The Tribological Mechanism of MoS<Subscript>2</Subscript> Film under Different Humidity

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been widely used in vacuum environment as an excellent solid lubricant. However, the application of MoS₂ is greatly limited in terrestrial atmosphere due to the sensitivity to humidity. Although the sensitivity of MoS₂ to water vapor has been widely recognized, the mechanism is not clear. To explore the tribological mechanism of MoS₂ in the presence of water vapor, a series of experiments were performed to investigate the effect of N₂ (inert gas), O₂ (active gas), air (a combination of both) and cyclic humidity change in air on the frictional response of MoS₂ to humidity. According to the results, a model that described water adsorption enhanced by active sites in MoS₂ and formed oxides, and an adsorption action change in water molecules with humidity was proposed. The model was applied to explain the recovery and instantaneous response of friction coefficient to humidity change.     

Tribological properties of Fe3Al material under water environment

The tribological properties of Fe₃Al material under water environment sliding against Si₃N₄ ceramic ball were studied using an Optimol SRV oscillating friction and wear tester in a ball-on-disc contact configuration. Effects of load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the Fe₃Al material were investigated. The worn surfaces of the Fe₃Al material were analyzed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Wear rate of the Fe₃Al material was in the orders of 10⁻⁴ mm³ m⁻¹ and increased with increasing load and increasing sliding speed. Friction coefficient of the material was in the range of 0.37–0.6, and decreased slightly with increasing load, but increased at first and then did not vary with increasing sliding speed. The wear mechanism of the material was transformed from microploughing to delaminating with increasing load and sliding speed.     

Tribological Dependence of the High-Performance Ferrous-Based Coating on Different Coating Counterparts in Engine Oil

A ferrous-based coating with significant chromium was fabricated on aluminum alloy substrate using a plasma spray technique. The tribological performance of the as-fabricated ferrous-based coating sliding against different coatings including Cr, CrN, TiN, and diamond-like carbon (DLC) in an engine oil environment were comparatively studied. Results showed that the high hardness of the sprayed ferrous-based coating was achieved due to the dispersion strengthening effect of Cr₇C₃ phase embedded in the austenite matrix. The ferrous-based coating exhibited low friction coefficients when coupled with these four coating counterparts, which could be attributed to the boundary lubricating effect of engine oil. However, both friction and wear of the ferrous-based coating were different when sliding against these different coating counterparts, which might be closely related to the surface roughness, self-lubricating effect, and mechanical properties of the coupled coatings. Ferrous-based coating sliding against CrN and DLC coatings exhibited good tribological performance in engine oil. The best coating counterpart for the ferrous-based coating in an engine was DLC coating.     

TZP陶瓷的高温润滑研究

研究了TZP陶瓷在固体润滑下,室温（25℃）至600℃制备范围内的摩擦学特性．结果表明,使用石墨和MoS₂润滑剂,可在室温至600℃范围内降低TZP／Si₃N₄摩擦副的摩擦系数和磨损率,但当环境温度过高时,摩擦系数和磨损量有所增加;使用CeO₂和Cu对TZP／Si₃N₄摩擦副的摩擦系数影响不大,但可以降低TZP陶瓷的磨损量;CeF₃在高温时,由于结晶化趋势完善及沿（002）面的滑移取向,故可对TZP陶瓷起到良好的润滑作用．     

激光淬火对钛合金高温干摩擦特性影响的实验研究

报道了钛合金TC11对轴承钢GCr15在室温到450℃大气环境下,激光淬火前后球盘对比研究。结果表明,经激光处理后,钛合金在150℃和300℃抗磨能力明显提高,但在室温和450℃改善不明显。     

A tribological study of an S–P–N containing additive in polyalphaolefin

The load‐carrying capacity, antiwear, and friction reduction properties of a novel S—P—N additive (BMDDP) added to a synthetic lubricant, polyalphaolefin (PAO), were evaluated using a four‐ball test machine. The results were compared with those of a commercial S—P—N additive (T307), and show that BMDDP is an excellent extreme pressure and antiwear additive in polyalphaolefin, similar to T307. The rubbed surfaces were investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the antiwear mechanism is discussed.     

