Antibacterial self-healing anticorrosion coatings from single capsule system

It is highly desirable to develop self-healing anticorrosion coatings with enhanced antibacterial function to prevent the scratched area to be fouled or corroded in harsh environments. Herein, we report antibacterial self-healing anticorrosion coatings via the simple incorporation of the easily synthesized single polymer microcapsule system. Well-defined polymer microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as a healing agent and 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT) as antibacterial molecules were synthesized by one-pot polymerization. The diameter and core fraction were around 30 μm and 90%, respectively. The active DCOIT content in the core material could be precisely controlled by adjusting the DCOIT/IPDI feeding ratio. The DCOIT/IPDI microcapsules-embedded protective coating exhibits an adaptive self-healing anticorrosion property, as shown by electrochemical test under the condition of the salt-water immersion. Furthermore, the self-healing coating showed efficient antibacterial function against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is due to the released active biocide molecules on the damaged surfaces. In contrast to other systems, this single capsule system without any catalyst is perspective for extending the service time of the antibacterial self-healing materials in harsh environment.     

Preparation and characterization of high strength and high modulus PVA fiber via dry-wet spinning with cross-linking of boric acid

To improve the mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, a series of PVA fibers were prepared via dry-wet spinning with cross-linking of boric acid (BA) (PVA/BA fibers), and using the mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and water. Moreover, the final PVA/BA fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetery (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and yarn strength tester. Furthermore, with the increasing of BA content, FTIR analysis showed that the degree of crosslinking of BA with PVA increased. SEM images of final PVA/BA fibers presented smooth surfaces, and the diameters decreased firstly and then increased. DSC, TGA, and XRD analysis indicated that the melting temperatures, thermal properties and crystallinities first increased and then decreased with the increasing of BA content. In addition, mechanical properties measurements illustrated that the cross-linking existed at an optimal BA content of 0.3 wt%, and PVA/BA-0.3 fiber had the highest tensile strength and Young's modulus of 13.1 ± 0.4 and 360.2 ± 10.4 cN/dtex, respectively.     

Enhanced wear resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers by modified-graphite oxide

A simple and feasible method to enhance the wear resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers was reported. The graphite oxide (GO) prepared using improved Hummer's method was surface modified with hexadecylamine to improve its compatibility with UHMWPE. Combined with well-dispersion of modified-GO (m-GO) in dichloromethane and the fact that the viscosity of UHMWPE suspension can be decreased by dichloromethane, the well dispersed m-GO/dichloromethane was added into UHMWPE suspension to improve m-GO dispersion in UHMWPE fibers. Finally, UHMWPE fibers with different m-GO concentration were prepared using gel spinning technology. The effect of m-GO concentration on the structure and properties of modified UHMWPE fibers were investigated. The results indicated that the melting temperature and crystallinity of m-GO modified UHMWPE fibers increased with increasing of m-GO concentration, while the fiber's crystal sizes and orientation increased, thus the tensile strength of m-GO modified UHMWPE fibers remained almost undamaged. The introduction of m-GO is beneficial to the formation of smooth transfer film on fiber's surface, which enhanced the self-lubrication of UHMWPE fibers. Compared with pure UHMWPE fiber, the UHMWPE fiber containing 1.5 wt% m-GO had enhanced wear resistance by 55.4% and still maintained high tensile strength of 29.98 cN dtex⁻¹.     

Fe3O4@TiO2@SiO2@Ag光催化剂的制备及其光催化活性研究

采用溶剂热法和溶胶-凝胶法合成了磁性Fe₃O₄@TiO₂@SiO₂复合光催化剂,再通过巯基改性,使二氧化硅表面原位合成银纳米颗粒,最终形成目标光催化剂。利用XRD、FT-IR、XPS、SEM、VSM等分析测试手段对该催化剂的组成、结构、形貌及其磁学性能进行表征。通过光催化降解40 mL罗丹明B溶液(pH 5.3,30 mg/L),催化剂按1 g/L加入反应体系,光照120 min时,罗丹明B溶液的降解率达96.22%。相同条件重复循环实验10次,罗丹明B溶液降解率仅下降4.32%,表明Fe₃O₄@TiO₂@SiO₂@Ag磁性光催化剂具有出色的光催化活性和循环使用性。     

弱电网下基于锁相控制并网变换器小扰动同步稳定分析

该文对弱电网下基于锁相控制并网变换器的小扰动同步稳定问题进行研究。首先,以机理化揭示并网变换器同步特性为目标,通过将其和传统同步机的同步动态进行类比等效,建立适用于并网变换器同步稳定分析的类Heffron-Phillips动力学模型。进而借鉴传统电力系统低频振荡分析思路,采用复转矩系统法分析思想,将锁相环主导的同步振荡模式阻尼分为两部分:锁相环自身固有阻尼分量和弱电网下复杂控制耦合引入的附加阻尼分量,进而从阻尼特性的角度揭示弱电网下并网变换器同步稳定机理,并从影响固有或附加阻尼分量的角度,研究电网阻抗、控制器参数等因素对小扰动同步稳定性的影响。该文研究结果清晰揭示了弱电网下并网变换器同步失稳机理,并为后续同步稳定控制指明了思路。     

