Development and implementation of a hybrid scale up model for a batch high shear wet granulation operation

The high shear wet granulation (HSWG) operation consists of several rate processes influenced by the raw material properties, process operational parameters, and equipment design. Their combined effect determines the granule attributes. In literature, these rate processes have been modeled using different dimensionless numbers and their correlations. Each of these dimensionless numbers represent only certain rate processes. Since many of these rate processes occur at the same time, it is necessary to simultaneously model them to account for all the important degrees of freedom. Most of the HSWG scale up approaches in literature calculate scale up conditions based on a single rate process or operating parameter of interest that can lead to sub-optimal process design. We present the development of a hybrid HSWG scale up model accounting simultaneously for all the rate processes. The approach was successfully implemented to scale up the HSWG operation across laboratory, pilot, and commercial scales.     

Influence of forming method of blending versus casting layer-by-layer on structural properties and packing performances of casein-gelatin composite edible film under different appending proportion

In order to obtain casein edible films with great packing performance, gelatin as the reinforcing additive with different ratios were loaded via two methods including layer- by- layer and blending. A comparative study on structure properties between double layers and blending films made from casein and gelatin was obtained by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The difference between the films' packing characters were conducted by water vapor permeability (WVP), optical property, and mechanical properties (including tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EAB)). The results showed that the degree of films roughness increased and the structural stability decreased as the increase of gelatin additive ratio in both double layers and blending films. Thickness and WVP both displayed a trend of increasing first then decreasing at the dividing of gelatin instead of casein in 50%. Importantly, WVP values in double layers film with a largest value of 6.95 gm⁻¹Pa⁻¹s⁻¹ was higher than blending films, observably (P < 0.05). Additionally, TS in blending film was increased by 23.44% than double layers film under the gelatin additive proportion of 70%, and EAB value in double layers film was larger by 207.65% than blending film under the gelatin additive proportion of 10%.     

配电网单相接地故障特征分析软件设计

我国35 kV及以下配电网大多采用小电流接地方式,运行方式下发生的故障中单相接地故障占70％～80％.当前已有的单相接地故障诊断软件大多无法适应多种Windows操作系统,并且在功能方面较为单一,未形成完备的系统,不能满足需求.在提取接地故障的小波能量比、小波重构系数方差和暂态功率方向三种暂态特征的基础上,设计一款功能完备的单相接地故障特征分析软件,并且利用Pyinstaller库将软件封装为.exe格式的可执行文件.设计软件具有丰富的人机交互接口,能够完成小波分解、波形展示、故障诊断模型训练以及故障诊断等功能,实现了在各种Windows系统下运行并进行单相接地故障数据分析的功能.     

The effect of neutral red on the corrosion inhibition of cold rolled steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid

The corrosion inhibition of neutral red on the corrosion of cold rolled steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was studied using weight loss method and potentiodynamic polarization method. Results obtained revealed that neutral red is an effective inhibitor. It was found that the adsorption of neutral red could prevent steel from weight loss and the adsorption accorded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that neutral red mainly acted as a mixed-type inhibitor for steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid. Thermodynamic parameters such as adsorption heat, adsorption entropy and adsorption free energy were obtained from experimental data of the temperature studies of the inhibition process at four temperatures ranging from 30 to 45 °C. The most suitable range of inhibitor concentration was discussed. The kinetic data such as apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors at different concentrations of the inhibitor were calculated, the effect of the apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors on the corrosion rates of cold rolled steel was discussed. The inhibitive action was satisfactorily explained by using both thermodynamic and kinetic models. Synergism between chloride ion and neutral red was proposed. The results obtained from weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization were in good agreement.     

新型穿孔顶头的研究

介绍了穿孔顶头的工作条件和主要失效形式，以及新型穿孔顶头的设计。确定了顶头的生产工艺。使用结果表明，新型穿孔顶头在穿孔中能保持良好的流线型外形，产生光滑的再生氧化层，防止塌鼻失效，提高了使用寿命。     

200kA预焙槽强化电流过程中发生电解质粘度增加的实践探讨

通过分析200kA预焙槽在强化电流条件下电解质粘度增大的原因及对电解生产的影响,提出了规范电解生产作业制度及处理电解质粘度过大的建议,以实现降低工人劳动强度,达到工艺参数优化和提高电流效率的目的。     

3PE防腐层缺陷成因分析与防范

3PE防腐层被称为“完美”涂层。但是，由于其涂装技术相对比较复杂，如果生产工艺控制不严，将会产生多种防腐层缺陷；另一方面，剥离的聚乙烯层对阴极保护电流具有很强的屏蔽作用，3PE的某些缺陷有可能是致命的。本文对3PE防腐层缺陷产生原因进行了较为全面的介绍和分析，同时提出控制措施，与业内同行交流。     

油井管几种连接结构及密封型式

油井管的连接结构大多采用螺纹连接,不仅要求螺纹有较高的强度,而且还要有良好的密封性。介绍了油井管的几种连接结构及其密封型式。     

The solidification characteristics of 6061 and A356 aluminum alloys and their ceramic particle-reinforced composites

The solidification curve and viscosity are the two most important solidification characteristics. The solidification curves of the 6061 and A356 alloys and their ceramic particle-reinforced composites are determined by using differential thermal analysis (DTA) coupled with mathematical modeling. In applying this method, the cooling curves of the alloys and composites are first determined by using DTA, then mathematical modeling is used to simulate the cooling curves, and their solidification curves can thus be calculated. It has been found that the principal characteristics of the solidification curves of the composites and their matrix alloy are similar. The viscosities of these alloys and composites are determined by using a Searle-type viscometer. The viscosity of the semisolid slurry increases with increasing solid content. A sharp increase in the viscosity is observed during solidification, and the value of the critical solidified fraction is a function of the shear rate. Both the aluminum alloys and their respective composites displayed similar critical solidified fractions, and these values are hardly affected by the addition of the ceramic particles.     

时效态Cu-Fe-P合金组织和性能的研究

利用微合金化法设计了引线框架用Cu-Fe-P合金的成分(Cu-2.5Fe-0.12Zn-0.03P-0.05Mg-0.05Cr-0.05RE),采用金相显微镜(OM)和高分辨电子显微镜(HRTEM)研究了合金的微观组织,测定了合金的抗拉强度、伸长率及电导率等性能.试验结果表明,在其他试验条件相同的情况下,冷轧后的合金板材经550 ℃×4 h时效后处于过时效状态,球形的析出相γ-Fe粗化,尺寸在50～100 nm的范围,合金的强度为482 MPa,显微硬度HV为161,电导率为39.7 MS/m;经450 ℃×4 h时效后处于欠时效状态,呈球形的γ-Fe相尺寸在20 nm以下,抗拉强度为417 MPa,显微硬度HV为139,电导率是30.4 MS/m;经550 ℃×2 h 450 ℃×2 h时效后处于峰值时效状态,球形的γ-Fe相尺寸在20～50 nm的范围,此时合金的抗拉强度为510 MPa,显微硬度HV为168,导电率为40.6 MS/m.