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11.
Wastewater discharge from coal refining plants contains a number of biologically toxic compounds; 2000-2500 mg/l of COD of which 40% is composed of phenol, 100-400 mg/l of thiocyanate, 10-40 mg/l of cyanide, 100-250 mg/l of NH4+-N and 150-300 mg/l of total nitrogen. In order to treat this kind of high strength wastewater, we have developed a high performance biofilm process using fluidizing bio-carriers of the tube chip type. The fluidizing biofilm carriers are made of a composite of polyethylene and several inorganic materials, whose density is controlled at 0.97-0.98 g/ml. The fluidizing biofilm carriers show sound fluidization characteristics inside bioreactors. The wastewater is treated using three consecutive series reactors in oxic-anoxic-oxic arrangement. Each reactor is charged with the fluidizing biofilm carriers of 50 vol%. Furthermore, newly cultured active microorganisms for the thiocyanate biodegradation are added in the biofilm process. At total hydraulic retention time of 2.2 days, this process can achieve steady state removal efficiencies: COD, 99%; thiocyanate, 99%; NH4+-N, 99% and total nitrogen, 90%. 相似文献
12.
A 78-year-old Chinese woman presented with recurrent postprandial abdominal pain. Computerised tomography revealed a small bowel tumour causing volvulus of a segment of the small bowel. Laparotomy confirmed an extraluminal ileal tumour with partial volvulus of the involved small bowel segment. Small bowel resection was done. Histological and ultrastructural studies confirmed a gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumour. We review the medical literature on this rare tumour. 相似文献
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14.
本文引进一个定义在L~∞(0,1)上格半范数ρp与一个熟知的格半范数ρ0关系,证明了在L~∞(0,1)中的序区间上,ρ0-拓扑与ρp-拓扑等价,从而证明了(L~∞(0,1),ρp)′的闭单位球是(L~∞(0,1),ρp)′的某个子集的弱-闭包,本文还证明了(L~∞(0,1),ρp)′可看作WeakLp(0,1)对偶空间的奇异部一个理想,而且这奇异部可由(L~∞(0,1),ρp)′与一算子族生成.(f)all(l.\n,oo(j.)=hillsill)t ̄.,iff ̄*(t)respectivelyall'l,L(q,1)isthepredlslaloftyreakLI',allllh,rlloll--at(,llli('llleasllrealga(l ̄s,arepresellta'tiolltlleorenlff,relelllelltsillSac,all(lS,,.isof)taille(l.However,ill[2],itisslldwnthattilerepreselltatiolltilesf)relllof)taille(lill[.5]isill(torre(?t.Inthisnote,wede 相似文献
15.
One requirement in designing and operating and operating system is to minimize the moisture change in stored grain. Moisture transfer during the aeration process is generally believed to be caused by the partial pressure difference between water in grain and water in air (P3-P4). A mathematical model was developed for rough rice, which predicts the partial pressure difference under various grain and ambient conditions. Observations of moisture change over 10 aeration tests confirmed the good correlation between sorption phenomena and partial pressure differences. Studies indicated that air relative humidity, air temperature, grain temperature and grain moisture are significant factors influencing the partial pressure differences and, thus, affecting 相似文献
16.
S J Chung S Balaji M Matheswaran T Ramesh I S Moon 《Water science and technology》2007,55(1-2):261-266
This study investigates the hybrid mediated electrochemical oxidation (HMEO) technology, which is a newly developed non thermal electrochemical oxidation process for organic destruction. A combination of ozone and ultrasonication processes to the mediated electrochemical oxidation (MEO) process is termed as hybrid mediated electrochemical oxidation. The electrochemical cell was developed in this laboratory. In the present study, several organic compounds, such as phenol, benzoquinone and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), were chosen as the model organic pollutants to be destructed by the hybrid process. The organic destruction was monitored based on the CO2 generation and total organic carbon (TOC) reduction. The HMEO process was found to be extremely effective in the destruction of all the target organics chosen in this study. The information obtained from this study will provide an insight in adopting this technique for dealing with more recalcitrant organics (POPs). 相似文献
17.
Factors affecting the activity of anammox bacteria during start up in the continuous culture reactor. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Factors affecting cultivation of extremely slow-growing bacteria (anaerobic ammonium oxidiser, doubling time 11 days) were investigated by using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors which can maintain high solid retention time. The effects of concentrations of DO, free ammonia (FA), and nitrite on activation of anammox activity were tested during the start-up period. The reactor was inoculated with granular sludge collected from a full-scale UASB reactor used for treating brewery wastewater, and sludge from a piggery wastewater treatment plant and rotating biological contactor treating sewage. Results of continuous operation showed that concentrations of DO, free ammonia (FA) and nitrite in the reactors played a key role in stimulating the anammox activity during start-up period. It is crucial to keep DO below 0.2 ppm, FA below 2 mg/L and nitrite nitrogen below 35 mg/L to cultivate anammox cells in the continuous bioreactor. When the levels of DO, FA and nitrite in the influent were controlled at less than the inhibition levels, the anammox activity increased gradually in the anaerobic condition. Addition of hydrogen sulphide into the reactor enhanced anammox activity in the continuous culture. Through the SEM, TEM and FISH analysis, anammox bacteria were detected in the granular sludge after 3 months of continuous operation. 相似文献
18.
Zhihui Zhang Bing Q. Han Kyung H. Chung Enrique J. Lavernia 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2006,37(7):2265-2273
The current study aims to provide fundamental insight into the behavior of microstructures containing grain sizes that span
multiple length scales. A commercial 5083 Al alloy was selected as the material of interest to facilitate comparison with
recently published data. The materials studied here were prepared via the thermal consolidation of powders that were cryomilled
for different times (i.e., 0, 2, 4, and 8 hours). Following consolidation, the resultant microstructure was characterized by an equiaxed grain morphology
with a size distribution centered around 200∼300 nm. Dispersed among the 200- to 300-nm grains were coarse-grained regions
or ligaments with a grain size ranging from 600 nm to 2 μm. The occurrence of coarse-grained regions is rationalized on the
basis of recrystallization or subgrain coarsening, whereas the occurrence of equiaxed fine regions is proposed to be a result
of continuous grain growth. Two types of microstructures were selected for study, containing coarse-grained volumes of approximately
28 pct and 43 pct that corresponded to an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 566 MPa and 535 MPa, and a fracture strain of
3.2 pct and 3.5 pct, respectively. The observed ductility and the relevant toughening mechanisms were discussed in light of
the presence of multiple length scales. 相似文献
19.
Who Kee Chung 《Microelectronics Reliability》1987,27(4)
The paper presents a reliability model of a k-out-of-N:G redundant system with M mutually exclusive failure modes and common cause failures. Failed system repair times are arbitrarily distributed. The system is in a failed state when (N−k+1) units failed or a common cause failure occurred. Laplace transforms of the state probabilities and the availability of the system are derived. Finally, the system steady-state availability is also reported. 相似文献
20.