原料复配制备木质素基成型活性炭研究

以碱木质素和杉木屑为原料,磷酸为活化剂,制备碱木质素基成型活性炭,考察了碱木质素质量分数、浸渍比、活化温度、活化时间等对活性炭性能的影响。研究结果表明：碱木质素复配杉木屑(碱木质素质量分数50%)后,复配料的表面润湿性显著提高,瞬时水接触角由133.2°(碱木质素)降低至86.6°(复配料);热膨胀系数显著降低,膨胀温度区间的热膨胀系数由2 365μm/(m·℃)(碱木质素)降低至45μm/(m·℃)(复配料)。在最佳工艺条件即碱木质素质量分数50%、浸渍比1.5∶1(纯磷酸与复配料质量比)、活化温度500℃、活化时间90 min下,制备的成型活性炭得率41.76%,碘吸附值1 070 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值255 mg/g,强度90%,比表面积1 646 m²/g,总孔容积为0.795 cm³/g,其中孔径小于5 nm的孔容积占总孔容积的97.2%。     

Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel with Polyaniline–Thiokol Rubber Composite Coatings

The anti-corrosion performance of polyaniline-thiokol rubber (PANI/TR) composite coating applied to mild steel samples in artificial brine and hydrochloric acid environments is for the first time evaluated in this paper. The PANI/TR composite -coatings on mild steel were electropolymerized in a nonaqueous solution. EDS, XPS and SEM were concurrently used to characterize the structure, as well as composition of the coating and show that the structure is favorable to the corrosion protection. Both potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that the PANI/TR coating outperforms PANI coating both in the adhesion to the substrate and its corrosion protection, making the free corrosion potential by about 100mV more positive. As a result, the mild steel corrosion was greatly impeded by applying PANI/TR composite conductive polymer coating.     

柴油乳化的研究及其进展

传统乳化柴油的研究与应用情况及其存在的问题,乳化柴油的节能降污机理以及微乳化的机理,乳化剂的选择和用量、乳化工艺对乳化柴油的稳定性的影响,乳化柴油对环境的改善,柴油微乳化工艺中微乳液的形成及微乳化柴油的特点。     

中小型水泥矿山的勘察、设计与开采

我国存在大量的产量50万以或以下的中小型水泥矿山。据测算，目前这些矿山仍承担了水泥原料50％以上的开采量。它们大多地质勘察程度不足、没有正式的规划设计，并采取高台段开采。甚至于有部分小型矿点乱采乱掘，造成地形地貌的严重破坏，正如有人形容此类现象如“螃蟹吃豆腐，吃的不多，挠坏的不少”。据有关统计，此类矿山的资源利用率仅在30％～40％（而较大型矿山的资源利用率达90％以上）。这样，不仅造成矿产资源的极大浪费：还会造成生态环境的严重破坏和矿山安全事故的频繁发生：这就难以保证企业的可持续性发展．更不利于节约型建材工业的建设。     

换流站交流滤波器C1电容器不平衡保护定值研究

不平衡保护是高压换流站交流滤波器C1电容器的主保护.介绍了C1不平衡保护的双向计数原理,对电容器故障后元件过电压情况进行计算分析.结合计算结果和C1不平衡保护跳闸统计分析,对保护分段动作定值进行研究,发现目前的保护定值不利于交流滤波器的可靠运行,且使得Ⅱ段保护出口的设置失去了意义.通过对电容器元件过电压性能的分析,结合交流滤波器的实际运行经验,分别给出Ⅱ段、Ⅲ段保护定值的调整建议,调整后的保护定值可以很好地体现保护的分段动作逻辑,减少交流滤波器跳闸事故的发生.     

在世界屋脊建设现代化的水泥矿山--西藏堆龙德庆县加木沟大理岩矿山的设计与施工

据传说,堆龙德庆县乃琼镇加木沟是唐代文成公主入住拉萨大昭寺前，生活休息的最后的一个驻地。举世瞩目的青藏铁路从那里穿过.在距青藏铁路乃琼站约2～3km处，一个与青藏铁路同期兴建，施工与设计难度同样很大的，由建材行业员工们建设的现代化的水泥矿山,就鲜为人知了。     

磷酸法木质活性炭除灰新工艺研究

研究了磷酸在不同加热温度下生成聚合磷酸的水溶性和酸溶性。结果表明：随着加热温度的升高,磷酸形成的聚合磷酸的溶解性下降,水溶解度和酸溶解度分别从98.71%和98.93%降低至73.12%和74.80%。以商品磷酸法木质活性炭为样品,以常规水洗除灰为对照,研究了酸洗、加热洗涤、添加氧化剂次氯酸、离心脱水方式等对活性炭灰分及其吸附性能的影响,并对洗涤后的活性炭样品进行比表面积及孔结构测定,确定了适宜的洗涤条件：洗涤温度为80℃,使用5% HCl并添加次氯酸洗2次,水洗3次,洗涤过程均用离心脱水方式。洗涤过后,活性炭样品的灰分从常规水洗除灰的6.24%降低至1.49%;此时活性炭的比表面积1 503 m²/g、孔径3.656 nm、孔容积1.361 cm³/g、碘吸附值975 mg/g、亚甲基蓝吸附值277.5 mg/g、焦糖脱色率110%,相比水洗除灰均有所增大。因此,活化过程在较低温度下进行并使用上述组合除灰工艺可制备出低灰分磷酸法木质活性炭。     

Starch foam material performance prediction based on a radial basis function artificial neural network trained by bare‐bones particle swarm optimization with an adaptive disturbance factor

A novel model based on a radial basis artificial neural network and bare‐bones particle swarm optimization tuned with adaptive disturbance factor for predicting the performances of starch‐based foam materials was established. The ethylene–vinyl acetate/starch mass ratio, glycerin content, and NaHCO₃ content were used as the input variables, whereas the tensile strength and rebound rate were taken as the output variables of the model. The prediction results show that model predictions were in great accordance with the experimental values. The root mean square error of prediction and the correlation coefficients were 0.0256 and 0.9873; this indicated the good performance of the model. The model predicted that the tensile strength of the starch‐based foam materials would decrease slowly with increasing glycerin content and showed a V‐shaped variation with increasing NaHCO₃ content. The rebound rate increased with increasing glycerin content and presented an inverted V‐shaped variation with increasing NaHCO₃ content. The predicted results were consistent with the experimental results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44252.     

3%NaCl溶液中铜的表面膜及BTA膜的光电化学研究

３％ＮａＣｌ溶液中铜的表面膜及ＢＴＡ膜的光电化学研究任聚杰，杨迈之，童汝亭，蔡生民（河北医学院石家庄０５００１７）（北京大学北京１００８７１）（河北师范大学石家庄０５００１６）１引言人们已经注意到Ｃｌ－对Ｃｕ有腐蚀作用［１，２］，关于ＢＴＡ对Ｃｕ的缓...