Optimization of a combined heat and power system based gasification of municipal solid waste of Urmia University student dormitories via ANOVA and taguchi approaches

Municipal solid waste (MSW) of Urmia University student dormitories was utilized to trigger a co-generation system. The combined heat and power system consisted of a gasifier, a micro gas turbine, an organic Rankine cycle, a heat exchanger, and a domestic heat recovery. The system performance was validated by comparing the results with experimental results available in the literature. Air, steam, and oxygen were considered as different gasification mediums. Hydrogen content in the case of the steam medium was higher at all gasification temperatures and low moisture contents. However, hydrogen content of the system based oxygen medium was higher at high moisture contents. The system performances from power generation and hot water flow rate viewpoints were assessed versus the MSW flow rate, gasification temperature, pressure ratio, and turbine inlet temperature. Taguchi approach was employed to optimize the generated power in air, steam, and oxygen medium cases. The optimum conditions were the same for all cases. The optimum powers were 281.1 kW, 279.4 kW, and 266.9 kW for the system based steam, air, and oxygen gasifying agents, respectively.     

LAPTAS: lightweight anonymous privacy-preserving three-factor authentication scheme for WSN-based IIoT

Wireless Networks - Nowadays, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are essential for monitoring and data collection in many industrial environments. Industrial environments are usually huge. The...     

Curing characteristics and cellular morphology of natural rubber/silica composite foams

Polymer Bulletin - The curing behavior and microstructure of natural rubber/silica foams were studied. Error function-based and autocatalytic models were correlated with the curing characteristics...     

Effect of Ti3SiC2 content on the corrosion behavior of Al/Ti3SiC2 composite coatings

The purpose of this study was to investigate the electrochemical corrosion properties of flame-sprayed Al and Al/(5, 10, 15)% Ti₃SiC₂ coatings in a 3.5% NaCl solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used for analyzing the microstructural characteristics of the coatings. For examining the corrosion behavior of the coatings, a potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used. After the potentiodynamic polarization test, the SEM micrograph of coatings indicated that Ti₃SiC₂ particles played a significant role in pitting corrosion. The results of potentiodynamic polarization tests revealed that Al/Ti₃SiC₂ coating is nobler than that of the pure aluminum coating. On the contrary, the addition of Ti₃SiC₂ particles reduced the process of thickening the passive layer. The results of the EIS tests demonstrated that the presence of Ti₃SiC₂ particles significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of the coatings.     

Optical and Structural Properties of Indium Sulfide Thin Film Produced by CBD Method

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - Indium sulfide thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method on a glass substrate at a sedimentation time of about 45...     

TCLAB: A New Topology Control Protocol in Cognitive MANETs Based on Learning Automata

The mobility of the nodes and their limited energy supply in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) complicates network conditions. Having an efficient topology control mechanism in the MANET is very important and can reduce the interference and energy consumption in the network. Indeed, since current networks are highly complex, an efficient topology control is expected to be able to adapt itself to the changes in the environment drawing upon a preventive approach and without human intervention. To accomplish this purpose, the present paper proposes a learning automata-based topology control method within a cognitive approach. This approach deals with adding cognition to the entire network protocol stack to achieve stack-wide and network-wide performance goals. In this protocol, two cognitive elements are embedded at each node: one for transmission power control, and the other for channel control. The first element estimates the probability of link connectivity, and then, in a non-cooperative game of learning automata, it sets the proper power for the corresponding node. Subsequently, the second element allocates efficient channel to the corresponding node, again using learning automata. Having a cognitive network perspective to control the topology of the network brings about many benefits, including a self-aware and self-adaptive topology control method and the ability of nodes to self-adjust dynamically. The experimental results of the study show that the proposed method yields more improvement in the quality of service (QoS) parameters of throughput and end-to-end delay more than do the other methods.     

Calcium-decorated graphdiyne as a high hydrogen storage medium: Evaluation of the structural and electronic properties

Graphdiyne (GDY) is a new member of carbon allotropes consisting of sp and sp² hybridized carbon atoms. In this work, the hydrogen adsorption on Calcium (Ca) decorated GDY and the influence of adatom on structural properties of GDY are investigated, using first principles plane wave calculations with Van der Waals corrections. The results show that similar to graphyne (GY) and unlike carbon nanotube (CNT), fullerene and graphene, clustering of Ca on GDY hinders due to the higher binding energy of the adatom to the carbon frame than the Ca cohesive energy. It can be seen that the Ca-decoration promotes hydrogen storage capacity of GDY, extremely (E_ads = ?0.266 and ?0.066 eV for Ca-decorated and pristine GDY, respectively). It is concluded that, the best site for the Ca trapping is 18-membered ring in which, Ca lies in-plane of GDY (E_ads = ?3.171 eV). Fourteen H₂ molecules (with the average adsorption energy of ～0.2 eV/H₂) can be adsorbed on the Ca atom from one side. The hydrogen storage capacity is estimated to be as high as 17.95 wt% for the both sides of GDY. So, the Ca-decorated GDY is offered as a promising candidate for hydrogen storage applications.     

Cog-MAC Protocol: Channel Allocation in Cognitive Ad Hoc Networks Based on the Game of Learning Automata

Wireless Personal Communications - Spectrum allocation is a major challenge in wireless ad hoc networks due to restrictions on the number of available communication channels and also passive...