对抗航母——巡航导弹优于弹道导弹

分析比较了反航母战斗群主战装备的两种方案，对巡航／飞航导弹和精确制导弹道导弹的反航母作战能力进行了分析．通过分析，指出巡航／飞航导弹仍是反航母战斗群的主战装备，必须从新军事变革发展趋势和国情出发，紧紧把握重要战略机遇期，争取巡航／飞航导弹的跨越性发展；同时，反航母战斗群作战需要巡航／飞航导弹主战装备与精确制导弹道导弹等其它弹种的合理配置，共同构建反航母战斗群的多层次、优配置的立体进攻体系。     

激光半主动制导武器波门宽度优化仿真研究

针对激光制导武器固定波门易受脉间不确定性累计偏差的影响,实时波门易受激光超前转发干扰的现象,利用单个脉冲不确定性发生概率,建立累计偏差的概率密度分布模型,计算超出典型波门宽度的最大脉冲个数,作为消除脉间不确定性累计误差的固定波门宽度选取原则,利用实时波门内单个脉冲的概率分布密度,建立超前转发干扰模型,仿真不同超前量干扰概率,得出实时波门宽度的选取原则。仿真结果对激光制导武器波门宽度优化设置具有借鉴意义。     

3D打印技术及其军事应用发展动态

阐述了3D打印技术的基本概念与不同工艺采用的材料,对3D打印技术在航天航空、武器装备制造、消费电子产品等领域的发展概况进行了概述。同时,对3D打印设备的世界分布情况进行了统计,分别从武器装备受损部件修复和复杂结构部件生产两方面对3D打印技术在军事领域的应用进行了介绍。跟踪和梳理了国外3D打印技术的发展动态。     

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell contamination: Testing and diagnosis of toluene-induced cathode degradation

The effects of toluene contamination on the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells were investigated, using various levels of toluene concentration in the air streams, under different operational conditions and with different catalyst loadings. Constant-current polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted to analyze the poisoning behaviour of toluene. The severity of the contamination effect increased with an increase in both the current density and the toluene concentration, but decreased with an increase in both the relative humidity (RH) and the cathode-side Pt loading. The toluene-poisoned fuel cell could not be fully recovered by replacing toluene-contaminated air with pure air. EIS measurements revealed that both kinetic resistance and mass transfer resistance increased as a result of toluene contamination, while membrane resistance remained unchanged. However, the increase in kinetic resistance was a major contributor to cell performance degradation.     

急症动脉栓塞治疗难治性产后出血疗效评价

目的评价急症经导管动脉栓塞术（TAE）治疗难治性产后出血的疗效及安全性。方法临床２５例难治性产后出血患者,采用右股动脉Seldinger穿刺技术,选择性插管至双侧髂内动脉或子宫动脉,行DSA明确出血部位后以明胶海绵颗粒栓塞。结果插管成功率１００％,手术时间２５～６０min,平均（４２．５±４．６）min,术后止血时间３～１５min。术后止血总有效率１００％。比较术前术后患者血红蛋白及心率,差异具有显著性（t＝２９．４９,P＜０．０１;t＝１６．５１,P＜０．０１）。所有患者宫体按期复旧,转经后月经正常。结论TAE创伤小,疗效快速肯定,术后短期及长期随访无严重并发症,对危及生命的产后出血是一种有效治疗措施。     

Nano-sized SnSbCux alloy anodes prepared by co-precipitation for Li-ion batteries

Nano-sized SnSbCu_x alloy anode materials are prepared by reductive co-precipitation method combining with the aging treatment in water bath at 80 °C. The microstructure, morphology and electrochemical properties of synthesized SnSbCu_x alloy powders are evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and galvanostatical cycling tests. The results indicate that the average particle size is reduced and the Cu₆Sn₅, Cu₂Sb phases appear successively along with the increase of Cu content in the SnSbCu_x alloy. The reduction of average particle size, the existence of inactive element Cu and the complex multi-step reaction mechanism in SnSbCu_x alloy anodes are propitious to improve the structure stability and thus improve the cycling performance. When cycled at a constant current density of 0.1 mA cm⁻² between 0.02 and 1.50 V, the coulomb efficiency of first cycle exceeds 74% and the reversible capacity of 20th cycle attains to 490 mAh g⁻¹ in SnSbCu_0.5 alloy anode.     

