Photoelectrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia with Black Phosphorus

Efficient production of ammonia using environmentally friendly techniques under ambient conditions is crucial to renewable energy storage and industrial applications, and catalysts with new reaction pathways are highly desirable. In this work, black phosphorus (BP) is used as a metal‐free 2D catalyst for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). The electrode is fabricated by layer‐by‐layer assembly of BP nanosheets on an indium tin oxide substrate. The PEC NRR activity in the N₂ saturated aqueous electrolyte without a sacrificial agent is excellent, as exemplified by an ammonia yield rate of 102.4 µg h^?1 mgcat.^?1 and Faradaic efficiency of 23.3% at ?0.4 V, which are the best among nonmetal catalysts for synthesis of ammonia by photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. Furthermore, the BP electrode shows excellent stability after 6 consecutive cycles. The excellent PEC catalytic properties are attributed to the light excitation enhanced electrocatalytic process and that the external bias promoted photocatalytic process improves ammonia production synergistically. The results not only demonstrate the great potential of BP in PEC catalysis, but also identify a promising technique to produce ammonia under ambient conditions using solar energy and electric energy.     

碘在生物样品消解和灰化过程中的丢失研究

用＾１３１Ｉ示踪和中子活化法测定了碘在生物样品酸消解和灰化处理中回收率。结果表明：Ｄ 不同酸消化条件下碘的回收率差别很大。当ＨＮＯ３和ＣＨｌＯ４作消化液、用冷却水回流消解时，生物样品中碘的回收率可达９５％以上。用ＫＯＨ在６５０℃灰化时，回收率可达９０％以上。     

碳化硅结势垒肖特基二极管的质子辐射效应

碳化硅结势垒肖特基二极管(SiC JBS)是新一代航天器电推进系统的关键部件,但高能粒子辐射严重威胁其可靠性与稳定性。为揭示其辐射损伤机理,为其抗辐射加固设计与考核评估储备数据,本研究基于加速器开展了先进商用SiC JBS 10~20 MeV中能质子地面辐照实验,并提取器件辐照前后的正向伏安特性、反向伏安特性、电容电压等电学参数及缺陷特性。系统分析器件关键特性随辐照条件的改变规律。结果显示,质子辐照引起了器件肖特基势垒升高、载流子浓度降低,且10 MeV较低能质子导致的位移损伤退化更严重。分析认为,PN结界面缺陷导致高性能商用SiC JBS反向电学性能对中能质子的辐照更加敏感,正向特性相对稳定,辐照生碳缺陷造成载流子去除效应是引起SiC JBS性能退化的主要机制。     

CPU-GPU协同计算在MOC中子输运异构并行计算中的应用研究

特征线方法（MOC）可以精确求解任意几何的中子输运方程,但该方法收敛慢、计算时间长。本研究基于空间区域分解和特征线并行技术,采用MPI+OpenMP/CUDA编程模型,实现了适用于中央处理器-图形处理器（CPU-GPU）异构系统的二维MOC异构并行算法。为充分利用异构系统中的CPU和GPU计算资源,实现CPU-GPU协同计算,提出动态任务分配模型,根据CPU和GPU的计算能力合理分配计算任务。数值验证结果表明:程序具有良好的计算精度;动态任务分配模型能根据硬件性能给出最佳任务分配方案;5异构节点（包含20块GPU）并行时,相对MPI+CUDA并行模式,采用CPU-GPU协同计算后,程序整体效率提升达到14%。      

快速心肌显像剂^99mTc—TEBO的标记和动物体内分布实验

报道了用＾９９ｍＴｃ标记Ｔｅｂｏｒｏｘｉｍｅ（简称ＴＥＢＯ），并在标记后对其质量进行了鉴定。结果表明，其物理性质、化学性质及生物学性质均符合国家制定的放射性药物的质量标准；动物实验表明，小鼠注射量为成人用量的１００倍、观察１５天后，实验组和对照组无差别；注入量为０．１ｍｌ（２０７．２Ｂｑ／只），２ｍｉｎ后心肌摄取达峰值１７．７５±０．３３％（ｇ ｏｒｇａｎ）＾－１；心肌清除也快，１５ｍｉｎ已清除至     

论解决核电安全问题的途径

从现有水冷反应堆核电厂存在堆芯熔化危险这一安全问题的焦点出发,分析了改进型反应堆AP-600、SIR、非能动安全反应堆PIUS和具有固有安全的模块高温气冷堆MHTGR等的安全特性.按照下一代水冷反应堆的设计要求和用户要求,提出了解决水堆核电厂安全问题的新概念——自安全铀氢锆反应堆,该堆型可能成为世界水堆核电发展的一个方问。中国核动力研究设计院正在探讨这种堆型。     

计算机监控系统的技术分析与探究

监控系统是一种利用计算机软件程序与外接的硬件摄像头进行协作而运行的一种计算机程序。计算机监控系统,应用十分广泛。在人们的生活中,如银行取款处、大型的超市、工业车间以及航天航空等方方面面。其渗透的领域以及范围非常广泛,从生活、工业生产到军事等方面都有着非常优异的表现。文章将主要对计算机监控系统的技术进行分析,探究其在不同应用层面的技术问题。     

A parametric study of a horizontal rotating fluidized bed using slotted and sintered metal cylindrical gas distributors

The pressure drop in a horizontal rotating fluidized bed was measured using slotted and sintered metal cylindrical gas distributors as a function of rotating speed, gas velocity and bed thickness. Experiments were conducted using polydisperse alumina particles and nearly monodisperse glass beads. The pressure drop for the slotted distributor exhibited a much larger pressure overshoot at incipient fluidization than the sintered metal distributor. This behavior was also studied using high-resolution photography. Physically consistent explanations are presented for the observed phenomena. The experimental results are compared to theoretical models available in the literature.     

循环水场补充水量异常的分析和处理方法

以中国石油吉林石化公司电石厂441C循环水场补水量异常问题处理过程为例,通过对循环水运行过程中各种损失因素和计量检测系统的排查,找到了441C循环水场补水量异常的原因并进行了相应的处理,为今后该类问题的解决,提供了行之有效的分析和处理方法。     

Enhancing composition window of bicontinuous structures by designed polydispersity distribution of ABA triblock copolymers

The phase behavior of polydisperse ABA triblock copolymers is studied using dissipative particle dynamics simulations, focusing on the emergence and property of bicontinuous structures. Bicontinuous structures are characterized by two separate, intermeshed nanoscopic domains extending throughout the material. The connectivity of polymeric bicontinuous structures makes them highly desirable for many applications. For conventional monodisperse diblock and triblock copolymers, regular bicontinuous structures (i.e., gyroid and Fddd) can be formed over a narrow composition window of 3%. We demonstrate that the composition window for the formation of bicontinuous structures can be regulated by designed polydispersity distributions of ABA triblock copolymers. In particular, introducing polydispersity in both A and B blocks can lead to a significant enhancement of the composition window of bicontinuous structures with both continuous A and B domains. The mechanism of the bicontinuous structure enhancement is elucidated from the distribution of the long and short blocks. Furthermore, it is shown that the polymeric bicontinuous structures from polydisperse ABA triblock copolymers possess good continuity throughout the sample, making them ideal candidates for advanced applications.