Design and performance evaluation of a banyan network basedinterconnection structure for ATM switches

This paper presents a new self-routing packet network called the plane interconnected parallel network (PIPN). In the proposed design, the traffic arriving at the network is shaped and routed through two banyan network based interconnected planes. The interconnections between the planes distribute the incoming load more homogeneously over the network. The throughput of the network under uniform and heterogeneous traffic requirements is studied analytically and by simulation. The results are compared with the results of the baseline network and another banyan network based parallel interconnection network. It is shown that, for the proposed design, a higher degree of heterogeneity results in better performance     

A fully soft-switched extended-period quasi-resonantpower-factor-correction circuit

This paper presents the design criteria, procedure, and implementation of a soft-switched power-factor-correction (PFC) circuit based on the extended-period quasi-resonant (EPQR) principles. All power electronic devices including switches and diodes in the circuit are fully soft switched. The design method is demonstrated in a prototype circuit. The operating principles are confirmed with computer simulation and experimental results. A comparison of the EP-QR operation and zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) pulse-width modulation (PWM) method     

Digitally tunable optical filters using arrayed-waveguide grating(AWG) multiplexers and optical switches

Two novel configurations for digitally tunable optical filters based on arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexers are described in detail with emphasis on the connection of the AWG multiplexer and optical switches. Performance comparisons show that conventional configurations are disadvantaged by the switch size required and loss imbalance among the optical frequency-division-multiplexed (FDM) channels; the proposed configurations require only O(√(N)) switch elements to select one of N FDM channels, and the loss imbalance is lower by up to 75% in decibel     

Malignant bone pain: pathophysiology and treatment

2-acetyl aminofluorene (AAF) reacts in acidic conditions with nitrous fume yielding N-nitroso-AAF (N-NO-AAF), as previously described, that exerts more toxic and mutagenic effects than its parental compound. In this study, the effect of sodium nitrite (NaNO2) on the tumorigenicity of AAF in rats fed with AAF and NaNO2 was observed. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: group I served as control; group II were treated with NaNO2 (0.3%); group III was given 0.02% AAF alone; groups IV and V received both AAF and NaNO2 (0.2 and 0.3% respectively) in their diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, all rats in groups III, IV and V developed early stage phenomena of hepatocellular carcinoma, including hepatomegaly with variable-sized foci and neoplastic nodules. Severe damage was observed in the rats treated with AAF and NaNO2. Feeding of AAF (0.02%) for 3 months elevated the levels of c-Fos, c-Jun and c-Myc proteins in the rat livers. The AAF-induced c-Jun, c-Fos and c-Myc expressions were significantly magnified (P < 0.001) by NaNO2. These data confirmed that the strengthening of AAF-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by NaNO2 should be associated with its enhancing effect on the AAF-induced increases in the expressions of c-Jun, c-Fos and c-Myc.     

Approximation of the optimal-time problem for controlled differential inclusions

Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 3, pp. 172–176, May–June, 1994     

Long range peak demand forecasting under conditions of high growth

An extended logistic model with a varying asymptotic upper bound for long-range peak demand forecasting is described. The model has been applied to a typical fast growing system, the Saudi Consolidated Electric Company. The forecasts are compared with actual demands and with those obtained from classical forecasting methods. The model gave relatively accurate peak demand forecasts compared with other classical methods. The model with a single load observation is capable of producing several peak demand forecasts corresponding to different levels of maximum temperature and various levels of social activity. The forecasts produced by the model were also stable irrespective of the length of the ex-post simulation period