海洋水质监测用新型过滤器的研制

应海洋调查和海洋污染监测的需要研制成功的二种新型过滤器，具有多功能性，可满足不同样品水的过滤需要，并能同时有效地防止空气的二次污染，避免了过滤水样过程中的许多宏观上对样品的沾污因素。因此不仅适应性和实用性大大提高，而且大大提高了其监测数据的准确性和可靠性。     

纳米TiO2复合荧光增白剂的制备及其在纸张中的应用

以4,4-二氨基-2,2-二磺酸二苯乙烯(DSD酸)为母体,三聚氯氰为桥联剂,制备了三嗪氨基二苯乙烯型荧光增白单体(FBs);再将FBs、丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯与改性纳米TiO_2共聚,制得纳米TiO_2复合荧光增白剂(FBs-TiO_2),并将其用于纸张表面涂布。结果表明,FBs-TiO_2成功制备,且稳定性更好;FBs-TiO_2涂布后,纸张白度由67.2%提高到87.2%,抗张强度由3.12 kN/m提高到4.87 kN/m,撕裂指数由13.8 mN·m~2/g提高到17.4 mN·m~2/g,并且紫外光老化48 h后,返黄值由10.40下降到6.66。说明FBs-TiO_2不但能提高纸张白度、抑制纸张返黄,还能有效增强纸张的表面强度和力学性能,是一种性能优异的造纸助剂。     

连铸保护渣渣膜矿相结构对不同钢种板坯冶金质量的影响

使用偏光显微镜,系统对比分析了邯郸钢厂超低碳钢SPHC(0.020%~0.055%C,70 mm板坯保护渣/%:33.14SiO₂,3.86Al₂O₃,3.88MgO,31.52CaO,8.27K₂O+Na₂O,7.55F^-1,3.93C)、包晶钢SS400(0.18%~0.22%C,70 mm板坯保护渣/%:29.62SiO₂,4.63Al₂O₃,2.05MgO,35.86CaO,10.43 K₂O+Na₂O,7.55F^-1,3.93C)和Ti微合金钢Q345B(0.15%~0.19C,0.04%~0.05%Ti,260 mm板坯保护渣/%:31.10SiO₂,5.21Al₂O₃,5.07MgO,35.46CaO,6.22K₂O+Na₂O,6.96F^-1,6.96C)对应的渣膜的矿相组成、结晶率和显微结构。结果表明,3种渣膜从铸坯至结晶器侧均呈现"结晶层-玻璃层"交替结构。SPHC钢渣膜有90%~95%的玻璃相,结晶相仅出现少量枪晶石,低结晶率有利于其润滑铸坯;SS400钢渣膜结晶率为55%~60%,析出较多的枪晶石和部分黄长石,有利于控制铸坯传热;Ti微合金钢Q345B渣膜结晶率略高于SS400钢,析出的黄长石、枪晶石和硅灰石能同时满足连铸对其润滑和控制传热的需求,可得到良好的铸坯质量。     

造纸用纳米粒子复合香豆素荧光乳液的制备及性能

以7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素为母核与丙烯酰氯反应,得到香豆素荧光单体。在乳化剂聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10(OP-10)与引发剂过硫酸铵的作用下,将其与丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯和改性纳米粒子经乳液聚合制备得到荧光乳液。采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、粒径分析、紫外光谱、荧光光谱及紫外加速老化试验等对产物进行结构表征,光学性能研究及应用性能考察。结果表明,复合纳米粒子的荧光乳液粒径分布更加均匀,性质更稳定,且具有良好的光学性能, 涂覆于纸张表面,发现纸张白度得到改善,纸张强度和抗水性均大幅提高,且经过紫外老化后,发现目标产物有更好的抑制纸张返黄的作用。     

Novel Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius variants harboring lactose metabolism genes homologous to Streptococcus thermophilus

The biodiversity and growth dynamics of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in farm-house Ossau-Iraty cheeses were investigated from vat milk to 180 days of ripening in six independent batches made from six raw ewe’s milks using five typical cheese-making methods. Commercial starter S1 was used for three batches, starter S1 combined with S2 for one batch and no starter for two batches.Up to ten LAB species from five genera and up to two strains per species were identified per milk; up to eleven species from five genera and up to three strains per species were identified per cheese. Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus paracasei, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides were detected in all cheeses. Lactococci reached the highest counts irrespective of the milk and starter used. Lactococci and enterococci increased during manufacture, and mesophilic lactobacilli increased during ripening. Strain and species numbers, the percentage of isolates originating from the raw milk, maximum counts of each genus/species and time for reaching them, all varied according to whether or not a starter was used and the composition of the starter. The genotypes of strains within species varied according to the raw milk used. This generated distinct LAB microbiotas throughout manufacture and ripening that will certainly impact on the characteristics of the ripened cheeses.     

反应型乳化剂制备荧光乳液及其在纸张中的应用

以三聚氯氰为桥联剂,将牛磺酸和N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺依次引入4,4-二氨基二苯乙烯-2,2-二磺酸(DSD酸)中,制得荧光增白单体(FBs)。再将FBs、苯乙烯、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)与反应型乳化剂(DNS-86和ANPEO₁₀)共聚,制得2种荧光乳液(E1和E2),并将其应用于纸张涂布。结果表明,E1和E2稳定性好,粒径分布均匀。与未涂布荧光乳液的空白纸张相比,E1和E2涂布后,纸张初始白度分别提高了20.0和18.8个百分点;抗张强度分别提高了2.35 kN/m和0.98 kN/m;撕裂指数分别提高了5.65 mN·m~2/g和2.75 mN·m~2/g;紫外光老化48 h后,返黄值分别下降了2.21和1.61。表明E1和E2均能显著提高纸张的白度与力学性能,抑制纸张返黄,且E1的效果更好。