Parasitic resistance current sensing topology for coupled inductors

Traditional current sensing topology based on inductor equivalent series resistance fails to extract phase currents for coupled inductors due to the presence of the magnetising inductance. This article proposes a new direct-current resistance current sensing topology for coupled inductors. By implementation of a simple resistor-capacitor network, the proposed topology can preserve the coupling effect between phases. As a result, real phase inductor currents and total current can be sensed. Detailed mathematical analysis and design equations are presented in this article. Sensitivity and mismatch issues are addressed. Experimental results show that the proposed topologies are able to extract phase current as well as total current with acceptable accuracy.     

EPR and SEM Characterizations of the Contact Between Carbon Black and Cerium Oxide

The physicochemical properties of the contact between carbon black (CB) and cerium oxide (CeO₂) were investigated using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Two types of contact were performed: tight and loose for different mixtures of CeO₂/CB. A correlation has been established between the results of EPR and SEM and temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) results.     

Routine transition zone and seminal vesicle biopsies in all patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsies are not indicated

Metaphors to explain the effects of weak, complex magnetic fields upon the neuromatrices of organisms are suggested. The ratio of the amplitude of the time-varying components to steady-state components for complex magnetic field for effective biological responses may display Weber values that are similar to those for the electrical activity of the brain, the detection of changes in sound pressure by the ear and for more classical sensory thresholds. The nonlinear, suprathreshold characteristic of weak magnetic field effects would be similar to the effective narrow windows of concentrations of ligands values for receptor subtypes with different affinities. Signals composed of trains of between 100 and 1000 successive, fast (1 to 3 msec.) transients, which would contain the most biological information, would require low amplitudes to which the substrates could respond and with which the neuromatrix could resonate.     

Adsorption Effect of Cationic Surfactants on Corrosion Inhibition of Steel

Corrosion behaviour of steel in acid solutions was followed in presence of cationic micells of Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr), n-tetradecyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide (TDTABr), n-dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DDTABr) and n-decyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTABr) using gasometry and potentiodynamic techniques. Plots of adsorption isotherms produce S- shaped curves. Surfactants were found to act as corrosion inhibitors of mixed - type, i.e., affecting the dissolution of the metal and the cathodic reaction of hydrogen evolution. Inhibitive effect of the surfactants has been shown to increase with the alkyl chain length and at concentrations above their critical micelle concentration (cmc). Corrosion kinetic empirical equation describing the relationship between the surfactants structure and their activity is introduced. The number of active sites on the metal occupied by the surfactant molecule, binding constant and change in free energy of adsorption are calculated following Temkin adsorption isotherms. All results obtained are compared to the kinetic-thermodynamic model to certify its applicability. The mode of adsorption of the surfactant molecules according to their structure is also discussed.     

On the modulation of scattered light in the measurement of a new parameter of transparent polymers

Light radiation energy, in the form of a polarised monochromatic light vector, when passing through a plate of a transparent polymer, undergoes a media-characteristic dependent modulation. The arrangement of the polymeric chain axes affects the propagating light vector even in the case of a load-free subject. Some unloaded transparent polymers cause modulations that differ as the polarised monochromatic primary beam moves deeper in the material. This optical phenomenon is explored in selected photoelastic materials. Problems associated with the practical implementation of these materials in scattered photoelasticity are pointed out.     

Error assessment of the estimated coefficients obtained in system identification technique

System identification technique plays an important role in many electrical devices. In this technique, an adaptive filter models the unknown system with a finite impulse response or an infinite inverse response filter. This paper concentrates on the system identification technique based on the least squares criterion and evaluates the relationship between each estimated coefficient (obtained by the adaptive filter) and its corresponding coefficient in the unknown system. By logically classifying the variables, the amount of error between these two corresponding coefficients is evaluated and precisely expressed based on the autocorrelation lags of the input signal of the system and the coefficients of the unknown system. Also, the computed error is simplified for two particular cases in which the input signal of the system is an ideal zero-mean white Gaussian noise or a windowed (short-time) zero-mean white Gaussian noise. Experimental results provided in the simulation part verify the arithmetic expressions presented in the paper.     

Alzheimer Disease Detection Empowered with Transfer Learning

Alzheimer's disease is a severe neuron disease that damages brain cells which leads to permanent loss of memory also called dementia. Many people die due to this disease every year because this is not curable but early detection of this disease can help restrain the spread. Alzheimer's is most common in elderly people in the age bracket of 65 and above. An automated system is required for early detection of disease that can detect and classify the disease into multiple Alzheimer classes. Deep learning and machine learning techniques are used to solve many medical problems like this. The proposed system Alzheimer Disease detection utilizes transfer learning on Multi-class classification using brain Medical resonance imagining (MRI) working to classify the images in four stages, Mild demented (MD), Moderate demented (MOD), Non-demented (ND), Very mild demented (VMD). Simulation results have shown that the proposed system model gives 91.70% accuracy. It also observed that the proposed system gives more accurate results as compared to previous approaches.     

Vector wave expansion method for leaky modes of microstructured optical fibers

A new method for calculating the confinement loss of leaky modes in arbitrary microstructured optical fibers is presented. The full vector algorithm is based on a polar coordinate Fourier decomposition method with adjustable boundary conditions, capable of accurately determining the outward radiating fields of the waveguide. Example waveguides with circular and elliptical hole shapes and their leaky mode solutions are presented and discussed.