Positive transfer and negative transfer/antilearning of problem-solving skills.

In problem-solving research, insights into the relationship between monitoring and control in the transfer of complex skills remain impoverished. To address this, in 4 experiments, the authors had participants solve 2 complex control tasks that were identical in structure but that varied in presentation format. Participants learned to solve the 2nd task on the basis of their original learning phase from the 1st task or learned to solve the 2nd task on the basis of another participant's learning phase. Experiment 1 showed that, under conditions in which the participant's learning phase was experienced twice, performance deteriorated in the 2nd task. In contrast, when the learning phases in the 1st and 2nd tasks differed, performance improved in the 2nd task. Experiment 2 introduced instructional manipulations that induced the same response patterns as those in Experiment 1. In Experiment 3, further manipulations were introduced that biased the way participants evaluated the learning phase in the 2nd task. In Experiment 4, judgments of self-efficacy were shown to track control performance. The implications of these findings for theories of complex skill acquisition are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

More than meets the eye: traditions,nucleus and peripheries of the biographical research field

Scientometrics - The long and established roots of biographical research have been well documented, over the last decades, in a rich body of reflections about the main trends, traditions and...     

Error control schemes for networks: An overview

In this paper, we investigate the issue of error control in wireless communication networks. We review the alternative error control schemes available for providing reliable end-to-end communication in wireless environments. Through case studies, the performance and tradeoffs of these schemes are shown. Based on the application environments and QoS requirements, the design issues of error control are discussed to achieve the best solution. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Factors influencing the scientific performance of Momentum grant holders: an evaluation of the first 117 research groups

Scientometrics - The Momentum program launched in 2009 provides funding of up to 1 million Euro to establish new, independent research groups at Hungarian academic institutions. Here, our aim was...     

Electrochemical behavior of vanadium in EDTA

The use of chelating agents as cleaning chemicals to remove metal deposits is gaining interest. In this study the Electrochemical behavior of vanadium in EDTA, EA and EAC solutions was studied using AC impedance technique at different immersion time. The results indicate that the values of R_ct for EA solution are higher than that for EDTA and EAC. This may be due to the presence of ascorbic acid as reducing agent. The presence of surface film is confirmed by capacitance measurements. It is shown that the capacitance is time‐dependent. Generally, the capacitance decreases with immersion time and this can be discussed on the basis that the concentration of vanadium ions at the interface increases with immersion time.     

Systematic organophilization of montmorillonite: The impact thereof on the rheometric and mechanical characteristics of NBR and SBR based nanocomposites

Different montmorillonites either, completely hydrophilic (Mont‐0), amphiphilic (Mont‐25, Mont‐50, and Mont‐75) or completely hydrophobic (Mont‐100) were used as reinforcing fillers for styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) individually to predict the influence of the different forms on the properties of the rubbers (rheometric characteristics and mechanical properties). The shifts in the glass transition temperatures after the clay insertion were determined from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis to investigate the preference and action of each form. In addition, the storage moduli were used as indications to the corresponding mechanical properties of the samples. The influences could be followed after comparing the impacts of aging conditions on the properties of rubber compositions. The obtained data may provide a platform to suggest the mechanism by which these forms can in some cases act as compatibilizers in addition to their reinforcing/plasticizing effect when employed with the physically incompatible NBR/SBR (50/50) blend, which helps to optimize the properties of nanocomposites based on these blends. The proposed mechanism of action showed good correlation with the results of the mechanical properties and x‐ray diffraction investigations as well. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:942–948, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers