急性心肌梗死并发心房颤动／心房扑动对近、中期预后的影响

目的评价急性心肌梗死（AMI ）并发心房颤动（房颤）／心房扑动（房扑）对患者近、中期临床预后的影响。方法２００１年１月至２００５年１２月确诊的AMI 患者２９７例,分为房颤／房扑动组（３３例）和无房颤／房扑组（２６４例）。比较两组３０d及６个月内病死率、Killip分级、心源性休克、心律失常发生情况。以多普勒心脏超声测定患者AMI 后６个月的左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果房颤／房扑组与无房颤／房扑组比较:年龄大、CPK峰值高、心源性休克率高、既往发生过心肌梗死者比例高、入院时心功能Killip分级Ⅰ级比例低,多支血管病变率高,LVEF＜４０％比例高（P＜０．０５）;与无房颤／房扑组比较,房颤／房扑组３０d内及６个月病死率、心源性休克、恶性室性心律失常、再发心肌缺血率、再梗死率明显增高（P＜０．０５）;二组LVEF比较差异有统计学意义（P＜０．０５）。结论AMI 并发房颤／房扑的患者其近中期病死率明显增加。     

不同巴氏杀菌条件下的牛源乳铁蛋白对IEC-6细胞增殖的影响

本研究以大鼠小肠隐窝上皮细胞（IEC-6）为对象,通过体外实验,采用3 种不同的巴氏杀菌方式（63 ℃、30 min,72 ℃、15 s和85 ℃、15 s）处理牛源乳铁蛋白,模拟婴儿胃肠道消化环境,利用所得的牛源乳铁蛋白水解液刺激IEC-6细胞,研究乳铁蛋白在巴氏杀菌后的免疫活性。结果表明：巴氏杀菌后的乳铁蛋白水解物仍具有促进肠细胞增殖的免疫学活性,且呈剂量依赖性。流式细胞实验结果证实巴氏杀菌后的牛源乳铁蛋白水解液可提高IEC-6细胞在G2/M期和S期的比例,并降低细胞凋亡率。反转录实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测结果表明,牛源乳铁蛋白水解液提高cyclin B1、CDK1和cyclin E1的表达水平,降低p21的表达水平。综上可知,巴氏杀菌不能完全使乳铁蛋白免疫基团失活。两种巴氏杀菌方法（72 ℃、15 s和85 ℃、15 s）,尤其是85 ℃、15 s处理,在保证食品安全的同时可最大限度地保留乳铁蛋白的免疫活性。3 种巴氏杀菌后的乳铁蛋白水解液促进肠道免疫的最佳质量浓度为0.1 mg/mL。     

耦合边界条件下蜂窝陶瓷传热及气体流动特性的数值模拟

通过建立蜂窝陶瓷传热及气体流动的三维非稳态模型,运用计算流体力学(CFD)软件,在耦合边界条件下对蜂窝陶瓷的工作过程进行数值模拟,得到了启动过程中蜂窝陶瓷热端和冷端的气体温度及压力变化规律,以及稳定工作期内蜂窝陶瓷内气体温度、速度和压力的分布规律。为采用蜂窝陶瓷作为蓄热体的高温空气燃烧技术的开发提供了一定的理论依据和指导。     

稀土在涂料中的应用研究

稀土元素具有特殊的电子结构,在制备功能涂层领域有重要的应用.阐述了目前稀土在制备功能有机涂料、耐腐蚀涂层、耐高温涂层及其他领域中的一些应用,初步探讨了稀土在功能涂料和涂层中的作用机理.     

Rejection of As(III) and As(V) from arsenic contaminated water via electro-cross-flow negatively charged nanofiltration membrane system

A specially designed electro-cross-flow nanofiltration (NF) membrane system was used for this investigation. To enhance the rejection of arsenic ionic species like H₂AsO₄⁻, a NF membrane having a negative surface charge was fabricated via the interfacial polymerization process. The membrane was characterized by SEM, AFM, surface charge density, molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), total and skin thickness and pure water flux. The parameters that affected the rejections of As(III) and As(V) were studied; they included the initial arsenic concentration, the applied potential, pH of the feed, the cross-flow filtration pressure and the presence of different salts in the feed. Among those parameters, the pH of the feed greatly affected As(V) rejection; As(V) ([As(V)]_o = 1000 ppb) rejection was increased from 72.3 to 98.5% when pH of the feed was changed from 3.0 to 10.0. This might be due to the fact that higher pH enhanced the formation of negative divalent anion like HAsO₄²⁻ which should be rejected more effectively by the negative surface charge of the NF membrane. Beside the effect of the negative surface charge of the membrane, applied potential increased the As(V) rejection by 48.2% when the applied potential was increased from 0 to 2.0 V for a feed containing 1000 ppb initially. For the same change of applied potential rejection of As(III) was increased from 52.3 to 70.4%; this might be the result of the formation of anionic species like H₂AsO₃⁻ from the neutral molecule of H₃AsO₃ by the applied potential.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Lauryl Trimethyl Ammonium Surfactants with New Counteranion Types

A new family of lauryl trimethyl ammonium surfactants of the general formula CH₃(CH₂)₁₁ N⁺(CH₃)₃X^? (X = CH₃OCOO, HCOO, CH₃COO, CH₃CHOHCOO) were prepared and characterized both structurally and as aqueous surfactants. Lauryl trimethyl ammonium mono-methyl carbonate was synthesized by using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as the alkylating agent and lauryl dimethyl amine as the starting material. The latter compound was reacted with formic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid, respectively, to give the corresponding quaternary ammonium salts with other counteranions. They were structurally characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, MS. Members of this family reduced the surface tension of water to 32–38 mN/m at concentration levels of 10^?2 mol/L.     

半周加热半周绝热的熔盐吸热管传热特性研究

建立了描述半周加热、半周绝热的不均匀热流边界条件下熔盐吸热管内热传导与热对流换热的数值模型,模型考虑了管壁导热和熔盐的变物性.采用Fluent软件,通过求解三维N-S方程和能量方程,对熔盐吸热管的传热过程进行了模拟,并在熔盐吸热传热实验平台上进行了试验研究.模拟计算与实验结果基本一致.揭示了熔盐吸热管在高温、高热流密度条件下的管内流速和温度分布规律及其换热特性,为塔式太阳能热发电熔盐吸热器的设计和运行控制提供了重要依据.     

玻纤浸润剂组分对环氧基复合材料界面性能的影响

通过测定复合材料NOL环层间剪切强度,研究了增强型玻纤浸润剂中常用的几类成膜剂、润滑剂对玻纤增强环氧基复合材料界面层剪性能的影响。聚酯、环氧、聚氨酯成膜剂种类中,用于玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料时,环氧成膜剂的复合材料界面性能最佳;不论干润滑剂,还是湿润滑剂,其复合材料的界面性能均较成膜剂弱,阳离子酰胺类润滑剂相对其他润滑剂略好。     

重油热加工技术的研究进展

介绍了国内外各种重质油热加工工艺和发展状况,分析了其特点和适应性。同时,结合我国目前重油加工的现状,基于喷动床造粒原理提出了一种重油热裂解制球形焦的新工艺,为重油热加工的发展提供了新的思路。     

陶瓷材料的无损检测技术

综述了无损检测在陶瓷材料领域的应用，简略介绍了用于陶瓷无损检测的几种主要方法。