An investigation of the friction and wear behaviors of micrometer copper particle‐ and nanometer copper particle‐filled polyoxymethylene composites

Micrometer and nanometer copper particle‐filled polyoxymethylene composites (coded as POM‐micro Cu and POM‐nano Cu, respectively) were prepared by compression molding. The compression strength and tensile strength of the composites were evaluated with a DY35 universal materials tester. An RFT‐III reciprocating friction and wear tester was used to examine the tribological properties of the composites. The elemental compositions in the transfer films and the chemical states of the elements in the composite‐worn surfaces were analyzed with electron probe microanalysis and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, while the surface morphologies were observed with scanning electron microscopy. It was found that Cu( CH₂ O )_n was produced in sliding of a POM‐nano Cu pin against an AISI 1045 steel block and Cu₂O was produced in sliding of a POM‐micro Cu pin against the same counterface. POM‐micro Cu exhibited higher copper concentration in the transfer film compared with POM‐nano Cu, and the transfer film of the former was thick and patchy compared with that of the latter. It was also found that micrometer and nanometer copper particles as fillers in POM exhibit a distinctive size effect in modifying the wear mechanisms of the composites. In other words, the wear mechanism of POM‐micro Cu is mainly scuffing and adhesion, while that of POM‐nano Cu is mainly plastic deformation. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2404–2410, 2000     

The friction and wear properties of nanometer ZrO2-filled polyetheretherketone

Nanometer ZrO₂ filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composite blocks with different filler proportions were prepared by compression molding. Their friction and wear properties were investigated on a block-on-ring machine by running a plain carbon steel (AISI 1045 steel) ring against the composite block. The morphologies of the wear traces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that nanometer ZrO₂-filled PEEK exhibited lower friction coefficient and wear rate in comparison with pure PEEK. The lowest wear rate was obtained with the composite containing 7.5 wt % ZrO₂. The SEM pictures of the wear traces indicated that the plucked and ploughed marks appeared on the wear scar of pure PEEK, while the scuffing on the wear scar of 7.5 wt % nanometer ZrO₂-filled PEEK was obviously abated. Thus, it was inferred that the improvement in the tribological behavior of nanometer ZrO₂-filled PEEK composite was closely related to the improved characteristics of the worn surfaces. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 135–141, 1998     

润滑油性质对汽车排放后处理系统的影响

综述了国内外润滑油对汽柴油排放后处理系统影响的研究进展.润滑油中硫、磷以及硫酸盐灰分等会使汽车三元催化转化剂、柴油DPF排放后处理装置中毒,进而影响三元催化转化器的转化效率以及DPF的性能,进而影响排放.为满足排放后处理装置的耐久性要求,低磷、低硫、低挥发性、长换油周期是润滑油的发展方向.     

特种润滑材料研究进展简述

虽然有些情况下使用气体润滑,但一般认为润滑材料主要包括液体和固体润滑材料。根据使用环境和润滑材料特性,润滑材料可以划分为许多类。特种润滑材料顾名思义是指具有比常规润滑材料更为优异特性的润滑材料。通过分子结构、体相结构设计和复合提升润滑特性一直是制备新型润滑材料的主要途径。对于液体润滑剂和有机分子薄膜,常常将新型分子结构设计和摩擦化学机理探讨结合在一起以发展润滑材料。比如,作为可能的新型润滑剂,离子液体的评价主要通过考察不同官能团和摩擦过程中发生的摩擦化学机制,以指导合成新型离子液体。有机薄膜的摩擦学特性强烈依赖于薄膜分子结构和构造结构。对于经典固体润滑材料,常考虑体相结构设计和复合方法提高或调整摩擦磨损特性。类富勒烯结构的出现赋予类金刚石薄膜更高的弹性和更低的摩擦系数,而金属掺杂能够降低内应力并在有些情况下改善薄膜环境敏感度。由于合成新型聚合物润滑材料比较困难,因此,共混和无机纳米颗粒的添加成为制备良好力学性能和耐磨损特性聚合物润滑材料所采取的方法。高温润滑材料,特别是从室温到高温（1000℃及以上）均具有良好润滑特性的润滑材料的发展依然是一个大的挑战。具有高温稳定性的稀土和陶瓷填充金属是目前设计制备高温润滑材料的主流方法。通过摩擦磨损特性的考察可以获得对润滑材料的表观判断,而基于磨损表面反应物质的分析对摩擦过程中发生在表面的摩擦物理化学机制的探究则是了解润滑材料服役特性和机制的主要手段,也是设计制备新型润滑材料依赖的主要思想来源。