环境为热浴的开放量子系统模型的研究

基于具有non-Markovian特性的关于量子系统约化密度矩阵的精确系统动力学方程,分别根据方程所具有的非封闭、不等时、积分微分方程的特性,通过Born逼近和Markov逼近得到关于量子系统约化密度矩阵的封闭、等时和微分的Markovian主方程;逐一分析了Markovian主方程的Lindblad形式、具有方便检验正定性的GKS表达形式、针对单量子位系统的Bloch球表达形式和无需明确的环境信息也能对开放系统进行描述的Kraus表达形式;分析并比较了能去除系统动力学方程non-Markovian特性的4种Markov逼近方法以及其他四种特定情形下常见的Markovian主方程;对于不适用于Markov逼近的情形,分析了能满足开放量子系统动力学对于系统状态要求的post-Markovian主方程;当热浴与量子系统发生能量交换,且热浴与量子系统组成的封闭系统能量守恒时,给出了热浴状态不恒定时开放量子系统的动力学方程,并通过Markov逼近得到Markovian主方程。     

一种车联网的边缘计算构建方法

文章基于移动边缘计算相关研究,参考现网主要架构,针对车联网中大数据量和低时延要求提出了移动边缘计算服务器在现网中的部署位置和具体架构、数据传输流程,通过流量分流网关进行流量分流,然后经解包后把车联网数据发送至平台处理,反馈信息也由相同链路传送回终端.     

Hierarchically Porous Multimetal‐Based Carbon Nanorod Hybrid as an Efficient Oxygen Catalyst for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries

The lack of efficient strategies to address the intrinsic activity, site accessibility, and structural stability issues of metal‐carbon hybrid catalysts is restricting their real‐world implementation on the basis of rechargeable zinc–air batteries. Herein, a dual metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) pyrolysis strategy is developed to regulate the intrinsic activity and porous structure of the derived catalysts, where a Fe₂Ni_MIL‐88@ZnCo_zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF), with a hierarchically porous structure, multifunctional components, and an integrated architecture, acts as an ideal precursor to obtain multimetal based porous nanorod (FeNiCo@NC‐P). Benefitting from the synergetic effect of the multimetal components, facilitated reactant accessibility, and the well‐retained integrated structure, the resultant FeNiCo@NC‐P catalyst exhibits an oxygen reduction reaction half‐wave potential of 0.84 V as well as an oxygen evolution reaction potential of 1.54 V at 10 mA cm^–2. Furthermore, the practical application of FeNiCo@NC‐P in the zinc–air battery displays a low voltage gap and long‐term durability (over 130 h at a current density of 10 mA cm^–2), which outperforms the commercial noble metal benchmarks. This work not only affords a competitive bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for zinc–air batteries but also paves a new way to design and fabricate MOF‐derived materials with tunable catalytic properties.     

A Study of the Parasitic Properties of the Schottky Barrier Diode

In this paper, we present a newly designed parameter extraction method of the Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with the purpose of measuring and studying its parasitic properties. This method includes three kinds of auxiliary configurations and is named as three-configuration parameter extraction method (TPEM). TPEM has such features as simplicity of operation, self-consistence, and accuracy. With TPEM, the accurate parasitic parameters of the diode can be easily obtained. Taking a GaAs SBD as an example, the pad-to-pad capacitance is 7 fF, the air-bridge finger self-inductance 11 pH, the air-bridge finger self-resistance 0.6 Ω, and the finger-to-pad capacitance 2.1 fF. A more accurate approach to finding the value of the series resistant of the SBD is also proposed, and then a complete SBD model is built. The evaluation of the modeling technology, as well as TPEM, is implemented by comparing the simulated and measured I-V curves and the S-parameters. And good agreements are observed. By using TPEM, the influence of the variation of the geometric parameters is studied, and several ways to reduce the parasitic effect are presented. The results show that the width of the air-bridge finger and the length of the channel are the two largest influencing parameters, with the normalized impact factors 0.56 and 0.29, respectively. By using TPEM and the modeling technology presented in this paper, a design process of the SBD is proposed. As an example, a type of SBD suitable for 500–600 GHz zero-biased detection is designed, and the agreement between the simulated and measured results has been improved. SBDs for other applications could be designed in a similar way.     

