Study on esterification of acrylic phenolic resin by maleic anhydride and photocrosslinking properties of the alkali‐soluble product

An alkali‐soluble, photocrosslinkable polymer was synthesized by esterification of OH groups of acrylic phenolic resin with maleic anhydride. The OH groups were formed by the ring‐opening reaction of epoxy groups of epoxy phenolic resin with acrylic acid. The esterification conditions were studied. The results showed that it is better to use tetramethyl ammonium bromide as catalyst than N,N‐dimethylbenzylamine. The conversion of maleic anhydride in acetone can reach about 80% at 56°C for 4 h. The purified product was characterized by IR, DSC, and TGA. The product containing acrylate and maleic acid monoester groups, above a certain content, can be dissolved in 1% Na₂CO₃ solution. The photocrosslinkable properties of the product were investigated through selection of photoinitiator, accelarator, crosslinkable diluent monomer, etc. The acrylate and maleic acid monoester group‐containing phenolic resin exhibited very good photocrosslinking behavior, since it contains double bonds from both acrylate groups and maleic acid monoester groups. The activity of photoinitiator decreases in the order: isopropylthioanthraquinone > benzoin ethyl ether (BE) > anthraquinone (AQ) > benzophenone > Michel ketone (MK) > 2,2‐diethoxyacetophenone. The combination of some photoinitiators showed synergistic effects. The order of increasing activity for the accelerator is as follows: MK > ethyl p‐(dimethylamino)benzoate > N,N‐dimethylaniline > triethanolamine. The optimum diluent monomer is trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate. The gel content of the mixture of the resin and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate could reach 85% using the combined photoinitiators of BE and AQ under UV exposure for 120 s. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1607–1614, 2005     

提高φ5m×11.5m生料磨产量的措施

针对粘土资源枯竭问题,江苏巨龙水泥集团实施了以粉煤灰和硅石代替粘土的技改工程。但改造后因原料的变更,导致入房物料易磨性变差而影响了φ5m×11.5m生料磨的产质量,并进一步影响察系统的运行。因此该厂在工艺分析的基础上,采取了调整钢球级配、用高铬球替代合金刚球、改造选粉机、加强石灰石二破的管理和减少系统是否是“漏风”等技术措施,效果显著。改造后的生料磨台时产量比调整前提高了12t/h,且节电效果显著。     

Modeling the curing kinetics for a modified bismaleimide resin using isothermal DSC

The kinetics of curing for a modified bismaleimide (BMI) resin was investigated to ascertain a suitable cure model for the material. The resin system used in this study was composed of 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BMIM) and 0,0′‐diallyl bisphenol A (DABPA, DABA). The BMIM was the base monomer and the DABPA was the modified agent. A series of isothermal DSC runs provided information about the kinetics of cure in the temperature range 170–220°C. Regardless of the different temperatures, the shape of the conversion curves was similar, and this modified BMI resin system underwent an nth‐order cure reaction. Kinetic parameters of this BMI resin system, including the reaction model, activation energy, and frequency factor, were calculated. From the experimental data, it was found that the cure kinetics of this resin system can be characterized by a first‐order kinetic model. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3338–3342, 2004     

Phase Relations in the System Al2O3–B2O3–Nd2O3

The phase relations at a temperature below "subsolidus" in the system Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–Nd₂O₃ are reported. Specimens were prepared from various compositions of Al₂O₃, B₂O₃, and Nd₂O₃ of purity 99.5%, 99.99%, and 99.9%, respectively, and fired at 1100°C. There are six binary compounds and one ternary compound in this system. The ternary compound, NdAl₃(BO₃)₄ (NAB), has a phase transition at 950°C ± 15°C. The high-temperature form of NAB has a second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of KH₂PO₄ (KDP) of the order of magnitude of the form which has been used as a good self-activated laser material, and the low-temperature form of NAB has no SHG efficiency.     

Surface Modification of Titania Nanoparticles Using Ultrathin Ceramic Films

Surface modification of titania nanoparticles was achieved by coating them with ultrathin alumina films using atomic layer deposition. The coating process was performed in a fluidized bed reactor at low pressure and under mechanical vibration. Films were deposited using self-limiting, sequential surface reactions of trimethylaluminum and water. The composition of alumina-coated particles was verified using infrared spectroscopy. The deposited films had an average growth rate of 0.2 nm/coating cycle and were highly uniform and conformal as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. Deposited alumina films were amorphous as verified through X-ray diffraction and high-resolution electron microscopy. The coating process did not promote particle sintering as validated via particle size and surface area analysis.     

Preparation and properties of T300 carbon fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic polyimide composites

In this study, a series of T300 carbon fiber‐reinforced polyimide (CFRPI) composites were prepared by laminating premolding polyimide (PI) films with unidirectional carbon fiber (CF) layers. On the basis of PI systems design, the effect of CF volume fraction, processing conditions, and PI molecular structure on the properties of CFRPI composites was studied in detail. In addition, two kinds of nano‐particles, including carbon nano‐tube (CNT) and SiO₂ were filled into the premolding PI films with different concentrations. And the effect of nano‐particles on the properties of CFRPI composites was also investigated. The surface characteristic of T300 CF was measured by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The properties of premolding PI film and CFRPI composites were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA), SANS testing machine, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and so forth. These experimental results showed that the properties of CFRPI composites were mainly affected by the premolding PI film and molding condition. The change of CF volume fraction from 55% to 65% took little effect on the mechanical properties of CFRPI composites. In addition, the incorporation of nano‐particle SiO₂ could further improve the properties of CFRPI composites, but CNT hardly improved the properties of CFRPI composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 646–654, 2006     

千年前的求爱诗：震旦之恋·扶桑之情——《关雎》与《天皇御制歌》之比较研究

从主题、内容、形式结构、语言特色、视点、表现手法、诗歌风格等方面比较<关雎>与<天皇御制歌>的异同,探寻产生其异同的原因以及由此给日本文学发展带来的影响.     

化学教学与思想教育的融汇

本文阐述了在化学教学中要进行辩证唯物主义和爱国主义教育,要关注社会问题,要融汇政治思想教育。思想教育融汇在化学教学环节中首先要求我们对学生进行科学素养的培养;思想教育融汇在化学教学环节中要求我们的教学要与工农业生产相结合;思想教育融汇在化学教学环节中还要求我们的教学要与思想道德教育相结合,要与法制教育相结合;思想教育融汇在化学教学环节中还要求我们的教学要与现代教育技术相结合。     

A recognition method of vibration parameter image based on improved immune negative selection algorithm for rotating machinery

To overcome the limitations of traditional monitoring methods, based on vibration parameter image of rotating machinery, this paper presents an abnormality online monitoring method suitable for rotating machinery using the negative selection mechanism of biology immune system. This method uses techniques of biology clone and learning mechanism to improve the negative selection algorithm to generate detectors possessing different monitoring radius, covers the abnormality space effectively, and avoids such problems as the low efficiency of generating detectors, etc. The result of an example applying the presented monitoring method shows that this method can solve the difficulty of obtaining fault samples preferably and extract the turbine state character effectively, it also can detect abnormality by causing various fault of the turbine and obtain the degree of abnormality accurately. The exact monitoring precision of abnormality indicates that this method is feasible and has better on-line quality, accuracy and robustness.     

Robust and Low-Complexity Synchronization for Energy Detection UWB Receiver

A simple method using aided sliding rectangular windows for synchronization in e nergy detector (ED) receiver is proposed for impulse-based ultra wideband radio s (IR-UWB) under binary pulse position modulation (PPM), therefore grants an at tractive solution for gaining low complexity while the accompanying performance loss in terms of UWB signal reception is comparatively low. Also, a method is de veloped to suppress noise through accumulation of integrated results before sync hronization point is reached....