Robust Superhydrophobic Fabric for Durability,Self-Cleaning,and Oil/Water Separation via Thiol–Acrylate Polymerization

In recent years, highly efficient oil/water separation materials have brought much attention. It requests superhydrophobic surfaces with a rapid and facile separation process, excellent durability, and large-scale fabrication. Herein, a facile vapor-liquid sol-gel, and free radical polymerization reaction method to prepare the durable and robust superhydrophobic cotton fabric is proposed. Moreover, the fabric can be used for highly efficient and various oil/water separation. It is prepared via a simple two-step process, including a vapor-liquid sol-gel process to deposit with thiols particles, and then followed a free radical polymerization reaction to graft 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry prove that the rough structures are generated from the hydrolysis condensation reaction between tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane. As a result, the synthetic chemical composition provided by the natural fabric and silica nanoparticles synergistically construct a superhydrophobic surface with water contact angles and shedding angle of 158° and 9°, respectively. Additionally, the treated fabric exhibits excellent chemical resistance and self-cleaning ability. Remarkably, the fabric still retains superhydrophobic and excellent mechanical robustness after 30 cycles of various oil/water separation. In summary, the resultant fabrics with excellent chemical resistance, remarkable mechanical robustness, and versatile separation abilities have potential applications in various oil/water separations.     

成都奥力公司率53人考察团赴德国埃森国际焊接与切割展会

九月，秋高气爽的日子，同时也是“第十六届德国埃森国际焊接与切割展览会”盛大举办的日子。这个极负盛名的国际展会每四年举行一次，享誉全球，吸引着来自世界知名的焊接与切割生产厂商、用户集聚德国埃森，共同分享世界先进的焊接与切割技术。本届德国埃森国际焊接展于9月12—17日在德国埃森市举办。     

粉煤灰基混凝剂的制备及在大麻废水中的应用

采用酸溶法以粉煤灰为基础原料 ,通过添加一定量的硫铁矿烧渣 ,制备成粉煤灰基复合混凝剂 ,确定了最佳工艺条件 .实验结果表明 ,影响混凝剂制备的主要因素是粉煤灰与硫铁矿渣的质量比、酸用量、浸取时间和温度 .此混凝剂对大麻废水中 CODcr去除率达 88% ,色度去除率可达 96.6%以上 ,具有沉淀快和污泥体积小等优点 .     

环戊烯催化氧化合成戊二醛及其动力学

对在非水溶剂存在下过氧化氢一步催化氧化环戊烯制备戊二醛过程中的催化体系进行了研究。考察了具有脱水功能的Ｂ２Ｏ３的作用及用量，确立了具有优良催化性能的催化体系ＷＯ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３；实验测定了反应动力学数据，采用非线性回归Ｐｏｗｅｌ共扼法求得了反应动力学方程。在推荐的催化剂体系和工艺条件下，环戊烯转化率６７％，戊二醛收率６３％，选择性９１％。     

聚丙烯交联技术发展现状

交联聚丙烯具有优异的机械性能和热性能。本文就当前聚丙烯的几种交联技术进行了总结与分类,并介绍了各自的反应机理。着重讨论了最常见的几种PP的交联工艺及其特性,包括有机过氧化物交联、硅烷接枝交联、辐射交联等。     

Characteristics of electrical responsive chitosan/polyallylamine interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel

An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel composed of chitosan and polyallylamine exhibited electric‐sensitive behavior. The chitosan/polyallylamine IPN hydrogel was synthesized by radical polymerization using 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (DMPAP) and methylene bisacrylicamide (MBAAm) as initiator and crosslinker, respectively. The swelling behavior of the IPN was studied by immersion of the gel samples in aqueous NaCl solutions at various concentrations and pHs. The swelling ratio decreased with increasing concentration and pH of electrolyte solution. The stimuli response of the IPN hydrogel in electric fields was also investigated. When a swollen the IPN was placed between a pair of electrodes, the IPN exhibited bending behavior in response to the applied electric field. The IPN also showed stepwise bending behavior depending on the electric stimulus. In addition, thermal properties of the IPN were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric analysis (DEA). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2290–2295, 2002     

Pb2+ binding by polyaspartyl polymers and their application to Pb2+ removal from glycyrrhizin

Polyaspartate is an excellent Pb²⁺‐binding agent in comparison with some polyaspartamide derivatives with different side chains, in that it possesses a higher Pb²⁺ uptake and a lower Pb²⁺ equilibrium concentration. Equilibrium sorption data for Pb²⁺ on polyaspartate can be well fitted with the Freundlich and Langmuir models. Experimental results show that a crosslinked polyaspartate hydrogel is superior to poly(acrylic acid)‐based resins and polystyrene‐based chelating resins. IR spectra and X‐ray photoelectron spectra reveal that the polyaspartate hydrogel binds Pb²⁺ by both an ion‐exchange mechanism and a chelating mechanism. The polyaspartate hydrogel is also an effective agent for the removal of Pb²⁺ from glycyrrhizin. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 2215–2220, 2005     

Miscibility and morphology in crystalline/amorphous blends of poly(caprolactone)/poly(4-vinylphenol) as studied by DSC, FTIR, and C solid state NMR

The miscibility and morphology of poly(caprolactone) (PCL) and poly (4-vinylphenol) (PVPh) blends were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ¹³C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The DSC results indicate that PCL is miscible with PVPh. FTIR studies reveal that hydrogen bonding exists between the hydroxyl groups of PVPh and the carbonyl groups of PCL. ¹³C cross polarization (CP)/magic angle spinning (MAS)/dipolar decoupling (DD) spectra of the blends show a 1 ppm downfield shifting of ¹³C resonance of PVPh hydroxyl-substituted carbons and PCL carbonyl carbons with increasing PCL content. Both FTIR and NMR give evidence of inter-molecular hydrogen bonding within the blends. The proton spin-lattice relaxation in the laboratory frame, T₁(H), and in the rotating frame, T_1ρ(H), were studied as a function of the blend composition. The T₁(H) results are in good agreement with thermal analysis; i.e. the blends are completely homogeneous on the scale of 50-80 nm. The T_1ρ(H) results indicate that PCL in the blends has both crystalline and amorphous phases. The amorphous PCL phase is miscible with PVPh, but the PCL crystal domain size is probably larger than the spin-diffusion path length within the T_1ρ(H) time-frame, i.e. larger than 2-4 nm. The mobility differences between the crystalline and amorphous phases of PCL are clearly visible from the T_1ρ(H) data.     

Separation of Triacylglycerol Species from Interesterified Oils by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Using a 1,3-regioselective lipase as a catalyst, soybean oil and olive oil were interesterified with the short-chain triacylglycerol tributyrin (1,2,3-tributyrylglycerol) to produce mixtures of structured triacylglycerols (SL-TAG). The SL-TAG were purified by column chromatography and analyzed by both normal-phase (silica column; NP_SIL) and reversed-phase [octadecyl silane (ODS) column] high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Individual SL-TAG molecular species were detected by evaporative light-scattering detection, and characterized by mass spectrometry. NP_SIL HPLC successfully separated the newly synthesized SL-TAG into two groups of TAG: one composed of one butyryl group and two long-chain fatty acyl groups (from soybean or olive oil); the second was composed of two butyryl groups and one long-chain fatty acyl group. The SL-TAG species were further analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC which gave a more detailed separation of the TAG species present in the two SL-TAG.