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141.
Impact of orthorectification and spatial sampling on maximum NDVI composite data in mountain regions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fabio M.A. Fontana Alexander P. Trishchenko Yi Luo Stefan Wunderle 《Remote sensing of environment》2009,113(12):2701-2712
Topography and accuracy of image geometric registration significantly affect the quality of satellite data, since pixels are displaced depending on surface elevation and viewing geometry. This effect should be corrected for through the process of accurate image navigation and orthorectification in order to meet the geolocation accuracy for systematic observations specified by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) requirements for satellite climate data records. We investigated the impact of orthorectification on the accuracy of maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) composite data for a mountain region in north-western Canada at various spatial resolutions (1 km, 4 km, 5 km, and 8 km). Data from AVHRR on board NOAA-11 (1989 and 1990) and NOAA-16 (2001, 2002, and 2003) processed using a system called CAPS (Canadian AVHRR Processing System) for the month of August were considered. Results demonstrate the significant impact of orthorectification on the quality of composite NDVI data in mountainous terrain. Differences between orthorectified and non-orthorectified NDVI composites (ΔNDVI) adopted both large positive and negative values, with the 1% and 99% percentiles of ΔNDVI at 1 km resolution spanning values between − 0.16 < ΔNDVI < 0.09. Differences were generally reduced to smaller numbers for coarser resolution data, but systematic positive biases for non-orthorectified composites were obtained at all spatial resolutions, ranging from 0.02 (1 km) to 0.004 (8 km). Analyzing the power spectra of maximum NDVI composites at 1 km resolution, large differences between orthorectified and non-orthorectified AVHRR data were identified at spatial scales between 4 km and 10 km. Validation of NOAA-16 AVHRR NDVI with MODIS NDVI composites revealed higher correlation coefficients (by up to 0.1) for orthorectified composites relative to the non-orthorectified case. Uncertainties due to the AVHRR Global Area Coverage (GAC) sampling scheme introduce an average positive bias of 0.02 ± 0.03 at maximum NDVI composite level that translates into an average relative bias of 10.6% ± 19.1 for sparsely vegetated mountain regions. This can at least partially explain the systematic average positive biases we observed relative to our results in AVHRR GAC-based composites from the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) and Polar Pathfinder (PPF) datasets (0.19 and 0.05, respectively). With regard to the generation of AVHRR long-term climate data records, results suggest that orthorectification should be an integral part of AVHRR pre-processing, since neglecting the terrain displacement effect may lead to important biases and additional noise in time series at various spatial scales. 相似文献
142.
Stefan Klein Josien P. W. Pluim Marius Staring Max A. Viergever 《International Journal of Computer Vision》2009,81(3):227-239
We present a stochastic gradient descent optimisation method for image registration with adaptive step size prediction. The
method is based on the theoretical work by Plakhov and Cruz (J. Math. Sci. 120(1):964–973, 2004). Our main methodological contribution is the derivation of an image-driven mechanism to select proper values for the most
important free parameters of the method. The selection mechanism employs general characteristics of the cost functions that
commonly occur in intensity-based image registration. Also, the theoretical convergence conditions of the optimisation method
are taken into account. The proposed adaptive stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) method is compared to a standard, non-adaptive
Robbins-Monro (RM) algorithm. Both ASGD and RM employ a stochastic subsampling technique to accelerate the optimisation process.
Registration experiments were performed on 3D CT and MR data of the head, lungs, and prostate, using various similarity measures
and transformation models. The results indicate that ASGD is robust to these variations in the registration framework and
is less sensitive to the settings of the user-defined parameters than RM. The main disadvantage of RM is the need for a predetermined
step size function. The ASGD method provides a solution for that issue. 相似文献
143.
Stefan Staicu 《Robotics and Autonomous Systems》2009,57(5):556-563
Recursive modelling for the kinematics and dynamics of the known 3-PRR planar parallel robot is established in this paper. Three identical planar legs connecting to the moving platform are located in a vertical plane. Knowing the motion of the platform, we develop first the inverse kinematics and determine the positions, velocities and accelerations of the robot. Further, the principle of virtual work is used in the inverse dynamics problem. Several matrix equations offer iterative expressions and graphs for the power requirement comparison of each of three actuators in two different actuation schemes: prismatic actuators and revolute actuators. For the same evolution of the moving platform in the vertical plane, the power distribution upon the three actuators depends on the actuating configuration, but the total power absorbed by the set of three actuators is the same, at any instant, for both driving systems. The study of the dynamics of the parallel mechanisms is done mainly to solve successfully the control of the motion of such robotic systems. 相似文献
144.
Dipl.-Wirt.-Inf. Nils Urbach Prof. Dr. Stefan Smolnik Prof. Dr. Gerold Riempp 《WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK》2009,51(4):363-375
Measuring information systems (IS) success is of great interest to both researchers and practitioners. This article examines multidimensional approaches to measuring IS success and explores the current state of IS success research through a literature review and by classifying articles published between 2003 and 2007. Based on a total of 41 academic journal and conference publications, the relevant research carried out is identified, while the research results are categorized, consolidated, and discussed. The results show that the dominant empirical research analyzes the individual impact of a certain type of information system by ascertaining users’ evaluation of it by means of surveys and then applying structural equation modeling. The DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model is the main theoretical basis of the reviewed empirical studies. This article provides researchers with a comprehensive review and structuring of IS success research. Furthermore, opportunities for additional development are identified and future research directions suggested. 相似文献
145.
Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag basiert auf der Annahme, dass das IT-Controlling in zweifacher Hinsicht unter einem Integrationsdefizit leidet.
Dies gilt zum einen für die unbefriedigende Synchronisation der Forschung mit Entwicklungen in der Praxis, zum anderen für
die unzureichende Verzahnung mit den Methoden der Wirtschaftsinformatik. Ausgehend von dieser Annahme untersucht der Beitrag
die historische Entwicklung des IT-Controllings, um daraus Thesen zum Integrationsstand abzuleiten. Die Untersuchung kommt
zu dem Ergebnis, dass Hinweise auf – nach wie vor – ungenutzte Integrationspotenziale vorliegen und identifiziert Potenziale
einer weiter gehenden Integration. Aus der Analyse identifizierter Integrationspotenziale werden Anforderungen an eine methodenbezogene
Integration abgeleitet und die Realisierung von Integrationspotenzialen an zwei Beispielen illustriert.
This article is also available in English via and : Strecker S, Kargl H (2009) Integration Deficits of IT Controlling – Historical Background, Analysis of Integration Potentials
and Method Integration. Bus Inf Syst Eng. doi: 10.1007/s12599-009-0053-4. 相似文献
146.
Stefan Mairhofer James Johnson Craig J. Sturrock Malcolm J. Bennett Sacha J. Mooney Tony P. Pridmore 《Machine Vision and Applications》2016,27(5):721-734
We propose a visual object tracking framework for the extraction of multiple interacting plant root systems from three-dimensional X-ray micro computed tomography images of plants grown in soil. Our method is based on a level set framework guided by a greyscale intensity distribution model to identify object boundaries in image cross-sections. Root objects are followed through the data volume, while updating the tracker’s appearance models to adapt to changing intensity values. In the presence of multiple root systems, multiple trackers can be used, but need to distinguish target objects from one another in order to correctly associate roots with their originating plants. Since root objects are expected to exhibit similar greyscale intensity distributions, shape information is used to constrain the evolving level set interfaces in order to lock trackers to their correct targets. The proposed method is tested on root systems of wheat plants grown in soil. 相似文献
147.
Lutz Hofmann Tobias Fischer Thomas Werner Franz Selbmann Michael Rennau Ramona Ecke Stefan E. Schulz Thomas Geßner 《Microsystem Technologies》2016,22(7):1665-1677
This paper discusses approaches for the isolation of deep high aspect ratio through silicon vias (TSV) with respect to a Via Last approach for micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). Selected TSV samples have depths in the range of 170…270 µm and a diameter of 50 µm. The investigations comprise the deposition of different layer stacks by means of subatmospheric and plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) of tetraethyl orthosilicate; Si(OC2H5)4 (TEOS). Moreover, an etch-back approach and the selective deposition on SiN were also included in the investigations. With respect to the Via Last approach, the contact opening at the TSV bottom by means of a specific spacer-etching method have been addressed within this paper. Step coverage values of up to 74 % were achieved for the best of those approaches. As an alternative to the SiO2-isolation liners a polymer coating based on the CVD of Parylene F was investigated, which yields even higher step coverage in the range of 80 % at the lower TSV sidewall for a surface film thickness of about 1000 nm. Leakage current measurements were performed and values below 0.1 nA/cm2 at 10 kV/cm were determined for the Parylene F films which represents a promising result for the aspired application to Via Last MEMS-TSV. 相似文献
148.
149.
Semi-implicit and Newton-like finite element methods are developed for the stationary compressible Euler equations. The Galerkin discretization of the inviscid fluxes is potentially oscillatory and unstable. To suppress numerical oscillations, the spatial discretization is performed by a high-resolution finite element scheme based on algebraic flux correction. A multidimensional limiter of TVD type is employed. An important goal is the efficient computation of stationary solutions in a wide range of Mach numbers, which is a challenging task due to oscillatory correction factors associated with TVD-type flux limiters. A semi-implicit scheme is derived by a time-lagged linearization of the nonlinear residual, and a Newton-like method is obtained in the limit of infinite CFL numbers. Special emphasis is laid on the numerical treatment of weakly imposed characteristic boundary conditions. Numerical evidence for unconditional stability is presented. It is shown that the proposed approach offers higher accuracy and better convergence behavior than algorithms in which the boundary conditions are implemented in a strong sense. 相似文献
150.
Information systems (IS) integration is among the most challenging tasks in corporate mergers and acquisitions (M&As). In
this paper we propose and illustrate the use of an approach to analyzing and planning post-merger IS integration that extends
general theory for IS planning, considering the specific characteristics of the M&A context. We highlight that planning effectiveness
is possible to achieve in fundamentally different ways, dependent on the characteristics of the merger or acquisition at hand.
相似文献
Stefan HenningssonEmail: |