Preparation and characterization of 18650 Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2/graphite high power batteries

The commercial 18650 Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)O₂/graphite high power batteries were prepared and their electrochemical performance at temperatures of 25 and 50 °C was extensively investigated. The results showed that the charge-transfer resistance (R_ct) and solid electrolyte interface resistance (R_sei) of the high power batteries at 25 °C decreased as states of charge (SOC) increased from 0 to 60%, whereas R_ct and R_sei increased as SOC increased from 60 to 100%. The discharge plateau voltage of batteries reduced greatly with the increase in discharge rate at both 25 and 50 °C. The high power batteries could be discharged at a very wide current range to deliver most of their capacity and also showed excellent power cycling performance with discharge rate of as high as 10 C at 25 °C. The elevated working temperature did not influence the battery discharge capacity and cycling performance at lower discharge rates (e.g. 0.5, 1, and 5 C), while it resulted in lower discharge capacity at higher discharge rates (e.g. 10 and 15 C) and bad cycling performance at discharge rate of 10 C. The batteries also exhibited excellent cycle performance at charge rate of as high as 8 C and discharge rate of 10 C.     

Voltage jump during polarization of a PEM fuel cell operated at low relative humidities

A PEM fuel cell with a Nafion 211 membrane-based membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was tested with an H₂/air stoichiometry of 2/4 at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% relative humidities. A voltage jump on the polarization curve was observed when the cell was operated at a lower humidity. This phenomenon may be explained by the water back-diffusion from the cathode into the membrane resulting in both a non-uniform water distribution in the membrane and a liquid-equilibrated interface between the membrane and the anode catalyst layer. Experimental results obtained by AC impedance spectroscopy measuring the MEA resistance (membrane+catalyst ionomer layers) at different current densities as well as collected polarization data at high feed-gas flow rates (or at low backpressures) and high temperatures all confirmed the validity of the proposed water back-diffusion hypothesis.     

滩浅海大型浮托组块的装船设计方法

以某滩浅海域的大型浮托组块为例,进行组块装船设计研究。使用结构计算软件SACS建立上部组块装船分析模型,对组块结构在装船设计载荷的作用下进行强度校核。采用有限元软件Abaqus对滑靴进行受力分析,确保滑靴强度满足要求。使用海上浮体设计软件MOSES校核装载船舶的稳性,说明该装船方案能有效满足组块浮托法安装的要求。研究结果可为后续国内外海洋平台大型组块等结构物的浅水区域装船设计提供技术支持与参考依据。     

川东地区中二叠统茅口组一段储层特征与形成模式

川东地区中二叠统茅口组一段（茅一段）非常规泥质灰岩储层近期取得重大勘探发现。基于野外露头剖面及钻井岩心观察,通过薄片鉴定、物性分析、X射线衍射、氮气吸附、氩离子抛光扫描电镜、总有机碳含量（TOC）测定、CT扫描以及测井分析等手段,对茅一段泥质灰岩储层及其主控因素进行研究。结果表明,川东地区茅一段主要发育泥晶灰岩、泥晶生屑灰岩、生屑泥晶灰岩和（含）泥质生屑泥晶灰岩等4种岩石类型以及粒缘孔（缝）、有机质孔、溶孔（缝）、裂缝、滑石收缩孔（缝）等5类储集空间。其中,泥晶灰岩和泥晶生屑灰岩孔隙度低,有机质含量低,储集性能差;生屑泥晶灰岩和（含）泥质生屑泥晶灰岩孔隙度高,有机质含量高,储集性能好。茅一段储层受岩相、有机质丰度和成岩作用的综合控制,生屑泥晶灰岩微相和（含）泥质生屑泥晶灰岩微相中的原始孔隙发育好且富含粘土矿物;粘土矿物转化形成的粘土微孔和有机质孔为茅一段主要的储集空间;白云石化作用和溶蚀作用为茅一段提供了部分储集空间。基于此,提出茅一段优质储层发育模式：沉积期,由于原始组构差异,生屑泥晶灰岩和（含）泥质生屑泥晶灰岩中的原始孔隙发育;中-深埋藏期,海泡石发生成岩转化,形成粘土微孔和有机质孔,同时释放富镁成岩流体,发生白云石化;深埋藏期,酸性流体进一步改造储层,使生屑泥晶灰岩和（含）泥质生屑灰岩储层发育为优质储层。