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1.
Water pollution has become the most severe dilemma in the entire world. In this review, we have discussed the advancement in preparation and properties, plus background and challenges regarding polymer-based nanocomposite membranes. Nanofiltration thin film composite membranes have been given tremendous attention over last two decades relative to conventional systems in desalination of sea water, waste water from industries and ultra pure water production etc. In recent years, significant research efforts have been devoted towards the development of high-performance membranes through surface modification of polymers and nanoparticles, nanotubes, etc. to achieve appreciable salt rejection, water flux and antifouling properties. 相似文献
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Nadeem Ullah Ghazala Yasmeen Butt Mehwish Jaffer Quratul Ain 《Microscopy research and technique》2022,85(2):748-754
The study was carried out in four districts, that is, Gujranwala, Gujarat, Narowal and Sialkot of Punjab, Pakistan. The sampling was carried out randomly in different seasons from the water bodies especially from wastewater. Twenty-one species belonging to Euglenophycota were identified using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy from which 04 species belong to genus Phacus, 02 species belonging to Trachelomonas and Euglena based on light microscopy. It was observed that Euglena was the most diverse genus and it is supposed to be the indicator species of the polluted water. It was observed that E. oblonga was found in maximum pH range, that is, 7.0–11.0. Similarly, E. brevicaudatus was found in maximum EC, that is, 169 ± 1.5 ms/cm these outcomes indicated that for internal examination along with LM, SEM was necessary for correct identification of algal sample up to specie level. 相似文献
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Xueming Niu Shuqian Wan Xiaona Rong Mian Lin Nabila Mehwish Kun Wei Bae Hoon Lee 《大分子材料与工程》2021,306(9):2100193
It remains a challenge to maintain the antiadhesion properties of superhydrophobic films after exposure to bacterial environments. In this work, superhydrophobic bactericidal polymer films via the simple incorporation of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) or iodine into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are fabricated to improve their antiadhesive and antibacterial capability. Superhydrophobic iodine-embedded films, polytetrafluoroethylene/polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine and polytetrafluoroethylene-iodine (PTFE/PVP-I and PTFE-I), show excellent antiadhesive and bactericidal performances even post exposure to bacterial solutions as compared to iodine-free counterparts by controlling the release of iodine. Especially, superhydrophobic PTFE/PVP-I films display a more sustained iodine release profile and significant antibacterial properties against gram-positive (S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)) and gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria. Such a facile combination of antiseptic agents and superhydrophobic surface could be widely used for antiseptic biomedical applications. 相似文献
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Shabnum Shaheen Muhammad Asaf Khan Muhammad Afzal Naeem Muhammad Naveed Shahid Mehwish Jaffer Hanan Mukhtar 《Microscopy research and technique》2022,85(3):1194-1198
The anatomical variations of two plants from the Nyctaginaceae family, Bougainvillea spectabilis and Bougainvillea glabra, were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy methods in this work. Bougainvillea is a dicotyledonous with defensive traits that can withstand extreme (hot and dry) settings; according to the findings, crystal inclusions in cells, woody spines, and an abnormal development pattern are all features that help them survive against predators and are unique to this species. The Bougainvillea plant's leaves are arranged in simple pattern, alternate to each other along stem having an undulate leaves edge and an oval form. The xylem and phloem, palisade, parenchyma midrib, spongy mesophyll, raphide crystal bundles, and trichomes were all visible when bracts and leaves were transversally sectioned and dyed with toluidine blue O (TBO). The presence of crystals was confirmed by a detailed examination of the transverse leaves by using bright-field and cross-polarizing microscopy. Dissecting microscopic examination showed that all the leaves revealed leaves venation pattern that had midvein, lateral veins areoles, and trichomes. Although trichomes have been identified on both sides, a closer look at a cleaned leaf dyed with TBO showed multicellular abundant trichomes on adaxial surface. Stomata complexes were typically found on the abaxial surface of the leaf according to epidermal peels. Present studies also showed that on adaxial side, stomata were lesser in number or were absent and also showed that the morphologies of the pavement cells on the adaxial and abaxial sides of the leaf differed. 相似文献
6.
Sehrish Ramzan Shabnum Shaheen Khadim Hussain Javad Sharifi‐Rad Muhammad Asaf Khan Nidaa Harun Mehwish Jaffer Farah Khan 《Microscopy research and technique》2019,82(6):931-940
Adulteration in traded medicinal plants is a significant issue nowadays and use of these adulterated medicinal plants can impose harmful impact to end user. However, this problem can be overcome by ensuring the identification of traded medicinal plants which are used in making different herbal medicines. In this regard, palynological markers are considered to be an important taxonomic tool in the identification of original medicinal plant from its adulterant. Hence this study attempted to provide particular reliable palynological markers for distinguishing selected medicinal plants from their adulterants, that is, Cinnamomum verum versus Canella winterana, Cinnamomum tamala versus Cinnamomum obtusifolium, Gymnema sylvestre versus Gymnema lactiferum, Artemisia maritima versus Artemisia absinthium, Achillea millefolium versus Adhatoda vasaka, Sphaeranthus indicus versus Sphaeranthus africanus, Averrhoa carambola versus Butea monosperma, and Morus nigra versus Morus alba. Results demonstrated great variations in multiple palynological characters between original medicinal plant and its adulterant such as in pollen size, shape, colpi length, exine, intine thickness, and fertility. In equatorial view, circular to spheroidal shape of pollen was found in A. millefolium while oblate shape was observed in A. vasaka. Similarly B. monosperma pollen was 34 μm, whereas pollen of its adulterant A. carambola was 21 μm. Moreover, colpi length of A. maritima was 11.8 μm, whereas 4.5 μm in A. absinthium. Hence it can be concluded that palynological characters are commendably helpful in identification of genuine medicinal plant from its adulterant. 相似文献
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The laminar flow field in a Kenics KM static mixer has been studied using laser induced fluorescence and digital image analysis. Mixing was quantified by measurement of the number average striation thickness, variance of striation widths and interfacial area, for elements of length to diameter (L/D) ratios of 0.8, 1.0, 1.5 with 90° twist per element. From flow visualisations, transitions were observed in the flow where vortices developed above the first and second elements at Reynolds numbers of 43 and 90 for L/D = 0.8 and Reynolds numbers of 55 and 105 for L/D = 1.0. It was found that these vortices did not appreciably enhance mixing based on striation thickness and variance of striation widths measurements after 4 to 5 elements. The influence of viscosity ratio showed a viscosity ratio (dyed stream/bulk stream) of I had faster interfacial area growth and created more uniform mixtures compared to a viscosity ratio of 0.2 for flow rate ratio of 0.2. 相似文献
10.
Khurshid Salman Arif Saqib Iqbal Hafiza Mehwish Akbar Qurrat Ul Ain Yousaf Shahid 《Food science and biotechnology》2020,29(2):243-249
Food Science and Biotechnology - Current study was designed to evaluate sensory and textural quality characteristics of chapatti, a commonly consumed flat bread in South-Asia in relation to flour... 相似文献