Hydrated Bi-Ti-Bimetal Ethylene Glycol: A New High-Capacity and Stable Anode Material for Potassium-Ion Batteries

Potassium-ion batteries have emerged not only as low-cost alternatives to lithium-ion batteries, but also as high-voltage energy storage systems. However, their development is still encumbered by the scarcity of high-performance electrode materials that can endure successive potassium-ion uptake. Herein, a hydrated Bi-Ti bimetallic ethylene glycol (H-Bi-Ti-EG) compound is reported as a new high-capacity and stable anode material for potassium storage. H-Bi-Ti-EG possesses a long-range disordered layered framework, which helps to facilitate electrolyte ingress into the entire Bi nanoparticles. A suite of spectroscopic analyses reveals the in situ formation Bi nanoparticles within the organic polymer matrix, which can alleviate stresses caused by the huge volume expansion/contraction during deep cycles, thereby maintaining the superior structural integrity of H-Bi-Ti-EG organic anode. As expected, H-Bi-Ti-EG anode exhibits a high capacity and superior long-term cycling stability. Importantly for potassium storage, it can be cycled at current densities of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 Ag⁻¹ for 800, 700, 1000, and even 6000 cycles, retaining charging capacities of 361, 206, 185, and 85.8 mAh g⁻¹, respectively. The scalable synthetic method along with the outstanding electrochemical performance of hydrated Bi-Ti-EG, which is superior to other reported Bi-based anode materials, places it as a promising anode material for high-performance potassium storage.     

Balancing MXene Surface Termination and Interlayer Spacing Enables Superior Microwave Absorption

Surface chemistry and interlayer engineering determines the electrical properties of 2D MXene. However, it remains challenging to regulate the surface and interfacial chemistry of MXene simultaneously. Herein, simultaneous modulation of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene surface termination and layer spacing by alkali treatment are achieved. The electrical and electromagnetic properties of Ti₃C₂T_x are investigated in detail with respect to KOH and ammonia concentration dependence. A high concentration of KOH caused the Ti₃C₂T_x layer spacing to expand to 13.7 Å and the surface O/F ratio to increase to 33.84. Because of its weaker ionization effect, ammonia provides finer tuning compared to the drastic intercalation of KOH with a thorough sweeping of the F-containing groups. Ti₃C₂T_x is enriched with conductive -OH termination after ammonia treatment, which achieves an effective balance with the increased interlayer resistance. Therefore, NH₃H₂O-Ti₃C₂T_x achieves broad-band impedance matching and exhibits an efficient microwave loss of −49.1 dB at a low thickness of 1.7 mm, with an effective frequency bandwidth of 3.9 GHz. The results herein optimize the electrical properties of Ti₃C₂T_x using surface and interfacial chemistry to achieve broad microwave absorption, providing a framework for enhancing the electromagnetic wave loss of intrinsic MXene.     

Design of a Compact Ka-band Balanced Mixer Based on a Novel Wide-band Equivalent Circuit of the Schottky Diode

A compact Ka-band balanced mixer based on a novel Schottky diode model is presented in this paper. According to its physical structure, a novel 3D electromagnetic model of the Schottky diode is proposed. Meanwhile, a wide-band equivalent circuit is built, which takes all high frequency effects existing in the diode into account. All the parasitic reactances are extracted from the electromagnetic model-based S-parameters up to 110 GHz. Based on the proposed equivalent circuit, a Ka-band balanced mixer is designed and optimized, where bandpass filters with open stubs and a lowpass filter based on defected ground structure cells are used. The measured results show that the conversion loss is below 9 dB from 30 GHz to 40 GHz with the minimum of 6.7 dB at 35 GHz. The normalized size of the mixer is only 3.3λ _g  × 3.3λ _g , whereλ _g is the wavelength at 35 GHz.     

基于MapReduce的术语权重计算方法研究

术语识别在本体构建、词典构建等领域应用广泛,而术语权重计算是术语识别中的关键步骤。本文通过改进TF-IDF公式,将组成术语词条的长度作为权重因素之一,同时考虑术语在文档集中的领域相关性。整个过程基于MapReduce编程模型实现,在Hadoop云平台中以分布式方式计算候选领域术语的权重。实验结果表明,该方法不仅简化了术语权重计算的实施步骤,也提高了算法执行效率。     

基于DSP+FPGA的飞机防滑刹车控制器系统设计

刹车控制器是飞机刹车系统的核心部件,其功能是控制液压电磁阀和压力伺服阀输出刹车压力,为飞机着陆滑跑提供刹车制动和防滑控制,实现各种不同模式的刹车功能.刹车控制器的性能优劣将会直接影响到飞机的刹车性能乃至飞机的安全.文章介绍了一种刹车控制器的设计与实现.此刹车控制器选用DSP作为主控处理器,用来控制刹车控制器离散量和模拟量接口电路,选用FPGA作为总线和轮速采集控制.此产品已成功在飞机上应用,工作稳定可靠,因此具有较高的参考性.     

新型共直流母线高压变频器

针对电机叠频试验容易产生较大的有功功率低频波动,在弱电网条件下对电网造成污染导致电网上其他设备无法正常工作,提出了一种新型共直流母线的高压变频器。其整流侧采用移相变压器加二极管整流方案,通过电容串联建立高压直流母线,直流母线储存能量使其不回馈至电网,特别适用于弱电网下的电机叠频试验;逆变侧采用MMC逆变器(Modular Multilevel Converter),通过平衡控制策略达到模块电压平衡,环流抑制的效果。最后应用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建系统的仿真模型,证实了方案的可行性。     

Multiple layer design for mass data transmission against channel congestion in IoT

Internet of Things (IoT) is well studied from many aspects; however, data transmission in a large‐scale constructed IoT network is still an open topic. In this paper, the problems of channel congestion caused by mass data transmission are discussed respectively from different perspectives. Then, a multiple layer solution is proposed, pointing to each layer including data processing architecture, data dimension reduction, data abandon protocol, and spectrum sharing. In the architecture layer, a combined scheme with cloud computing and sea computing is introduced. Context awareness and granular computing is exploited to implement the data dimension reduction. And cognitive protocol is involved with type of service, which drops certain data to guarantee the entire network connectivity. Then, a principal–agent theory based two‐step game model is proposed with the consideration of cooperation and price coefficient, which affect the secondary user's choice and primary user's profit. Some incomplete information is assumed as random variables so that certainty equivalent is introduced in the model. A simple scenario shows how the data dimension reduction works and how simulations for data abandon protocol and spectrum sharing test the two parts, respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

车载搜索雷达波束稳定及坐标系转换

搜索波束稳定技术及相关坐标系转换是装备了车载搜索雷达的自行防空武器系统的关键技术之一.搜索波束稳定是指车载搜索雷达在车体倾斜状态下工作时,搜索波束俯仰起始位置与大地水平面的夹角保持不变.否则会出现遗漏搜索空域的现象.进行坐标系转换是由于搜索雷达直接测量的目标信息是搜索雷达坐标系下的,而输出到操控终端和显示终端的目标信息是大地坐标系下的,所以要进行搜索雷达坐标系到大地坐标系间的转换.