Effect of phytase treatment on iron bioavailability in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) flour

The effect of dephytinisation, using an exogenous phytase under optimal conditions (pH 5.5, 37 °C), and subsequent removal of the soaking solution after processing, on the bioavailability of iron from faba bean (Vicia faba L.) flour was studied. Soaking of the faba bean flour led to a considerable reduction in the content of iron (39%), whereas a lower reduction in iron content (10%), was obtained after additional treatment with phytase, than in the soaked faba bean flour. The digestive utilisation of iron from the raw and soaked faba bean flours by growing rats was negligible, but increased significantly as a result of phytase treatment. The low iron absorption obtained for the former two treatments, during an experimental period of 10 days, was not reflected in any of the haematological indices (red blood count, haemoglobin, haematocrit) or tissues (femur, heart, kidney) studied, with the exception of the sternum. The latter appears to be a useful indicator of iron bioavailability.     

紧密纺纱系统的分类及性能特点

根据原理将紧密纺纱系统分成气流集聚型和非气流集聚型,再将气流集聚型细分成罗拉集聚型、胶辊集聚型、胶圈集聚型和网格圈集聚型.分析了各类紧密纺纱系统的结构及性能特点,并比较了集聚效果.认为非气流集聚型紧密纺纱系统虽可省去气流消耗而节约成本,但集聚效果不及气流集聚系统中的罗拉集聚和网格圈集聚.     

功能翻译理论视角下的梨园戏英译研究

作为第一批国家级非物质文化遗产的梨园戏享有"古南戏活化石"的美誉,历经千年传承。在"中国文化走出去"的今天,梨园戏英译前景广阔,任重道远。在功能翻译理论框架下,译者应根据不同的翻译目的制定相应的翻译策略,尽量体现梨园戏丰富的语言风格、文化内涵和思想底蕴,让更多的国际友人领略到梨园戏的独特魅力,提升我国文化软实力。     

Kefir yeasts enhance probiotic potentials of Lactobacillus paracasei H9: The positive effects of coaggregation between the two strains

This study investigated pure Lactobacillus paracasei H9 tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal juices and adhesion to intestinal mucosa cells without yeasts, with viable yeasts (VY) and with different pretreated yeasts. Three models including gastric secretion tolerance (GST), intestinal juice tolerance (IJT) and sequential gastrointestinal tolerance (SGT) were respectively employed to assay the tolerance of L. paracasei H9, whilst Caco-2 cell line was used to investigate the bacterial adhesion. Particularly, the co-aggregation ability of the two strains at pH values of 2.0, 8.0 and 7.2 was originally carried out to study relations to the bacterial probiotic potentials. Results showed that yeast counts in the range from 3.0 to 5.0 log CFU mL^? 1 could gradually increase the viability of L. paracasei H9 in SGT. The bacterial viability in the three tolerance models and the adherent number to Caco-2 cells were significantly improved with addition of VY (P < 0.05). The L. paracasei H9 with VY in gastric juice at pH 2.0 and intestinal juice at pH 8.0, respectively, exhibited higher aggregation percentage compared with that of single L. paracasei H9 at 37 °C (P < 0.05). The aggregation ability of L. paracasei H9 with VY at pH 7.2, which might contribute to increase the adhesion of the bacteria, also excelled that of L. paracasei H9 (P < 0.05). It is deduced that proteins of the bacterial cell surface and polysaccharides in yeast cell walls play important roles in co-aggregation of the two strains and the microbial adhesion specificity to Caco-2 cells. The co-aggregation of the two strains also contributes to enhancing probiotic potentials of L. paracasei H9.     

冷藏处理方式对大目金枪鱼贮藏品质及内源酶活性的影响

为研究不同冷藏处理方式对大目金枪鱼贮藏品质与内源酶活性的影响,分别研究4℃冷藏、碎冰与流化冰贮藏的大目金枪鱼的理化指标(质构特性、电导率与总挥发性盐基氮)、微生物指标(菌落总数)、ATP关联产物与酶活(腺苷脱氨酶、酸性磷酸酶),并结合低场核磁共振技术共同表征不同冷藏条件对大目金枪鱼综合品质的影响。结果表明:随着贮藏时间的延长,流化冰处理可显著抑制大目金枪鱼肉电导率值、TVB-N值、菌落总数、次黄嘌呤(Hx)含量的升高,其质构值(硬度、弹性、咀嚼性)、三磷酸腺苷及肌苷酸含量降幅较其余两组缓慢。此外,流化冰处理金枪鱼样品的K值、H值、Ki值明显低于另外两组,Fr值呈为平缓地降低趋势。3组样品贮藏后期的酸性磷酸酶和腺苷脱氨酶活性显著增长,其中酸性磷酸酶活性与菌落总数显著相关,流化冰对其有一定抑制作用。通过低场核磁共振分析得出,大目金枪鱼鱼肉中的不可流动水(T22)逐渐向自由水(T23)转化,肌原纤维内水分含量降低,肌肉品质劣化。由此得出,与4℃冷藏组、碎冰处理组样品相比,流化冰处理可通过控制内源酶活性和微生物生长,减缓ATP关联产物的降解与品质劣变,从而达到延缓大目金枪鱼食用品质劣变的目的。     

Preparation and characterisation of octenyl succinate starch as a delivery carrier for bioactive food components

The octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modified corn starch (OSAS) was synthesised with different degrees of substitution (DS) and the influences of three factors namely OSA/starch ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the DS of OSAS were studied by response surface methodology (RSM). As a delivery carrier material, the characteristics of OSAS were investigated. The resistant starch (RS) content of OSAS was increased with increasing DS, indicating the improvement of colon-targeting property. The swelling ratio (SR) of the OSAS in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was higher than that of native starch and its hydrophilicity was decreased with increasing DS. For in vitro release study, the percentage of released bioactive components was less than 7% within the first 8 h and close to 100% over a period of 36 h when the DS was 0.60. These results demonstrate that OSAS can be a potential carrier for colon-targeted delivery of bioactive food components.     

生物质合成气发酵制取燃料乙醇研究进展

随着能源危机的日益严重,开发能够代替化石能源的可再生清洁能源已成为研究热点。燃料乙醇是一种很有应用潜力的替代能源,利用生物质合成气发酵是一种生产燃料乙醇的新技术。文章对该技术的生产工艺优势、生物质气化技术发展现状、生物质合成气发酵生产乙醇微生物、发酵基本过程和代谢机理及产业化进展进行了阐述,并提出了该领域面临的问题和建议。