比较香港肝癌分期和巴塞罗那肝癌分期对TACE后生存的预测作用

【摘要】 目的 比较香港肝癌分期（HKLC）和巴塞罗那肝癌（BCLC）分期对TACE治疗原发性肝癌预后判断能力的差别。方法 回顾性分析2008年8月—2015年12月间182例初发的行TACE治疗的原发性肝癌患者，按两种分期方法完成分期评分，Kaplan- Meier分析计算两种分期方法各分期间的中位生存时间，并计算各分期系统似然比（LR）χ2值、赤池信息量准则（AIC）和Harrell C值。结果 两种分期方法各分期间的生存时间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。HKLC分期系统的AIC、LR χ2及Harrell C值分别是1 360、66.6、0.813，而BCLC的AIC、LR χ2及Harrell C值分别为1365、61.8、0.772。结论 相对于BCLC分期，HKLC分期更适合预测国内行TACE治疗的原发性肝癌患者的生存时间。
     

Discrete element method (DEM) modeling of fracture and damage in the machining process of polycrystalline SiC

Discrete element method (DEM) was employed in the research works presented in this paper to simulate the microscopic machining process of ceramics. A densely packed particle assembly system of the polycrystalline SiC has been generated in DEM software package PFC2D using bonded-particle model (BPM) in order to represent for the ceramic part numerically. Microscopic mechanical properties of SiC were calibrated by comparing the numerical tests in PFC2D with the equivalent experimental results, and introduced into the subsequent modeling of the ceramic machining process. The dynamic process of initiation and propagation of the micro-cracks under various machining conditions has been explicitly modeled in the DEM simulations. The numerical results from DEM modeling agreed well with the experimental observations and theoretical predictions. Rational relations between cracking damage of ceramics and cutting conditions have been established based on the analysis of simulation results. A generalized model of defining the range of inelastic zone has also been developed based on the numerical results. Moreover, this study has demonstrated the advantage of DEM model in its capability of revealing the mechanical details of machining process at micro-scale.     

基于一种冷风扇的包装优化设计

冷风扇作为一种特殊的小家电产品,由于它比较重,体积大,结构相对比一般小家电的产品比较复杂,在实际包装运输过程中的破损率高.本文主要针对一种特殊家电产品冷风扇的包装设计、包装运输跌落试验及试验结果的分析研究,设计出相对优化的包装方案.并经过实际销售运输环境验证,大大的降低冷风扇外观破损率,保证了产品包装可靠性.     

Al-Mg-Si合金线导电率演变规律与机制

通过不同温度退火处理模拟架空输电用Al-Mg-Si合金线的热服役环境,对不同退火温度下Al-Mg-Si合金线的导电率演变规律与机制进行了研究。结果表明,Al-Mg-Si合金线的导电率随着退火温度的升高呈现3阶段特征,第一阶段温度为90~150 ℃,Al-Mg-Si合金线导电率略微增大,缺陷的回复是本阶段Al-Mg-Si合金线导电率增大的原因;第二阶段温度为150~200 ℃,析出相的长大和固溶原子的析出导致Al-Mg-Si合金线导电率大幅增大;第三阶段温度为200~300 ℃,晶粒长大是Al-Mg-Si合金线导电率缓慢增大的主要原因。     

相位波带片型时间透镜研究

基于Opti-System软件,对相位波带片型时间透镜进行了深入研究。明确了中心波长对相位波带片型时间透镜焦距色散补偿量的影响机理,建立了中心波长、色散补偿量与输出光脉冲消光比及脉冲宽度间的关系。研究结果表明,相位波带片型时间透镜的焦距色散补偿量,在1 310~1 550 nm波长范围与光信号中心波长呈近似线性关系。通过线性拟合,得出焦距色散补偿量与中心波长的线性关系公式。对于不同波长的输入光波,可通过公式确定最佳焦距色散补偿量,实现最窄脉宽和最优消光比的光脉冲输出。研究结果可为优化相位波带片型时间透镜设计提供理论指导,进而拓宽相位波带片型时间透镜的应用范围。     

一起直流系统母线绝缘下降故障实例分析

直流系统发生接地时,会引起保护装置拒动或误动;文章探究了直流系统接地故障产生的原因及其带来的危害,并归纳了国内大部分变电所采用的直流系统绝缘检测方法。结合某个220k V变电所一起直流系统绝缘下降事故,通过电压变化特性判断绝缘产生的原因,确认是由于直流Ⅱ段母线上的支路绝缘下降所引起,且是主要由电容、电感等组成的电源录波器,导致直流母线正极对地电压下降。     

间位芳纶纸板的制备及性能研究

采用间位芳纶短切纤维和沉析纤维为原材料制备了芳纶纸板,分析了纤维配比、温度及压强对纸板电气强度及拉伸性能的影响,并对纸板金属离子含量、水浸液电导率和p H值、耐油污性能等进行了研究。结果表明:间位芳纶纸板最佳的纤维配比为短切纤维∶沉析纤维=5∶5,最佳工艺是热压温度280℃、热压压强8 MPa。间位芳纶纸板的综合性能达到国外同类产品水平,具有良好的应用前景。     

基于模糊隶属度的电力系统抗差估计

提出了一种电力系统模糊自适应抗差估计(fuzzy adaptive robust estimation,FARE)方法。计及了量测权重的不确定性,以连续的模糊隶属度评价测点的优劣,很好地解决了测点非优即劣的问题,以最小化测点劣质性的加权模糊隶属度之和为优化目标,采用原对偶内点法(Primal-Dual Interior Point Method,PDIPM)求解,并且实现了对量测粗差的自适应。多个IEEE标准算例以及波兰系统的仿真测试结果表明,该方法具有良好的抗差性能。     

The toughening effect and mechanism of styrene‐butadiene rubber nanoparticles for novolac resin

In this article, phenolic nanocomposites were prepared using styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) nanoparticles with an average particle size of about 60 nm as the toughening agent. The mechanical and thermal properties of phenolic nanocomposites and the toughening mechanism were studied thoroughly. The results showed that when adding 2.5 wt % SBR nanoparticles, the notched impact strength of phenolic nanocomposites reached the maximum value and was increased by 52%, without sacrificing the flexural performance. Meanwhile, SBR nanoparticles had no significant effect on the thermal decomposition temperature of phenolic nanocomposites. The glass‐transition temperature (T_g) of phenolic nanocomposites shifted to a lower temperature accompanying with the increasing T_g of loaded SBR, which showed there was a certain compatibility between SBR nanoparticles and phenol‐formaldehyde resin (PF). Furthermore, the analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that there existed a weak chemical interaction between SBR nanoparticles and the PF matrix. The certain compatibility and weak chemical interaction promoted the formation of a transition layer and improved the interfacial bonding, which might be important reasons for the great enhancement of the toughness for phenolic nanocomposites. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41533.