Superior Low-Temperature Reversible Adhesion Based on Bio-Inspired Microfibrillar Adhesives Fabricated by Phenyl Containing Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomers

Gecko-inspired microfibrillar adhesives have achieved great progress in microstructure design and adhesion improvement over the past two decades. Space applications nowadays show great interest in this material for the characteristics of reversible adhesion and universal van der Waals interactions. However, the impact of harsh environment of space on the performance of microfibrillar adhesives, especially the extreme low temperature, is rarely addressed. Herein, microfibrillar adhesives fabricated by phenyl containing polydimethylsiloxane (p-PDMS) elastomers with superior low-temperature reversible adhesion is proposed. p-PDMS elastomers are synthesized through one-pot anionic ring-opening copolymerization, and the resulting elastomers become non-crystallizable with excellent low-temperature elasticity. Low-temperature adhesion tests demonstrate that the adhesion strength of microfibrillar adhesives fabricated by p-PDMS elastomers can be well maintained to as low as −120 °C. In contrast, the adhesion strength of pure PDMS microfibrillar adhesive reduces more than 50% below its crystallization temperature. The low-temperature cyclic adhesion tests further demonstrate that p-PDMS microfibrillar adhesives exhibit superior reversible adhesion compared to that of PDMS microfibrillar adhesives, owing to the sustainable conformal contact and even distribution of loads over repeated cycles. This study provides a new fabrication strategy for microfibrillar adhesives, and is beneficial for the practical application of microfibrillar adhesives.     

An effective method to increase bandwidth of EIK at 0.34 THz

To increase the bandwidth of Extended Interaction Klystron (EIK) at 0.34 THz, the method of staggered tuning on cavities’ configurations is proposed. Based on the analysis of phase relationship between gap voltage and the bunched beam, the buncher cavities in EIK are reasonably staggered-tuned to achieve various resonance frequencies, which is helpful to flat the gain response of the whole device. The characteristics of output cavities with different numbers of gaps are then researched and the issue of start current for the self-oscillation mode is also involved, leading to the optimum number of gaps to enhance the interaction and avoid the instability. By comparing the performances of various typical stagger-tuned models, the final configuration is accordingly confirmed. Particle-in-cell simulation is eventually applied to study performance of the optimised structure, whose gain is 34.8 dB in peak and ?3 dB bandwidth reaches about 500 MHz, which is double that of the synchronous-tuned structure.     

一种基于背景减法和帧差的运动目标检测算法

针对帧差分法易产生空洞以及背景减法不能检测出与背景灰度接近的目标的问题,提出了一种将背景减和帧差法相结合的运动目标检测算法.首先利用连续两帧图像进行背景减法得到两种差分图像,并用最大类间与类内方差比法得到合适的阈值将这两种差分图像二值化,然后将得到的两种二值化图像进行或运算,最后利用图像形态学滤波得到准确的运动目标.实验结果表明,该算法简单、易实现、实时性强.     

基于CAN_GSM车辆监控系统设计

针对传统车辆监控系统的不足,提出了一种基于CAN／GSM的部队车辆监控系统。该系统采用CAN总线技术,依托GSM网络,将采集到的车辆信息实时传送到监控中心,并且采用动态参数设置,能够对车辆全面,实时地进行监控,具有很好的灵活性和扩展性。     

长途光传输线路技术的发展

光纤线路性能制约着高速率、大容量，远距离光传输系统的发展与应用，文章简要分析了光纤线路技术的最新发展，展望了主要技术的应用前景。