贮氢合金催化共轭二烯烃类聚合物双键加氢的研究

研究了共轭二烯烃类聚合物在贮氢合金氢化物存在下双键加氢的情况。结果表明AB；型贮氢合金[包括LaNi5和MINi5-x(CoMnAl)8]可催化NBR、NR、BR、SBS等共轭二烯烃聚合物双键加氢，其氢化度分别可达33．5％、31．1％、45．8％、32．3％。采用IR、^1H NMR、碘量分析法等手段对加氢产物进行了分析，表明聚合物中双键加氢的同时，NBR中的-C≡N和SBS中的苯环不受影响。此外。研究结果还表明合金组成、表面处理方式等对贮氢合金催化共轭二烯烃类聚合物双键加氢活性有影响。合金氢化物在共轭二烯烃类聚合物双键加氢过程中具有提供氢源与催化双重功能。     

管式吸附床的三维传热数值分析及结构改进

为考察吸附床内不同管数和管径对传热的影响,分别设定吸附床的换热面积或填充量为定值,改变传热管的直径及管数,建立了吸附床三维几何模型,利用FLUENT软件进行数值模拟计算,得到吸附床温度场变化规律.结果表明:当吸附床换热面积或填充量一定时,随着换热管数目增多,直径减小,同一时刻吸附床轴向和径向各点温度上升更快,分布更均匀,强化了传热;质量流量对床层温度没有大的影响;并对原吸附床结构进行改进,由原来的5根Ф32×3 mm的传热管和12根Ф10×1mm传质管改为Ф10×1 mm的50根传热管和23根传质管,其填充量变化不大,但换热面积却由0.58 m2增加为1.11 m2,床层温度分布更均匀,强化了传热,缩短了循环周期.     

沙汝河流域土壤侵蚀状况动态变化分析

在遥感和地理信息系统的支持下,使用USLE模型研究沙汝河流域1992年～2007年土壤侵蚀状况,获取土壤侵蚀定量数据.结果表明:在研究时段内,流域发生水土流失的面积变化不大,流域内土壤侵蚀最明显的变化体现在侵蚀模数上,三时期平均水土流失模数呈持续上升趋势,从1992年的1 666.698t/(km2·a)升至2002年的1 672.324t/(km2·a),2007年达1 858.095 t/(km2·a).     

分步逼近法实现界址点定位的研究

针对地籍测量中界址点坐标未知,界址标志丢失一类问题,提出了分步逼近法实现边界的绝对定位．实测数据表明,该法不仅满足了界址点定位精度,并保证了现有土地地籍的可靠性     

黄河花园口段不同泥沙含量水体的多角度偏振研究

悬浮泥沙一直是黄河治理过程中面临的一个重大问题,在黄河泥沙物理和数学模型的开发等方面都取得了一定的进展,但是通用模式和高精度的模式一直还未建立起来,因此现阶段提高定量的精度已经成为众多研究水体泥沙学者的研究目标.本文对黄河花园口段水体进行多角度偏振反射研究,通过大量实验挖掘不同泥沙浓度的黄河水体不同的偏振特征,为黄河水体悬浮泥沙的偏振定量研究提供参考.     

用夹点法合成常减压蒸馏装置的换热网络

采用夹点法对某炼油厂常减压装置的换热网络进行了优化合成，与原换热网络相比，本换热网络的加热炉热负荷大约降低了１２．７％，换热面积增大了７．８％，冷公用工程均用于发生水蒸汽．     

Identification of Bioactivity,Volatile and Fatty Acid Profile in Supercritical Fluid Extracts of Mexican arnica

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a sustainable technique used for the extraction of lipophilic metabolites such as pigments and fatty acids. Arnica plant is considered a potential candidate material with high antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Therefore, in this study, a locally available Heterotheca inuloides, also known as Mexican arnica, was analyzed for the extraction of high-value compounds. Based on different pressure (P), temperature (T), and co-solvent (CoS), four treatments (T) were prepared. A maximum 7.13% yield was recovered from T2 (T = 60 °C, P = 10 MPa, CoS = 8 g/min), followed by 6.69% from T4 (T = 60 °C, P = 30 MPa, CoS = 4 g/min). Some bioactive sesquiterpenoids such as 7-hydroxycadalene, caryophyllene and δ-cadinene were identified in the extracts by GC/MS. The fatty acid profile revealed that the main components were palmitic acid (C16:0), followed by linoleic acid (C18:2ω6c), α-linolenic acid (C18:3ω3) and stearic acid (C18:0) differing in percent yield per treatment. Antibacterial activities were determined by the agar diffusion method, indicating that all the treatments exerted strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, C. albicans, and E. coli strains. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was also measured by three in vitro assays, DPPH, TEAC and FRAP, using Trolox as a standard. Results showed high antioxidant capacity enabling pharmaceutical applications of Mexican arnica.     

Potassium persulfate-mediated preparation of conducting polypyrrole/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers: Humidity and temperature-sensing properties

Conducting polypyrrole (PPy)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite fibers were prepared by the polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of PAN fibers with potassium persulfate in an acidic aqueous solution. We obtained composite fibers containing concentrations of PPy as high as 1.14% and having surface resistivities as low as 0.6 kΩ/cm² by changing the polymerization parameters, including the temperature and concentrations of pyrrole and oxidant. The tensile strength of 10.02 N/m² and breaking elongation of 32.68% for the pure PAN fiber increased up to 10.45 N/m² and 33.23%, respectively, for the composite fiber containing 0.13% PPy. The change in the resistivity of the PPy/PAN composite fiber during heating–cooling cycles in the temperature range of +5 to 120°C was examined. Scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy images of the composite fibers showed that the PPy coating was restricted to the surfaces of the PAN fibers. Surface resistivity measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques were also used to characterize the composite fibers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

水源保护区划界的遥感与GIS技术研究

科学合理地划定水源地的保护范围是一项技术含量较高的工作。以厦门市饮用水源中的北溪引水渠(管道)和坂头水库为例,根据饮用水源保护区划分原则,研究基于数字化的地形图建立数字高程模型并自动生成汇水区盆地和流域范围的GIS技术、获取相关自然环境专题信息的遥感技术、以及综合利用社会和自然等多种数据源进行保护区范围界定的方法。重点探讨数字高程模型的建立以及汇水区盆地和流域边界自动生成的GIS方法。     

Silicon neuron: digital hardware implementation of the quartic model

This paper presents an FPGA implementation of the quartic neuron model. This approach uses digital computation to emulate individual neuron behavior. We implemented the neuron model using fixed-point arithmetic operation. The neuron model’s computations are performed in arithmetic pipelines. It was designed in VHDL language and simulated prior to mapping in the FPGA. We show that the proposed FPGA implementation of the quartic neuron model can emulate the electrophysiological activities in various types of cortical neurons and is capable of producing a variety of different behaviors, with diversity similar to that of neuronal cells. The neuron family of this digital neuron can be modified by appropriately adjusting the neuron model’s parameters.