Electrochemical behavior of alpha-MoO3 nanorods as cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries

The electrochemical properties of alpha-MoO3 nanorods, which were synthesized via a solution-based method and following calcination, have been reported as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Detailed lithium-insertion process of the material has been conducted by means of cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic method, and impedance technique, and superior features associated with the nanostructures have been observed. The alpha-MoO3 nanorods exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 271.8 mAh/g under a current density of 0.1 mA/cm2 in the range 1.0 approximately 3.0 V, which nearly approached the theoretical capacity 280 mAh/g. Comparison of the structural and electrochemical characteristics with those of bulk alpha-MoO3 suggests the enhanced electrochemical performance might be related to the rodlike structure and increased edge and corner effects.     

Quantification of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl adducts in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells dosed with N-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl and their relationship to mutation, toxicity, and gene expression profiling

Gene expression profiles that are anchored to phenotypic endpoints may lead to the identification of signatures that predict mutagenicity or carcinogenicity. The study presented here describes the analysis of DNA adducts in the human TK6 lymphoblastoid cell line after exposure to N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl, a mutagenic metabolite of 4-aminobiphenyl. A validated nano-LC microelectrospray mass spectrometry assay is reported for the detection and quantification of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl (dG-C8-ABP), the principal DNA adduct of 4-aminobiphenyl. Limits of quantification, based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 10:1, are determined to correspond to approximately 27 fg of dG-C8-ABP injected on-column. The assay has been used to measure the steady-state levels of the adduct in the human TK6 lymphoblastoid cell line as a function of dose (0.5, 1.0, and 10.0 microM) and time (2, 6, and 27 h) after exposure to N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl. The levels of dG-C8-ABP adducts in the cells, ranging from 18 to 500 adducts in 10(9) nucleotides, were then correlated to cell toxicity, induced mutation at the TK (thymidine kinase) and HPRT loci, and gene expression profiling through microarray analysis. Cell cultures were evaluated for toxicity by growth curve extrapolation, mutation assays were performed on the HPRT and TK loci, and gene expression profiles were generated by analyses using microarray technology. In the mutation assay analysis, as the toxicant concentration increased, there was an increase in mutation fraction, indicating a direct correlation to metabolite dosing level and mutations occurring at these two loci. Statistical analysis of the gene expression data determined that a total of 2250 genes exhibited statistically significant changes in expression after treatment with N-OH-AABP (P < 0.05). Among the genes identified, 2245 were up-regulated, whereas 5 genes that had functions in cell survival and cell growth and, hence, could be indicators of toxicity, were down-regulated relative to controls. The results demonstrate the value of anchoring gene expression patterns to phenotypic markers, such as DNA adduct levels, toxicity, and mutagenicity.     

Linear Unbiased State Estimation with Random One-Step Sensor Delay

Sensor delay and observation uncertainty often occur in modern computer-based systems, e.g., when the measurement is transmitted to a remote controller through a network medium. In this paper, we revisit the Kalman filter design problem for a stochastic dynamic system with random one-step sensor delay, and derive the optimal unbiased state estimation algorithm. Both full- and reduced-order filters are studied, and the results compare favorably with those of the existing algorithms in examples via simulation.     

Additional Y3+ or Al3+ Dopants on the Ferromagnetism of Co Doped Ceria Diluted Magnetic Oxide

Al2O3 and Y2O3 have been respectively chosen for additional dopants to investigate the influence on the ferromagnetism of Co doped CeO2 bulk. Results indicate that ferromagnetism (FM) of Co doped CeO2 decrease with additional Al3+. Accordingly, certain amount of Y3+ can readily be incorporated into the lattice of CeO2 with the decrease of its grain size as well as some pores formation, leading to an enhancement of FM with a positive correlation between magnetization and Y3+ doping content. This experimental result is helpful both in understanding FM origination in diluted magnetic oxide (DMO) as well as to improve the moments of DMO applicable in spintronic devices.     

An efficient plate finite element and its application to three-dimensional deformations of CANDU fuel endplate rings

A 9-node plate finite element is formulated in this paper to model the three-dimensional deformations of a thick circular ring used as part of an endplate in CANDU nuclear fuel in accordance with Reddy's simplified third-order plate theory. The proposed methodology is superior to both the straight beam model and the curved beam model for modelling the constraint at interfaces between the circular rings and ribs of a CANDU fuel endplate. Test cases conducted show that the proposed method is very efficient and accurate.     

人工神经网络与遗传算法的协作在输电铁塔结构优化上的实现

着重讨论了人工神经网络及遗传算法的应用，并介绍了求解问题的步骤。提出了人工神经网络（BP网络）与遗传算法的协作，利用人工神经网络的联想记忆，特征提取的能力，辅助遗传算法求解输电铁塔结构优化设计问题。进行了实例运算，给出了计算结果，并和其它的计算方法进行比较，计算时间可减少15％-20％。     

Tolman Effect on Fluid Dynamics in Carbon Nanotubes

The numerical solutions of σ(R) given by two different methods (Samsonov et al., 2003; and Lu et al., 2005) are compared with the result that they are coincident closely (the difference is within 4%). We conclude that it is necessary to consider the Tolman correction in the calculation of fluid dynamics in carbon nanotubes. Although our conclusion is the same as that of Prylutskyy et al. (2005), the sign of our Tolman correction is opposite to theirs, and the difference can be attributed to the errors appeared in the paper of Prylutskyy et al.     

Influence of doping concentration on the properties of ZnO:Mn thin films by sol-gel method

Thin films of Mn-doped ZnO with different doping concentration (0.8, 1, 3, 5 at%) were prepared on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates by using sol-gel method. The effects of the doping concentration on the structural properties, electrical characteristics and element binding energy in films were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the c-axis orientation of ZnO films was affected by Mn²⁺ content. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements indicated that resistivities of ZnO films were observably enhanced by dopant of Mn²⁺ and the resistivities value increased with a doping level up to 5 at% Mn. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) patterns suggested that the binding energies of O1s and ZnL₃M₄₅M₄₅ were affected by the content of Mn²⁺.     

数模混合电路的PCB设计

高速PCB的设计中,数模混合电路的PCB设计中的干扰问题一直是一个难题。尤其模拟电路一般是信号的源头,能否正确接收和转换信号是PCB设计要考虑的重要因素。文章通过分析混合电路干扰产生的机理,结合设计实践,探讨了混合电路一般处理方法,并通过设计实例得到验证。