富马海松酸环氧树脂的制备及漆膜性能

通过松香(RA)与富马酸(FA)高温下的Diels-Alder反应合成了富马海松酸(FPA),并利用碳谱(13CNMR)、电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)、红外光谱(IR)对其进行了表征;通过FPA与丁二醇二缩水甘油醚(BDGE)、己二醇二缩水甘油醚(HDGE)的酯化反应合成了松香基环氧树脂预聚体(FB、FH),测试了预聚体与固化剂不同配比下固化物的漆膜性能;结果表明,当n(活性氢)/n(环氧基)在1.0、1.2时,漆膜的硬度大于HB,附着力小于2级,T-弯实验小于2 T,耐冲击强度大于9.8 J,耐化学性能良好。     

动力髋螺钉手术治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果分析

目的探讨动力髋螺钉手术治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果。方法对我院95例股骨粗隆间骨折患者采用DHS治疗。结果本组患者手术时间90～240min,平均140min,出血量100～600mL,平均220mL。均获得随访,随访时间为6～40个月,平均12个月。93例骨折均愈合,2例延迟愈合,与过早负重有关,限制活动后骨折愈合。平均愈合时间为3个月。完全负重时间为5个月,无伤口感染、褥疮、无骨不愈合、髋内翻发生,无螺钉穿出股骨头、退出、钢板断裂及变形。本组优75例,良18例,差2例,优良率为97.9%。结论DHS是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折内固定器械中的首选,手术时间短,内固定牢靠,减少了卧床并发症及髋内翻发生,缩短了住院时间,疗效可靠,值得临床推广应用。     

SWMM模型在南宁心圩江设计洪水中的应用研究

随着城市化的快速发展,导致城市防洪排涝等问题显得越来越突出,受到各级政府和科学技术研究工作者的高度重视。文章以SWMM模型为基础,结合南宁心圩江实际资料,率定各有关参数,利用暴雨推求城市设计洪水,试图寻求适合城市排水设计新方法。     

锂离子电池的针刺测试

由于锂离子电池用户在实际使用中有较严格的安全性要求,采用针刺的方式评价锂离子电池的安全特性就显得比较重要和可行。文章根据内部针刺测试结果,对影响锂离子电池针刺测试结果的因素如荷电状态、正极材料、电池隔膜和针刺速度等做了评价。     

THE BEHAVIOUR-STRUCTURE RELATIONS IN THE EXTRACTION OF COBALT(II), NICKEL(II), COPPER(II) AND CALCIUM(II) BY KONOACIDIC ORGANOPHOSPHORUS EXTRACTANTS

The reaction stoichiometrics were studied in the extraction of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Ca(II) by n-octyl, 1-methylheptyl and 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen styrylphosphonates and di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid and 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen 2-ethylhexylphosphonate. The ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectra were recorded for these extractants and their complexes with the above metals. Based on the experimental data, an empirical relationship was established between the structure of the extractants and the extracting behavior: pH_½ = ApKa + Bν_p=0 - c where pKa and ν_p=0 are the acid dissociation constant of the extractants and the characteristic frequency of infrared absorption for the P=0 group, respectively. The values of A, B and C depend on the extracted metals. The analysis of the relationship between the steric effect of substituting groups and extracting power seems to indicate that the steric effect has been implied in the coefficients A, B and C.     

Ultrasonic air-coupled testing of square-shape CFRP composite rods by means of guided waves

In aerospace industry, one of the most important parts of gliders and motor-gliders is a lightweight longeron reinforcement made of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) rods, known as Graphlite SM315 composite. During manufacturing, the rods as constructional elements are glued together in epoxy-filled matrix in order to build the arbitrary spar profile. The defects present in single rods such as breakage of fibres, multiple delaminations due to the lack of bonding between fibres and reduction in density affect essentially the strength and the fail-safety of the overall construction.The aim of the present work is to investigate the effects (transmission, reflection, scattering and mode conversion) of guided waves propagation along a square-shape CFRP rod in the case of contactless excitation/reception and interaction with region of multiple delaminations applying the numerical model and performing experiments.The square-shape CFRP composite rods possessing internal artificial delamination type defects have been investigated by numerical modelling and experiments employing the developed air-coupled technique (pitch-catch set-up) for cases of conventional transmission and advanced back-scattering configurations. Numerical predictions of guided wave interaction with a multiple delamination type defect in a CFRP composite rod have been made and the interaction mechanism explained. It is possible to conclude, that the actual sizes of the internal defects have been clearly detected using reception of the back-scattered waves over the edges of the defective regions only.     

Assessment of photovoltaic potential in urban areas using open-source solar radiation tools

This study presents a methodology for the assessment of photovoltaic potential in urban areas using open-source solar radiation tools and a 3-D city model implemented in a geographic information system (GIS). The solar radiation tools are represented by the r.sun solar radiation model and PVGIS estimation utility. The applicability of the methodology has been demonstrated on a selected urban area of a small city in eastern Slovakia. The relevant attributes of buildings have been mapped and implemented in a GIS database. The selected urban area consists of various urban zones characterized by different morphology and functionality. The photovoltaic potential of buildings has been assessed using the PVGIS estimation utility. The analysis has shown a high photovoltaic potential that could cover about 2/3 of current electricity consumption in the city. However, this potential exhibits large spatial and temporal variations caused by global and local factors. This study has also shown that national assessments of photovoltaic potential can be improved by extrapolation of local assessments using spatial databases of urban areas.     

Ultrasonic non-destructive on-line estimation of the tensile stiffness of a running paper web

A new method for measuring the elastic properties of paper on-line in a paper machine by using ultrasound has been developed. The unique feature of the method is that a continuous stochastic ultrasonic signal is used for measurements, which is generated by means of a dry friction between a running paper web and a rigidly fixed friction head. The signals from the web are picked up by an array of air-coupled ultrasonic receivers, which have no mechanical contact with the paper web. The ultrasound velocity in the web is obtained by means of the correlation processing. By using advanced digital signal processing, the tensile stiffness index (TSI) of the running web is determined. From the sensor we get the TSI values both in the machine direction and the cross-machine direction.The on-line ultrasonic sensors have been installed on two different paper machines for more than two years. This paper describes the background of the method, as well as some experiences and applications from two mill installations.