离子液体用于燃料油深度脱硫的研究进展

首先介绍了加氢催化脱硫和其他脱硫技术的特点,综述了近年来国内外利用离子液体在萃取脱硫、萃取脱硫与氧化脱硫耦合、萃取脱硫与生物脱硫耦合等方面的研究。认为离子液体萃取脱硫具有操作简便、可循环使用、无需氢气、环境友好、能深度脱硫等特点,是一项具有广阔发展前景的技术。若要实现该技术的工业化应用,还需进一步加强离子液体在合成工艺、脱硫选择性及回收再生等方面的研究。     

Breakdown behavior of GaAs/AlGaAs HBTs

Avalanche breakdown behavior at the collector junction of the GaAs/AlGaAs HBT (heterojunction bipolar transistor) has been studied. Junction breakdown characteristics displaying hard breakdown, soft breakdown, and negative resistance breakdown behavior were observed and are interpreted by analysis of localized microplasma effects, uniform microplasma-free behavior, and associated current gain measurements. Light emission from the collector-base junction of the GaAs/AlGaAs HBT was observed and used to investigate breakdown uniformity. Using a simple punchthrough breakdown model, the theoretical breakdown curves at different collector doping concentrations and thicknesses were computed and found to be in agreement with maximum breakdown voltages measured from devices displaying the most uniform junction breakdown. The serious current gain degradation of GaAs/AlGaAs HBTs at low current densities was analyzed in connection with the measurement of a large collector-emitter breakdown voltage. The unexpected functional relationship between the collector-emitter breakdown voltage and collector-base breakdown voltage is explained by the absence of a hole-feedback effect for devices not exhibiting transistor action     

Interpretation of scatterometer ocean surface wind vector EOFs over the Northwestern Pacific

Satellite scatterometer winds over the northwestern Pacific were analyzed with the vector empirical orthogonal function (VEOF) method. The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), a newly developed non-linear and non-stationary time series data processing method, was also employed in the analysis. A combination of European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) −1/2 scatterometer, NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) and NASA's Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) winds covering the period from January 1992 to April 2000 and the area of 0-50°N, 100-148°E constitutes the baseline for this study. The results indicate that annual cycles dominate the two leading VEOF modes. The first VEOF shows the East Asian monsoon features and the second represents a spring-autumn oscillation. We removed the annual signal from the data set and calculated the interannual VEOFs. The first interannual VEOF represents the interannual variability existing in the spring-autumn oscillation. The temporal mode is correlated with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), but has a half-year lag with respect to the SOI. The spatial mode of the first interannual VEOF reflects the response of the tropical and extratropical winds to ENSO events. The second interannual VEOF is another ENSO related mode, and the temporal VEOF mode is correlated with the SOI with a correlation coefficient of 0.78, revealing the wind variability over mid-latitudes, which is associated with ENSO events. Further analysis indicated that the wind variability over the coast of East Asia represents anomalies of a Hadley cell. The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) was found in the temporal mode, indicating and verifying that the QBO in the wind fields is related to ENSO events. The third VEOF shows the interannaul variability in the winter-summer mode and displays the interannual variability of the East Asian monsoon. The three leading interannual VEOFs are statistically meaningful as confirmed by a significance test.     

Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of the Human EEG during Listening to Emotional Music

A nonlinear method named detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA） was utilized to investigate the scaling behavior of the human electroencephalogram （EEG） in three emotional music conditions （fear, happiness, sadness） and a rest condition （eyes-closed）. The results showed that the EEG exhibited scaling behavior in two regions with two scaling exponents β1 and β2 which represented the complexity of higher and lower frequency activity besides α band respectively. As the emotional intensity decreased the value of β1 increased and the value of β2 decreased. The change of β1 was weakly correlated with the ＇approach-withdrawal＇ model of emotion and both of fear and sad music made certain differences compared with the eyes-closed rest condition. The study shows that music is a powerful elicitor of emotion and that using nonlinear method can potentially contribute to the investigation of emotion.     

磷铝杂原子固体酸催化剂催化合成乙酸异丙酯

以丙烯和乙酸为原料 ,自制的磷铝杂原子固体酸作催化剂催化合成了乙酸异丙酯 ,考察了反应温度、反应压力、反应空速 (LHSV)及催化剂用量对酯化反应的影响 ,同时考察了固体酸催化剂的重复使用性。确定了最佳合成条件 :反应压力 1 5MPa,反应温度 1 60℃ ,反应空速2 0h-1,催化剂用量 2 0g。在此条件下 ,酯化率可达 91 5 % ,乙酸异丙酯选择性达 99 0 % ,且催化剂的重复使用性良好。     

WSP特殊螺纹接头油井管的研制

介绍了WSP特殊螺纹接头的基本结构和设计思想,运用有限元方法,重点论述了密封设计和连接强度设计的方法和准则,并通过全尺寸试验进行了验证。计算和试验结果表明,该接头具有先进的螺纹形式、合理的扭矩台肩和金属/金属密封结构,有效地克服了API圆螺纹和偏梯形螺纹的不足,螺纹达到了与管体等强度,气密封能力达到了管体的内壁屈服压力。研究结果可以为开发更多适合油气田实际的特殊螺纹接头油井管提供参考。     

Strategies to increase CdTe solar-cell voltage

There is a significant difference in performance between today's highest efficiency of CdTe solar cells and single-crystal cells of comparable band gap. The largest contribution to this difference is the voltage, where the values for the best CdTe cells are about 230 mV below the best GaAs cells when an appropriate adjustment is made for band gap. CdTe voltage and fill-factor are currently compromised by low recombination lifetime (near 1 ns), low hole density (near 10¹⁴ cm^− 3), and in some cases an excessive back-contact barrier. Numerical simulation is used to evaluate how combinations of lifetime, carrier density, back electron reflection, and interfacial properties affect voltage and cell performance. Two different strategies for improving voltage and performance are explored.     

Why are Websites co-linked? The case of Canadian universities

This study examined why Websites were co-linked using Canadian university Websites as the test set. Pages that co-linked to these university Websites were located using Yahool. A random sample of 859 co-linking pages (the page that initiated the co-link) was retrieved and the contents of the page, as well as the context of the link, were manually examined to record the following variables: language, country, type of Website, and the reasons for co-linking. The study found that in over 94% of cases, the two co-linked universities were related academically; many of these cases (38%) showed a relationship specifically in teaching or research. This confirms results, from previous quantitative studies, that Web co-links can be a measure of the similarity or relatedness of sites being co-linked and that Web co-link analysis can thus be used to study relationships among linked Websites.     

M8011H16铝合金防盗盖板生产工艺研究

研究了元素含量变化对8011铝合金防盗盖板综合性能的影响，在8011合金中改变Cu、Mn元素含量后可提高防盗盖板的强度，同时研究了烘烤处理后的强度变化问题。本文研究出了8011铝合金防盗盖板新的生产工艺制度。     

硫氰酸铵光度法测定钒渣中钼量

研究了钒渣中钼与硫氰酸铵的显色反应，结果表明λmax=460nm，在0～50mg／50ml范围内吸光度与钼量的关系符合比尔定律，用于钒渣中钼的测定，结果令人满意。