紫色马铃薯酒发酵工艺优化及主发酵期花青素与色泽的动态变化

以紫色马铃薯为原料，在单因素的基础上，通过响应面法对紫色马铃薯酒的发酵工艺参数进行优化。最佳发酵工艺参数为:马铃薯与面粉比1:0.6、料水比1:1 (g/mL)、α-淀粉酶添加量8.5 U/g、酒曲添加量0.45%。此工艺在28 ℃下发酵14 d，得到的紫色马铃薯酒酒精度13.5%vol，花青素含量166.34 mg/mL，酒体澄清透明呈紫红色，酸甜适中，有独特酒香，综合感官评定得分90分。测定主发酵期花青素和色泽的动态变化，分析表明，紫色马铃薯酒在发酵过程中花青素呈现先上升后下降的趋势，色度呈现先下降后趋于平缓的趋势，色调则与之相反。聚合色度和褐变指数总体均呈现逐渐上升的趋势。试验结果为工业化生产紫色马铃薯酒提供理论依据。     

渣油催化临氢热转化钼铁双金属催化剂的研究

Replacement of precious single metal catalysts with cost-effective, highly-dispersed composite catalysts for catalytic hydrothermal conversion of residue holds tremendous promise for the residue upgrading technologies. Organic metals were added to the feed as the oil-soluble precursors, and transformed into the catalytic active phases in this work. Physical properties and structures of the composite catalysts had been investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy. The composite catalysts were found to be highly efficient in the catalytic hydrothermal conversion of both model compound and residue. Increased metal dispersion and synergistic effects of two metals played indispensable roles in such catalytic system. Results showed that under the test conditions in the article, the catalyst had the best catalytic performance when the mass ratio of molybdenum to iron was 1.5.     

基于Freescale的水质氨氮检测系统的设计

针对水质污染情况的严重性和水质主要污染源之一的氨氮缺乏实时检测的情况，设计了一套基于Freescale单片机芯片的水质氨氮检测系统，可以实时和快速地计算出水质中氨氮的含量。检测系统的硬件部分设计主要包括微处理器模块、温度控制模块、存储模块、信号采集模块以及通信模块的电路设计，软件部分对不同的模块进行程序设计以及上位机软件平台的开发。最后对整个系统进行实验测试，实验结果表明检测系统可以满足氨氮检测的精度要求。     

Supramolecular Glyco‐nanoparticles Toward Immunological Applications

Glyco‐mimicking nanoparticles (glyco‐NPs) with Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor and acceptor groups formed via dynamic covalent bond of benzoboroxole and sugar from two complementary polymers are prepared. The glyco‐NPs are proved to be quite stable under physiological conditions but sensitive to pH. So the glyco‐NPs can be internalized by dendritic cells with integrity and nontoxicity and then dissociate within the acidic organelles. This particle dissociation is directly observed and visualized in vitro, for the first time via the FRET measurements and fluorescent microscopy. This feature makes controlled release of drug or protein by glyco‐NPs possible, i.e., when model antigen Ovalbumin is loaded in the glyco‐NPs, the released Ovalbumin in dendritic cells stimulates T cells more efficiently than the free Ovalbumin itself as a result of the enhanced antigen processing and presentation. Thus, the results enlighten a bright future of the glyco‐NPs in immunotherapy.     

Visual Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate by Taylor Rising: A Simple Point-of-Care Testing Method Based on Rolling Circle Amplification

Rapid and sensitive point-of-care testing (POCT) is an extremely critical mission in practical applications, especially for rigorous military medicine, home health care, and in the third world. Here, we report a visual POCT method for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection based on Taylor rising in the corner of quadratic geometries between two rod surfaces. We discuss the principle of Taylor rising, demonstrating that it is significantly influenced by contact angle, surface tension, and density of the sample, which are controlled by ATP-dependent rolling circle amplification (RCA). In the presence of ATP, RCA reaction effectively suppresses Taylor-rising behavior, due to the increased contact angle, density, and decreased surface tension. Without addition of ATP, untriggered RCA reaction is favorable for Taylor rising, resulting in a significant height. With this proposed method, visual sensitive detection of ATP without the aid of other instruments is realized with only a 5 μL droplet, which has good selectivity and a low detection limit (17 nM). Importantly, this visual method provides a promising POCT tool for user-friendly molecular diagnostics.     

开关磁阻直线电机的设计及其推力优化

设计了一种开关磁阻直线电机,使用JMAG软件对其进行了仿真和优化。进行了推力公式的推导,研究了导通顺序和初始位置对电机推力的影响,并分析了三种典型情况的磁力线分布。对电机的定子和动子的齿部和轭部高度、宽度及铁耗进行仿真优化,得出了最优参数。将有取向硅钢应用于该电机,研究了推力与轧制角的关系,并与使用普通硅钢的开关磁阻直线电机进行了对比,推力有一定提升。提出在动子齿部开切向槽的方案,结果表明,开切向槽对推力的影响较小,并能显著减小推力波动。     

超声波探伤在铝合金中厚板检测中的应用

文章介绍了铝合金中厚板内部的常见缺陷,比较了超声波探伤铝合金中厚板的常用方法,展望了铝板超声波探伤未来的发展。     

Microwave dielectric properties of SrLa[Ga1−x(Mg0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 and SrLa[Ga1−x(Zn0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 (x = 0.2-0.8) ceramics

SrLa[Ga_1−x(R_0.5Ti_0.5)_x]O₄ (R = Mg, Zn) ceramics were prepared by a standard solid state sintering method. The single-phase ceramics with K₂NiF₄-type layered perovskite structure and I4/mmm space group were obtained, indicating that SrLa(R_0.5Ti_0.5) and SrLaGaO₄ can form the unlimited solid solutions. With increasing x for R = Mg and Zn, ε_r increases monotonously, the Qf value first increases and then decreases, while τ_f increases from a negative to a positive value. The optimized microwave dielectric properties were obtained as following: ε_r = 23.3, Qf = 89 400 GHz, τ_f = −0.8 ppm/°C for SrLa[Ga_0.6(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)_0.4]O₄ and ε_r = 23.3, Qf = 76 200 GHz, τ_f = 0.2 ppm/°C for SrLa[Ga_0.7(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)_0.3]O₄, indicating that the present solid solution ceramics are the promising candidates as microwave resonator materials for the telecommunication applications.     

子母车系统效率分析与验证

在子母车系统中,研究一台母车配合两台子车在同层进行复合作业的效率问题,提高系统作业效率计算的准确性,优化系统整体布局和物流设备的选择。首先分析一台母车配合两台子车在同层的循环复合作业过程;然后结合子母车的运动特性得到其作业效率计算模型;最后采用MATLAB工具计算效率模型分别在随机组合作业对和FEM9.851标准作业对的作业效率,通过对比验证,两种循环作业的效率绝对偏差符合工程实际。在工程实际中可以参照FEM9.851标准作业对代替随机组合作业对进行子母车系统的效率计算。