基于暂态波形鉴别的剩余电流保护器校测方法

当前剩余电流保护器校测方法,后期维护效果较差,内部电流流通性较低,导致校测结果的精准性低.据此,基于暂态波形鉴别提出一种新型剩余电流保护器智能校测方法.依据暂态波形指标鉴别原理,连接不同状态下电流保护器的运行功能;构建剩余电流保护器校测指标,确认保证保护器的状态归零后,选取电流输入数值、电压流通数值以及相位值,按动电压操作按键开启内部电压通过量控制模式.设计相位电路内部传输流程,完成断电检测与电路电量采集;检验不同积分操作电流的整体流向后,采用设计的保护校测结构检验不同方案背景下的校测信息,实现内部保护器信息的共享,由此实现整体剩余电流保护器的智能校测.实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效缓解电流保护器后期维护的压力,提升整体校测的精准度,增强校测的稳定性,具有良好的操作性.     

开绕组永磁同步电机混合双矢量模型预测控制

为了抑制共直流母线绕组开路永磁同步电机(OW-PMSM)控制系统中的零序电流并进一步提高电流质量,提出一种混合双矢量模型预测电流控制(MPCC)方法.首先,根据产生零序电压的大小将六个非零电压矢量进行分组;其次,利用参考电压矢量直接选择第一逆变器非零电压矢量与零矢量,并计算零矢量作用时间以实现对零序电流的控制;在此基础上,遴选第二逆变器的两个候选非零电压矢量并计算作用时间,从而实现对dq轴电流的跟踪.该方法中第一逆变器每个控制周期作用一个非零电压矢量与一个零矢量,第二个逆变器每个控制周期作用两个非零电压矢量,从而形成了混合双矢量方法.实验结果表明,提出的混合双矢量MPCC方法能够有效地抑制零序电流的产生,并减小电流脉动,提高了系统的稳态性能.     

废芳纶蜂窝粉末在阻燃天然橡胶胶料中的应用研究

研究废芳纶蜂窝粉末在阻燃天然橡胶(NR)胶料中的应用。结果表明:随着废芳纶蜂窝粉末用量的增大,NR胶料的阻燃性能和拉伸性能呈规律性的变化;当NR/膨胀型阻燃剂WX-P28/废芳纶蜂窝粉末用量比为100/70/5时,NR胶料的阻燃性能和拉伸性能较好。     

高调光频率下的PWM Shunt调光驱动器LED电流振荡抑制方法

为了满足影视照明或摄像摄影等对发光二极管(LED)高品质照明需求,该文基于三开关Buck拓扑,提出高调光频率和宽调光范围下的脉冲宽度调制关断(PWM shunt)型LED驱动器的电流振荡抑制方法.首先,分析寄生参数对LED电流下降沿寄生振荡的影响.其次,为了抑制LED电流寄生振荡以提高系统的输出波形质量和可靠性,提出一种在LED驱动回路中串联二极管的解决方法.最后,搭建1台480W的实验样机,驱动4路9并15串的LED灯珠阵列,其开关频率和调光频率分别达到500kHz和20kHz,不仅有效地抑制了LED方波电流下降沿振荡,而且实现了调光比率从1％到99.99％的平滑输出,验证了所提优化方法的有效性.     

二乙二醇醚马来酸酯钙/锌热稳定剂的制备及应用研究

以马来酸酐和二乙二醇醚为原料在无催化剂条件下制得二乙二醇醚马来酸酯（MD）,此分子结构中具有酯基、醚键及碳碳双键,将此中间产物分别与乙酸钙、乙酸锌反应,制得二乙二醇醚马来酸酯钙/锌盐（MD?Ca/Zn）。通过傅里叶红外测试分析了热稳定剂产物的结构,分子中含有醚键、酯基、碳碳双键、羧酸盐结构,可作为PVC主效热稳定剂。通过刚果红法、热老化法、热失重法、电导率等检测方法,和市售硬脂酸钙/锌进行对比,验证了热稳定效果及性能,分析了热稳定机理,同时探究了与辅助热稳定剂β?二酮（硬脂酰苯甲酰甲烷）的协同作用。结果表明,当MD?Ca/Zn=2∶1（质量比,下同）时,对PVC的热稳定效果最好;初期白度可以达到40 min,静态热稳定时间为35 min;与热稳定剂总质量10 %的β?二酮复配后PVC的热稳定性能还可进一步提升。