Detection of cytochrome P450 substrates by using a small-molecule droplet array on an NADH-immobilized solid surface

Seeing below the surface: A small-molecule droplet array platform on an NADH-immobilized solid surface and a biotinylated acetophenone derivative were developed to identify the substrate candidates for soluble P450 enzymes of interest. This methodology is thought to be easily applicable to other class I P450 systems, including those that use NADPH as cofactor.     

Large Magnetovolume Effect Induced by Embedding Ferromagnetic Clusters into Antiferromagnetic Matrix of Cobaltite Perovskite

Materials that show negative thermal expansion (NTE) have significant industrial merit because they can be used to fabricate composites whose dimensions remain invariant upon heating. In some materials, NTE is concomitant with the spontaneous magnetization due to the magnetovolume effect (MVE). Here the authors report a new class of MVE material; namely, a layered perovskite PrBaCo₂O_5.5+x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.41), in which strong NTE [β ≈ ?3.6 × 10^?5 K^?1 (90–110 K) at x = 0.24] is triggered by embedding ferromagnetic (F) clusters into the antiferromagnetic (AF) matrix. The strongest MVE is found near the boundary between F and AF phases in the phase diagram, indicating the essential role of competition between the F‐clusters and the AF‐matrix. Furthermore, the MVE is not limited to the PrBaCo₂O_5.5+x but is also observed in the NdBaCo₂O_5.5+x . The present study provides a new approach to obtaining MVE and offers a path to the design of NTE materials.     

Stepwise polymerization of propylene and ethylene with Cr(acetylacetonate)3/MgCl2–ethylbenzoate/diethylaluminium chloride catalyst system

During propylene polymerization with the Cr(acetylacetonate)₃/MgCl₂–Et₂AlCl–ethylbenzoate catalyst system which shows high isospecificity for propylene polymerization, it was found that the chain transfer and termination reactions can be neglected. Based on this result, some stepwise polymerizations of propylene and ethylene were carried out with the same catalyst system varying polymerization conditions. The resulting copolymers were separated by temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) and afforded two fractions which were eluted at different temperatures. From the ¹³C NMR, DSC and GPC analyses of each fraction, it was considered that the corresponding block copolymer existed in the fraction eluted at higher temperature. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Facet joint asymmetry as a radiologic feature of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in children and adolescents

STUDY DESIGN: This study compared the incidence of facet joint asymmetry between adult and juvenile patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. OBJECTIVES: To determine the different distribution of the facet joint asymmetry between the adult and juvenile patients. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: As early as 1967, it was suggested that asymmetry of the facet joints is correlated with the development of disc herniation. There have been numerous arguments for and against Farfan's hypothesis, however, most studies were carried out on adult patients, and this hypothesis has not been verified in juvenile patients. METHODS: The study group consisted of 29 levels of 25 patients aged 12-20 years (juvenile group) and 50 levels of 33 patients aged 30-49 years (adult group) who underwent posterior discectomy. The shape of facet joints, the facet joint angle, and the moment arm angle and length were measured for each facet joint using computed tomography. Facet joint asymmetry was defined as the difference in facet joint shape or a difference of more than 10 degrees in facet joint angles between the right and left sides. The incidence of facet joint asymmetry and the relationships among the facet joint asymmetry and the location, type of disc herniation, and disc degeneration were examined in juvenile and adult groups. RESULTS: The overall incidence of facet joint asymmetry was significantly higher in the juvenile group (12 levels, 41%) than in the adult group (four levels, 8%; P < 0.01). There were no significant relationships among the facet joint asymmetry, the location, type of disc herniation, and disc degeneration. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the frequency of facet joint asymmetry in the juvenile group was five times higher than that in the adult group. This result indicates that facet joint asymmetry is a radiologic feature of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in children and adolescents.     

Effects of the anion ordering superlattice on ''the rapid oscillations'' in (TMTSF)2X

A novel type of magnetic oscillatory phenomenon, so-called 'the rapid oscillations', has been observed in quasi-one dimensional organic conductors (TMTSF)₂X. To clarify the effects of the anion ordering superlattice on the rapid oscillations in ClO₄ salt, we made magnetotransport studies under high pressures. We found that the rapid oscillations disappear above a threshold pressure about 5kbar above which the anion ordering is thought to be suppressed. Furthermore, we found another oscillations with a longer period under high pressures. This may be ascribed to a possible change of the anion ordering superlattice wave vector.     

Memory at VLSI Circuits Symposium

Over the last decades, the Symposium has been the premier forum for memory, putting more emphasis on seminal memory circuits rather than on record-setting performances with actually fabricated full chips, which has been the emphasis at the ISSCC. Indeed, it has been the breeding ground for DRAMs, SRAMs, flash memories, and other memories.