Contact stress analysis for an elastic cylinder indenting a slab in the presence of friction

In an earlier paper the authors discussed numerical methods of contact stress analysis for rigid indenters pressed against rough elastic slabs. In this sequel, they include the deformation of the cylindrical indenter using numerical methods of analysis similar to those adopted in the previous article. Examples which demonstrate the effects of indenter deformation and adhesion in the contact area are presented.     

Analysis of microbending of CuZn37 brass foils based on strain gradient hardening models

Microbending experiments of brass foils were conducted and demonstrated clear size effects, i.e., the normalized bending moment increased with the reduction of foil thickness. The experiments were modeled using the classical plasticity model and three strain-gradient plasticity models. A modified Nix-Gao model was proposed to consider the number of twins across the thickness direction in strain hardening. It was found that the proposed model could better predict the normalized bending moment for both fine-grain and coarse-grain foils and the proposed equation for material intrinsic length could better capture the physics of material deformation. Furthermore, micro-hardness distributions in the bending area were measured and obvious lower-hardness region was found in the middle layer of fine-grain foils instead of coarse-grain foils. This indicates that the modified Nix-Gao model and the assumption of fully plastic bending worked better for coarse-grain foils than for fine-grain foils.     

Adsorbent Regeneration by Non‐thermal Plasma for Elimination of Odorous Compounds from Indoor Air

The non‐thermal plasma (NTP) technique was shown to be a method to improve indoor air quality. In particular in kitchens, odorous emissions can be removed by NTP. A combined concept of adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and plasma regeneration of the adsorber was tested in adsorption‐regeneration‐adsorption cycles. As reference VOCs, 2‐methylthiophene, 2‐methylpyrazine, 2‐acetylthiazole, nonanal, and trans‐2‐nonenal were selected in humid air streams. These odorous compounds are emitted during cooking and frying processes. The adsorption‐regeneration concept was also tested during a simulated frying process with garlic in rape oil. A hydrophobic zeolite was chosen as adsorber material and placed directly into the discharge zone of a plasma reactor.     

Simulating the emergence of norms in different scenarios

This paper deals with EMIL-S, a software tool box which was designed during the EMIL project for the simulation of processes during which norms emerged in an agent society. This tool box implements the cognitive architecture of normative agents which was designed during the EMIL project which is also discussed in other papers in this issue. This implementation is described in necessary detail, and two examples of its application to several different scenarios are given, namely a scenario in which persons involved in micro finance are simulated and learn how to sanction free riders and how to learn from these sanctions, and a scenario in which simulated persons move through a simulated airport where they more often than not have to wait in queues and learn how to behave properly in queues.     

The exothermal effect upon interaction of calcium and silicon oxides

Thermodynamic analysis is performed (TERRA software) of the lime-silica interaction for all possible lime-to-silica ratios at normal pressure. The components of the exothermal reactions are calculated. The adiabatic temperature of silica combustion in the lime is found. The heat of the chemical reaction is determined. The enthalpies of the initial rough material and the combustion materials are calculated. The evolution of the silica combusting in the lime, including formation of the stochiometric glass, wollastonite, rankinite, and pseudo-cement, is considered. The thermodynamic analysis is performed under the supposition of use of chemically pure substances with the absence of external heat and specific additions.     

德国弗莱堡医疗诊所北区扩建工程——弗莱堡大学诊所急救中心

项目名称:德国弗莱堡医疗诊所北区扩建工程-弗莱堡大学诊所急救中心业主:RegionofBaden-Wü rttem berg represented by University Construction Office建设地点:德国弗莱堡设计单位:KSP尤尔根·恩格尔事务所建筑面积:2.04万m2病床数量:56床建筑层数:3层地上,2层地下     

Synthetic Activity of Recombinant Whole Cell Biocatalysts Containing 2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate Aldolase from Pectobacterium atrosepticum

In nature 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) catalyses the reversible formation of 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde. In addition, this enzyme can use acetaldehyde as the sole substrate, resulting in a tandem aldol reaction, yielding 2,4,6-trideoxy-D-erythro-hexapyranose, which spontaneously cyclizes. This reaction is very useful for the synthesis of the side chain of statin-type drugs used to decrease cholesterol levels in blood. One of the main challenges in the use of DERA in industrial processes, where high substrate loads are needed to achieve the desired productivity, is its inactivation by high acetaldehyde concentration. In this work, the utility of different variants of Pectobacterium atrosepticum DERA (PaDERA) as whole cell biocatalysts to synthesize 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate and 2,4,6-trideoxy-D-erythro-hexapyranose was analysed. Under optimized conditions, E. coli BL21 (PaDERA C-His AA C49M) whole cells yields 99 % of both products. Furthermore, this enzyme is able to tolerate 500 mM acetaldehyde in a whole-cell experiment which makes it suitable for industrial applications.     

Chemikalienfreie Bekämpfung von Holzschädlingen durch dielektrische Erwärmung mit Radiowellen und Mikrowellen

Thermal pest control requires long treatment times due to the low thermal conductivity of wood and may lead to the formation of cracks. Here, the thermal treatment with radio waves as well as microwaves has been studied. The direct dielectric heating has the advantage of a good homogeneity. The obtained temperature profiles for radio waves were more homogeneous compared to microwaves. Detailed studies showed that elimination of pests was not related to the application of the electromagnetic field itself, but due to the temperature increase.