by weight) plastic strips (having lengths of 19 mm or 38 mm) can achieve a maximum compressive strength of 7000 kPa, a split tensile strength of 1000 kPa, and a flexural strength of 1200 kPa. These ranges in strength values are suitable for a high-quality stabilized base course for a highway pavement. To quantify the reinforcing effects in the postpeak region, a dimensionless toughness index is proposed. It is found that the use of fiber reinforcement significantly increases the postpeak load carrying capacity of the mix and thus the fracture energy. It is concluded that the lean cementitious mix containing recycled materials offer a lot of promise as an alternative material for civil engineering construction. 相似文献
116.
K.F. Khaled K. Babi´-Samardžija N. Hackerman 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2004,34(7):697-704
The objective of this work is to provide additional insight on the influence of substituents on heterocyclic piperidine as
acid corrosion inhibitors for iron. This series include piperidine and six derivatives. The inhibiting properties of piperidine
and these derivatives were investigated in 1 M HCl by potentiodynamic polarization (dc) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
measurements, and inhibition was found to increases as 26dp < 35dp < 2mp < 3mp < pip < 4bp < 4mp. Polarization curves suggest
that they can all be considered as mixed-type inhibitors. An attempt to correlate electronic properties of the compounds with
their experimental efficiencies using molecular orbital calculation methods did not show any clear-cut relationship. 相似文献
117.
Khaled Yousfi Rosa M. Cert José M. García 《European Food Research and Technology》2006,223(1):117-124
The effect of fruit ripening on the quality of the oil extracted and on the changes in the amount of phenolic compounds was determined in two olive varieties (Olea europaea, cvs. Arbequina and Picual) in two crop seasons, characterized by showing the same mean temperature and different rainfalls. Maturation level was evaluated using six methods: Harvest date, ripening index (RI), fruit skin colour, fruit firmness, and amount of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the oil. Oil quality, evaluated using the parameters established to determine the quality level of virgin olive oils (acidity, K232, K270, peroxide index, and panel test), was not affected by fruit ripening or by the increase in rainfall of the season. However, the changes in oil stability and phenolic compounds in the oils extracted during fruit ripening strongly differed according to the variety, the maturity level of the fruit and the crop season tested. Fruit skin colour and firmness allowed a better discrimination at the initial maturity stages than the other methods tested. 相似文献
118.
Layer‐by‐Layer Assembled Heteroatom‐Doped Graphene Films with Ultrahigh Volumetric Capacitance and Rate Capability for Micro‐Supercapacitors
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119.
The major purpose of this study was to examine whether estimates of body composition from bioelectrical resistance were systematically biased by obesity and/or gender (using hydrodensitometry as a comparison method). We compared fat-free mass (FFM) by bioelectrical resistance (BR) using 5 equations (Lukaski, Kushner, Rising, Khaled, and Segal) to FFM by hydrodensitometry (HD) in 20 lean men, 30 lean women, 33 obese men and 22 obese women. None of the BR equations was successfully cross-validated against FFM by HD in all 4 sub-groups. The Lukaski equation significantly underestimated FFM in all 4 groups by 2.7 to 4.7 kg; the Kushner equation significantly underestimated FFM by 2.0 to 2.9 kg except in obese women; the Rising equation significantly overestimated FFM in obese women (5.3 kg) and men (2.9 kg); the Khaled equation successfully predicted FFM in all groups except obese men; and the Segal equation successfully predicted FFM in all groups except lean men. In some groups, a portion of the discrepancy could be explained by bias originating from body fat. Analysis of our data by forward regression analysis demonstrated that height2/resistance, body weight, gender and suprailiac skinfold thickness provide the most accurate estimates of FFM (R2 = 0.92; SEE = 3.58 kg) that are free of bias originating from gender and body fat. We conclude that the estimation of fat-free mass by BR is significantly influenced by gender and obesity. An alternative equation is proposed for estimating fat-free mass based on measurement of height2/resistance, body weight, gender and suprailiac skinfold thickness. 相似文献
120.
I Kabir MM Rahman R Haider RN Mazumder MA Khaled D Mahalanabis 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,128(10):1688-1691
The impact of dietary supplementation on catch-up growth was evaluated in 69 malnourished children ages 24-60 mo after recovery from shigellosis. They were fed either a high-protein (HP) diet with 15% of energy as protein, or a standard-protein (SP) diet with 7.5% energy as protein, for 3 wk in a metabolic study ward. Children were followed up bi-weekly for 6 mo by trained health assistants when anthropometric measurements and information of any illness were collected. Thirty-one children in the HP group and 28 children in the SP group completed 6-mo follow-up. The increase in height (mean +/- SD) was 5.3 +/- 1.0 cm vs. 4.1 +/- 1.1 cm for HP and SP groups, respectively (P < 0.001), whereas increase in body weight was 1.39 +/- 0.58 and 1.29 +/- 0.72 kg for children fed HP and SP, respectively (P = 0.59). The proportion of children who were severely stunted (< -2 SD height-for-age) decreased from 45 to 29% in the HP group compared to 50 to 46% in the SP group (P < 0.05) at 6-mo follow-up. The number of diarrheal episodes per child tended to be lower in the HP vs. SP than in the SP group (1.9 vs. 2.3, P = 0.41). These results demonstrate that feeding an HP diet to the malnourished children during recovery from shigellosis enhanced linear growth with a modest reduction in diarrheal morbidity during the 6-mo follow-up period. 相似文献