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111.
The nanocomposite Cr-Cu-N thin films have been deposited at a substrate temperature of 250 °C by a bipolar asymmetric pulsed DC reactive magnetron sputtering process. Different Cu contents ranging from 0.4 to 14.9 at.% were achieved. The structures of Cr-Cu-N thin films were analyzed by XRD. The surface and cross sectional morphologies of thin films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanoindentation and scratch tests were adopted to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of Cr-Cu-N coatings. The influences of Cu content on the structure, mechanical and tribological properties of Cr-Cu-N coatings were explored. It is observed that the columnar structure no longer exists when the Cu content exceeds 10.9 at.%. The stability of CrN phase in the coating is influenced by the Cu content. The scratching coefficient of thin films decreases with increasing Cu content. Sufficient adhesion and tribological properties of Cr-Cu-N coatings are achieved. The maximum average hardness around 20 GPa and scratching coefficient around 0.1 are found in the coatings with around 2.1 to 2.6 at.% Cu in this work. 相似文献
112.
Surface hardening of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was achieved by carburization in a molten salt bath containing BaCO3 as the carbon-yielding agent with electrolysis within the temperature range 790–930°C. The hardness of the total carburizing layer (TCD) is influenced by the bath temperature, the applied current density and the carburizing period. The major hardening effect is considered to be the formation of a solid solution of carbon in -Ti. The oxide film wrapping at the outermost surface of cathodically charged specimens, identified to be mainly BaTiO3, was formed irrespective of the bath temperature during the quenching process and has no effect on the surface hardening. The optimal carburizing parameters obtained in this study for surface hardening are carburizing at 930±10°C (bath temperature) and 0.3 A/Cm2 (applied current density) for 90 min (carburizing period), while those for tribological properties improvement are carburizing at 860±5°C and 0.3 A/Cm2 for 90 min. 相似文献
113.
An investigation on the hot extrusion process of magnesium alloy sheet 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
This study investigates the hot extrusion of magnesium alloy sheets at various temperatures, material, speed and lubricant. A multi-speed method is applied to extrude a magnesium alloy sheet at a high extrusion ratio. The experimental results are analyzed to optimize the processing conditions, increase the tensile strength and reduce the extrusion load on the magnesium alloy thin sheet. Nowadays, most magnesium alloy products are manufactured by industrial die casting. Hot extrusion is seldom used to finish magnesium products because the extrusion speed, temperature and extrusion load significantly effect the properties of the product. In this study, the Taguchi experimental method with the orthogonal array is applied. ANOVA is used to investigate how parameters affect the extrusion process. All possible mechanical properties of the product are analyzed to obtain the optimal process parameters. In addition, magnesium alloys with different compositions are experimentally tested to determine the mechanical properties of the extruded product and obtain the relationship between the process parameters and the properties of the material. 相似文献
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Kuo‐Chung Huang Yi‐Heng Chou Lang‐chin Lin Hoang Yan Lin Fu‐Hao Chen Ching‐Chiu Liao Yi‐Han Chen Kuen Lee Wan‐Hsuan Hsu 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2013,21(6):263-270
The optimal viewing distance was proposed as a parameter for designing a parallax barrier 3D display. It can be designed based on simple geometric method and by considering the pitches of image display pixels and parallax barrier, or even including the aperture ratios of the image display pixels and parallax barrier. It can be analyzed by using ray tracing method. By considering the optical refraction index of the cover glass, the angular behavior of the system becomes more realistic; however, the geometric method is difficult to be used. We propose a revised method for estimating the view distance and angular behavior. In this paper, we have demonstrated a designated eye position (DEP) for each view and shown that multiple DEPs make a circular curve around the center of the display. We prove the new concept by comparing the optical ray tracing calculations and optical measurement. 相似文献
117.
This study compared the mounting time and strain on the head‐neck while using an old model (forehead and cheek supported) and a new model (head harness supported) of head‐mounted night vision goggle systems in the postures of standing, sitting, and lying prone. The results showed that effectively reducing the mounting time was attributed to the ease and less time required for length adjustments of the head harness in the new model. The novel device received higher positive subjective ratings for convenience and comfort while wearing than did the old model. Although the weight of the new model was decreased to 0.794 kg and the length was reduced to 0.155 m, the loads on the head‐neck complex remained high. These findings suggest that a rifle should be fitted with the night vision goggle or handheld model to decrease neck‐shoulder workload if the prone position is the most frequent and important posture for soldiers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
118.
Using simulation and multi-criteria methods to provide robust solutions to dispatching problems in a flow shop with multiple processors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yiyo Kuo Taho Yang Chiwoon Cho Yao-Ching Tseng 《Mathematics and computers in simulation》2008,78(1):40-56
Dispatching rules are important to the performance of a manufacturing system. Selective applications of different priority rules at different processing stages in a multiple workstation manufacturing system have a positive impact on shop performance. This type of problem is a combinatorial dispatching decision. However, no dispatching rule can consistently produce better performance than all other rules under a variety of operating conditions and criteria. It is the purpose of this study to provide a robust solution for a dispatching decision that will have ‘good’ performance under different operating scenarios. In this paper a simulation case of a flow shop with multiple processors is proposed, specifically a multi-layer ceramic capacitor manufacturing system. Two multiple criteria decision-making methods – techniques for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) – in combination with Taguchi orthogonal array are used to find the most suitable dispatching rule for every workstation. The results show that for 15 production scenarios and 4 criteria this combinatorial dispatching rule is robust, in the sense that it outperforms other commonly employed strategies. 相似文献
119.
A robust fuzzy output sliding control for nonlinear robotic arms is proposed in this paper. The proposed method not only retains
the advantages of the conventional sliding mode control such as robustness against parameter variations and external disturbances,
but also uses measurable output signals to define the sliding surface function. A fuzzy controller is developed to modify
the control law to avoid state measurement. Control system stability is proved by using the Lyapunov stability theorem. The
system robustness is guaranteed. Simulations results demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method for
uncertain nonlinear robotic arms. 相似文献
120.
AMESim仿真技术在航空动力控制系统中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对航空动力机械液压式控制系统结构复杂,建模困难的问题,分析了AMESim仿真软件在航空动力控制系统建模仿真中的优势;以航空发动机机械液压控制器的压差控制器为例,应用AMESim建模仿真技术,使用图形化建模方法建立了系统的仿真模型,分析了压差控制器的性能以及重要参数对系统性能的影响.结果表明,应用AMESim建立的航空动力控制系统模型可读性好,可修改性好,可观测性强,仿真结果具有很高的精确度. 相似文献