溴化十六烷基三甲基铵胶束高效液相色谱的研究和应用

研究了苯、苯胺、苯酚和甲苯在以溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTAB)水溶液为移动相,YWG-NH_2为固定相时的保留行为。当柱温为45℃、移动相组成为5%正丙醇(或9%乙醇)的0.03mol/L CTAB 时,苯、苯胺、苯酚和甲苯分离最佳。还计算了溶质传质过程的焓值及其在水、胶束、固定相间的分配系数。     

安徽省农业旱灾脆弱性综合分析与评价

旱灾是影响安徽省农业特别是粮食生产可持续发展的重要制约因素。在相同致灾强度下,灾情会随灾害脆弱性的增强而加重,因此,研究农业旱灾脆弱性对安徽省防灾减灾和农业可持续发展具有特别重要意义。根据影响旱灾脆弱性的因素和指标体系选取的原则,选择了旱灾面积比、森林覆盖率、农村人均收入等9个指标,采用加权综合评价方法对各市旱灾脆弱性进行分析,并利用聚类分析方法进行旱灾脆弱性区划。结果表明,除合肥市、阜阳市、池州市、宿州市和黄山市5个市需要采取措施降低旱灾脆弱度外,安徽省总体上农业旱灾脆弱性较弱,有较强的抗旱承灾能力。     

无位置信息的无线传感器网络漏洞发现算法*

无线传感器网络广泛应用的前提是能够检监测目标区域特定事件的发生。而节点能量受限、难补给的特点导致监测性能难以保证,造成监测盲区出现。针对无线传感器网络节点的地理位置信息未知的情况进行了研究,提出覆盖漏洞发现算法CHDA (Coverage Holes Discovery Algorithm),在以节点为极点建立的极坐标中计算出相邻节点的相对位置信息和该节点被其邻居节点覆盖的边缘弧的信息,并且根据节点的单纯覆盖弧序列的定义计算出节点被其邻居节点覆盖的单纯覆盖弧序列,从而得到网络中的覆盖漏洞。覆盖漏洞的发现克服的地理位置信息未知的限制,为漏洞的修补提供了必要的前提条件进而保证传感器网络的覆盖率。     

A power spectrum optimization algorithm inspired by magnetotactic bacteria

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are one kind of bacteria with magnetic particles called magnetosomes in their bodies. These particles often connect together like a chain. The MTB move toward the ideal living conditions under the interaction between magnetic field produced by the magnetic particles chain and that of the earth. In the paper, a new magnetic bacteria algorithm based on power spectrum (PSMBA) for optimization is proposed. The candidate solutions are decided by power spectrum in the algorithm. It mainly includes four steps: power spectrum calculation, bacteria swimming, bacteria rotation and bacteria replacement. The effect of swimming schemes and parameter settings on the performance of PSMBA is studied. And it is compared with GA, PSO and its variants and some other optimization algorithms on 25 benchmark functions including CEC2005. The simulation results show that PSMBA has better performance on most of the problems than most of the compared algorithms.     

微库仑法测定乙苯中的微量硫

以脱硫后的正庚烷为溶剂,采用微库仑法测定乙苯中微量硫的最佳条件为:氩气/氧气为160/40(体积比),进样速度5μL/min,预热温度420℃,燃烧温度760℃,出口区温度640℃,电解液用二次脱盐水配制。微库仑法的准确度和精密度均高于国际标准(ISO)的氢氧焰法。     

铬渣-水泥体系的性能及Cr(Ⅵ)渗出的控制研究

本文探讨了铬渣的胶凝活性，研究了不同掺量铬渣对水泥浆体性能的影响。同时，通过矿渣微粉的掺入，探讨了矿粉对铬渣一水泥体系性能的影响厦其对其Cr（Ⅵ）浸出的控制作用。结果表明，铬渣具有良好的胶凝活性，矿渣微粉的复合掺入对Cr（Ⅵ）的浸出有良好的控制作用。     

单晶金刚石膜与多晶金刚石膜的制备工艺及性能

本文主要介绍了用微波等离子体化学气相沉积法(以下简称MP CVD法)以甲醇-氢气混合气和丙酮-氢气混合气为源气体,分别以单晶硅的(111)面和人造金刚石的(100)面为衬底材料,制备出了面积为20mm×20mm厚为10μm的多晶金刚石膜和面积为1.0mm×1.0mm厚为5μm的单晶金刚石膜。通过试验发现,源气体配比和衬底温度对薄膜质量起决定性作用。另外,衬底在反应腔中的位置对薄膜的生成也有很大影响。单晶金刚石膜制备过程中衬底金刚石的晶体取向与金刚石薄膜的生长及质量有密切的关系。在金刚石的(100),(110)和(111)面上分别获得了单晶金刚石膜和金刚石多晶粒子。选用扫描电镜、显微激光拉曼、反射电子衍射对多晶金刚石膜及单晶金刚石膜的性能进行了测试。     

A Stochastic Optimization Model to Reduce Expected Post-Disaster Response Time Through Pre-Disaster Investment Decisions

This paper seeks to enhance network survivability under a disaster and reduce the expected post-disaster response time for transportation networks through pre-disaster investment decisions. The planning focuses on determining the links of the network to strengthen through investment under two types of uncertainties: the disaster characteristics, and the surviving network under each disaster. A bi-level stochastic optimization model is proposed for this problem, in which link investment decisions are made at the upper level to enhance the network survivability subject to a budget constraint such that the expected post-disaster response time is minimized at the lower level. A two-stage heuristic algorithm is proposed to obtain effective solutions efficiently. The numerical experiments indicate that the proposed heuristic algorithm converges to a fixed point representing a feasible solution, within an acceptable tolerance level, of the bi-level stochastic optimization model which is an effective solution under disasters of moderate severity. Parametric and sensitivity analyses reinforce the need for a holistic approach that integrates multiple relevant considerations to determine the link investment decisions.     

不同氧磷比对磷酸盐包边玻璃性质的影响规律

包边技术是提高大尺寸激光玻璃饱和增益系数的关键技术.采用传统的方法熔制玻璃,研究了P2O5含量对P2O5-Al2O3-B2O3-CuCl-Na2O-ZnO磷酸盐包边玻璃的折射率、热膨胀系数、玻璃转变温度、膨胀软化温度以及化学稳定性的影响.结果表明:当P2O5的摩尔分数为60%左右,玻璃样品具有最高的折射率(1.5220)、最低的玻璃转变温度(352.4℃)、较好的化学稳定性[0.52mg/(cm2·d)]和适宜的热膨胀系数(128.427×10-7/℃),是用作钕磷酸盐激光玻璃硬包边的理想材料.     

量块快速检测仪的使用保养及常见故障处理概述

LK型系列量块快速检测仪是一种新型量块测量仪器。该仪器成功地将传感器应用于精密量块检测上,系统稳定、可靠,测量的重复性好,具有多种智能功能,从而提高了量块检测的精度和效率,减轻了检测人员的劳动强度,用户可以从数字显示屏读取测量数据,也可以利用仪器配置的标准通讯接口与计算机连接,对测试结果进行数据处理,从而更为有效地保证了测量数据的可靠性。