注意力机制在自然场景文字检测中的应用

针对目前主流的基于分割的文字检测方法中由于需要复杂的后处理过程保证检测精度,通常难以实现高检测速度的问题,提出一种应用位置注意力模块和金字塔注意力网络2种注意力机制的方法.首先用金字塔注意力网络对图像进行特征提取及语义分割;同时将位置注意力模块应用于高层特征,通过加强图像中相似物体的权重加强对文字的检测效果;最后进行简单有效的后处理,在实现较高检测准确度的前提下提高检测速度.实验结果表明,在Total-text数据集中,采用更轻量化的骨干网络时,所提方法在检测速度上优势明显;采用更深层的骨干网络时,所提方法的检测准确度领先2.0％.     

面向边缘端的施工人员实时检测方法

施工人员检测在施工管理工作中有重要的应用价值。施工现场图像背景复杂且视角多样,给施工人员检测任务带来难度,同时施工现场大多基础配套设施不完善,并且网络条件较差,不适合在大型GPU工作站上进行模型部署。针对以上问题,以YOLOv3检测网络为基础,加入特征金字塔池化模块,增加多尺度特征融合并改进候选框,提升检测精度,同时采用通道剪枝算法对检测网络进行轻量化处理以适应边缘端设备算力,提出一种面向边缘端的施工人员实时检测方法。该方法在自制的施工人员数据集上平均准确率可达到88.23%,较YOLOv3检测方法提升4.89个百分点,且将模型大小压缩至原来的1/13,检测速度提升一倍,在嵌入式设备Jetson Xavier NX上检测速度可达到69.08帧/s,满足在施工现场进行实时边缘端检测的要求。     

Diffusion characteristic of sulfate anion in surface region of cement mortar at early stage

The SO_4~(2-)concentration distributions in surface region of cement mortar immersed in sulfate solution at early stage were measured by layered sampling method combined with chemical analysis, and the diffusion coefficients of SO_4~(2-)anions in surface region of mortar into internal area were calculated by means of instantaneous plane diffusion theory. The experimental results showed that the SO_4~(2-)concentration gradually reduced when the diffusion depth increased in the surface region of mortar. Diffusion coefficient(D) was relevant with the concentration and kind of environmental sulfate solution, which reduced with immersion time at the beginning, and then rose slowly after a period of time. The calculation of initial diffusion coefficient(D_0) and starting time of deterioration(t_∞) caused by sulfate attack was further attempted based on the data of diffusion coefficient, and it was found that D_0 and t∞ were all relevant with concentrations of sulfate and different kind of sulfate as well.     

Interface trap effect on the transient characteristics of a photovoltaic InSb infrared detector

The transient characteristics can be significantly affected by the interface trap. In order to reveal the intrinsic mechanism and provide some references for the design of detectors, the interface trap effect on the transient characteristics of a back-illuminated photovoltaic InSb infrared detector is studied with two-dimensional simulations. The relationships between interface traps and some key physical parameters, such as the hole concentration, the recombination rate and the electric field, are analyzed to reveal the intrinsic mechanisms of the influence of the interface traps on the transient characteristics. Studies show that with the increase of the interface trap density, the recombination rate and the electric field near the interface increase, the hole concentration decreases, and the “black holes” in current density distribution appear and move forward to the pn junction. And the transient photoresponse decreases with the increase of the interface trap density.     

海上油田早期弱凝胶驱矿场见效规律及效果评价

针对L油田进行早期弱凝胶驱见效规律和效果评价。注采动态分析显示,弱凝胶驱时受效井含水越低,含水漏斗越不明显,且注入端吸水指数降幅、压力上升值和渗流阻力也越大。将整体技术和经济效果分析结果与其他化学驱油田进行类比,可知L油田早期弱凝胶驱开发效果较好。     

粗糙目标光外差信号特性对探测阈值的影响

传统目标回波光外差探测使用高斯分布等简单模型来描述,这常常导致判决误差.笔者提出利用多项式对实际目标测量数据进行拟合,给出较准确的概率分布曲线.通过对某装甲车表面样块多组测量数据的统计分析显示,利用多项式拟合来确定判决阈值,比起用简单的高斯分布来确定阈值,可以获得更高的检测概率和更低的误警概率.研究表明,对实测中频信号的统计直方图进行多项式拟合,有利于精确设置探测阈值,可以使检测概率提高6.02%,误警概率降低7.7%.文中结果为粗糙面回波外差探测系统设计提供定量参考,也为探测系统性能评估仿真提供依据.     

胡襄煤田煤层厚度变化特征及其控制因素

根据河南胡襄煤田勘探钻孔资料,对煤层的稳定性和煤厚度变化特征进行研究。研究认为,区内二1煤层可采性指数为0.81,厚度变异系数为39%,属较稳定的全区大部可采的中厚-厚煤层;二2煤层可采性指数为1,厚度变异系数为11%,属稳定的全区可采的中厚-厚煤层;区内煤层厚度呈现东部厚西部薄的分布特征,局部出现无煤带或薄煤带;影响煤厚变化的因素主要为成煤时期地壳的不均匀沉降、成煤后期的古河流冲刷与断裂构造破坏作用。     

基于转矩绕组无功功率MRAS的无轴承异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统

针对无轴承异步电机高速运行需要和转速在线估计问题,提出了一种基于转矩绕组无功功率模型参考自适应控制系统的无速度传感器矢量控制方法。经过数学推导,建立了转速与转矩绕组无功功率的关系式,消除了积分环节和定子电阻的影响,实现对转子转速的在线独立观测。应用此策略构建了无轴承异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统。仿真研究结果表明,该控制策略能实现无轴承异步电机在大负载扰动下的稳定悬浮运行,转子估计转速与实际转速的稳态误差小,控制精度高,验证了所提方案的有效性。     

抗畸变高效的视频拼接算法

针对视频拼接存在的边缘失真和融合效率问题,提出一种新的抗畸变高效的实时视频拼接算法。通过建立非线性抗畸变模型,对视频图像存在的非线性畸变进行校正,改善图像边缘过渡的平滑性;采用SURF配准算法兼顾配准的精度和效率;使用二维标记模板降低融合过程的冗余计算,进行快速图像融合。该算法提升了传统方法的视频拼接质量与融合效率。     

Enhancing flame retardant and antistatic properties of polyamide 6 by a grafted multiwall carbon nanotubes

In order to improve the flame retardancy and antistatic properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) at as low amount of additives as possible, an integrated-functional additive was synthesized by 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The results showed 2 wt% of DOPO-MWCNTs distributed in PA6 formed an electric network and decreased volume resistivity sharply to 3.1 × 10⁸ Ω cm. In other words, it helped PA6 to get to the percolation threshold of semiconductor. By using of 3 wt% DOPO-MWCNTs, the severe dripping in burning of PA6 was almost controlled. The possible reason was also ascribed to the network formed by evenly dispersed DOPO-MWCNTs, which strengthened the char structure and held severe dripping of PA6. As a result, the heat and smoke release were also suppressed obviously. The most important is that CO release was about half cut in CONE test.