A psychometric investigation of the standard and short form Beck Depression Inventory.

Administered the standard and short forms of the inventory to 163 participants in a methadone maintenance program. The internal consistency reliability was .85 for the standard and .83 for the short form. The correlation between the standard and short forms was .93. Both forms also correlated significantly with the Self-Rating Depression Scale and University of California–Los Angeles Loneliness Scale. Results support the use of the short form as a reliable and valid brief screening measure of depression. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

奥钢联宽板坯连铸的技术能力

从连铸开始以来,最大的可浇铸宽度稳定增加,其中几台连铸机现已成功浇铸了宽3～3.2m的板坯.2004年,奥钢联在中国南京钢铁有限公司调试了世界上最宽的板坯连铸机.这台中厚板坯连铸机将以2m/min的拉速生产3.25m宽的板坯.南钢的连铸机是在奥钢联许多宽度大于2m的传统连铸机和中厚板坯连铸机基础上获得成功的,其宽度和厚度之比使这一工艺得以"近终型"浇铸.本文讨论了奥钢联宽板坯连铸方面的能力和专长.宽板坯连铸设计的关键在于结晶器内的钢流情况、结晶器的设计、铸流导向段的支撑设计、二冷喷淋设计和连铸自动化.     

SOME EFFECTS OF THE USE OF GIBBERELLIC ACID IN MALTING

In a conventional two-steep process or in a rapid steeping procedure, gibberellic acid at a concentration of 0·5 p.p.m. effected increases in hot water extracts of the resultant malts when it was added in either of the two steeps. A much greater effect was obtained by the addition of the stimulant to the second steep than to the first, or by applying it as a spray after steeping. When it was employed in both steeps the effects produced were cumulative. No advantage accrued if the grain was aerated during steeping in gibberellic acid solution or soaked in hydrogen peroxide solution since higher hot water extracts and more rapid modification were not obtained, and malting losses, largely resulting from additional formation of rootlets, were increased.     

Alternatives to linear analysis of energy balance data from lactating dairy cows

The current energy requirements system used in the United Kingdom for lactating dairy cows utilizes key parameters such as metabolizable energy intake (MEI) at maintenance (MEm), the efficiency of utilization of MEI for 1) maintenance, 2) milk production (kl), 3) growth (kg), and the efficiency of utilization of body stores for milk production (kt). Traditionally, these have been determined using linear regression methods to analyze energy balance data from calorimetry experiments. Many studies have highlighted a number of concerns over current energy feeding systems particularly in relation to these key parameters, and the linear models used for analyzing. Therefore, a database containing 652 dairy cow observations was assembled from calorimetry studies in the United Kingdom. Five functions for analyzing energy balance data were considered: straight line, two diminishing returns functions, (the Mitscherlich and the rectangular hyperbola), and two sigmoidal functions (the logistic and the Gompertz). Meta-analysis of the data was conducted to estimate kg and kt. Values of 0.83 to 0.86 and 0.66 to 0.69 were obtained for kg and kt using all the functions (with standard errors of 0.028 and 0.027), respectively, which were considerably different from previous reports of 0.60 to 0.75 for kg and 0.82 to 0.84 for kt. Using the estimated values of kg and kt, the data were corrected to allow for body tissue changes. Based on the definition of kl as the derivative of the ratio of milk energy derived from MEI to MEI directed towards milk production, MEm and kl were determined. Meta-analysis of the pooled data showed that the average kl ranged from 0.50 to 0.58 and MEm ranged between 0.34 and 0.64 MJ/kg of BW0.75 per day. Although the constrained Mitscherlich fitted the data as good as the straight line, more observations at high energy intakes (above 2.4 MJ/kg of BW0.75 per day) are required to determine conclusively whether milk energy is related to MEI linearly or not.