产生M序列的一个递推算法

M序列是一类具有最长周期的非线性移位寄存器序列。本文给出了2元n级M序列的一个新的递推算法,该算法很容易实现,而且只要稍加修饰便可生成大量的M序列。     

Constraining Si Particles within Graphene Foam Monolith: Interfacial Modification for High‐Performance Li+ Storage and Flexible Integrated Configuration

Pulverization of electrode materials and loss of electrical contact have been identified as the major causes for the performance deterioration of alloy anodes in Li‐ion batteries. This study presents the hierarchical arrangement of spatially confining silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) within graphene foam (GF) for alleviating these issues. Through a freeze‐drying method, the highly oriented GF monolith is engineered to fully encapsulate the Si NPs, serving not only as a robust framework with the well‐accessible thoroughfares for electrolyte percolation but also a physical blocking layer to restrain Si from direct exposure to the electrolyte. In return, the pillar effect of Si NPs prevents the graphene sheets from restacking while preserving the highly efficient electron/Li⁺ transport channels. When evaluated as a binder‐free anode, impressive cycle performance is realized in both half‐cell and full‐cell configurations. Operando X‐ray diffraction and in‐house X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the pivotal protection of GF to sheathe the most volume‐expanded lithiated phase (Li₁₅Si₄) at room temperature. Furthermore, a free‐standing composite film is developed through readjusting the pore size in GF/Si monolith and directly integrated with nanocellulose membrane (NCM) separator. Because of the good electrical conductivity and structural integrity of the GF monolith as well as the flexibility of the NCM separator, the as‐developed GF/Si‐NCM electrode showcases the potential use in the flexible electronic devices.     

Study on cognitive DF relaying cooperation with the mutual interference between primary and secondary users over Nakagami‐m fading channels

In this paper, the cognitive relay cooperation (CRC) wireless communication systems are investigated over Nakagami‐m fading channels. The decode‐and‐forward (DF) relay is employed to assist the communications between cognitive source and destination. Especially, to achieve full diversity order, we consider the case in which there is a direct path between cognitive source and destination. Besides the interference at primary users (PUs) created by secondary users (SUs), the interference at SUs created by PUs is also considered. For the interested CRC systems, we first achieve the exact expression for the CDF of the equivalent end‐to‐end signal‐to‐interference ratio (SIR) of CRC systems. Then, with the exact CDF, the exact average symbol error ratio (SER) and outage performance of CRC systems are achieved. The derivation is of significance, by which we can obtain a detailed knowledge about CRC systems. Though a single integral included in the derivation, it can be calculated numerically by employing some mathematical tools such as Matlab. At the same time, to obtain the insight and highlight the effect of system parameters on the considered CRC systems, by using the high SIR approximation, we obtain the asymptotic closed‐form expression of CDF as well as the ones of average SER and outage probability. From the asymptotic results, we can find the main factors that dominate the performance of CRC systems. The presented simulation results for outage probability and average SER show the derivations and simulations are in agreement. Moreover, in high SIR the achieved asymptotic results match well the exact ones. As a result, in high SIR we can employ the asymptotic closed‐form solutions to evaluate the exact performance of CRC systems. This can reduce greatly the implementation complexity. Besides this, the simulations also show that the diversity order is dominated by the fading severities of the secondary systems, i.e. the diversity order be proportional to the summation of the minimum fading severity between the two hops and that of the direct link. In contrast, the parameters of the primary systems only affect the coding gain, not the diversity gain. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive Threshold Detection and Estimation of Linear Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Signals Based on Periodic Fractional Fourier Transform

The fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) has been used to detect and estimate the parameters of linear frequency-modulated continuous-wave (LFMCW) in low probability of intercept radar waveforms. The FRFT, which is optimal for single linear frequency-modulated (LFM) signals, becomes sub-optimal when applied to LFMCW signals because the observed waveform of this type of signal is composed of concatenated LFM pulses. A new signal processing method, called the periodic FRFT (PFRFT), is proposed for the detection of LFMCW signals. First, the discrete PFRFT is studied and the signal processing gain of this transform for LFMCW signals is analyzed. Second, an adaptive threshold detection and estimation algorithm for LFMCW signals is formulated after analysis of the test statistics of the squared modulus of LFMCW signals when using the probability density function in the presence of Gaussian white noise. It is then proved that PFRFT-based estimation is equivalent to maximum likelihood estimation in the detection and estimation of LFMCW signals. Finally, the results of both the theoretical analysis and verification simulations show that the PFRFT significantly outperforms the FRFT for LFMCW signals.     

An Improved-Linearity,Single-Stage Variable-Gain Amplifier Using Current Squarer for Wider Gain Range

A novel single-stage variable-gain amplifier (VGA) based on transconductance \(g_{m}\)-ratio amplifier is analyzed and designed with wider linear-in-dB gain range and improved linearity. The variable-gain amplifier proposed here consists of an exponential control block, a current squarer and an amplifier block with both input and load degeneration. With the help of current squarer which gets square function of the output current from exponential control block, the VGA achieves the maximum linear gain range in single stage. Current squarer is proposed, which is designed with compensation technique to minimize the second-order effect caused by carrier mobility reduction in short channel MOSFET. To avoid the poor linearity performance of the \(g_{{m}}\)-ratio amplifiers, the distortion is analyzed and the linearity is improved by applying input and load degenerating technique. At the same power consumption, the input 1 dB compression point can be improved by nearly 8.78 dB. Simulation results show that the VGA can provide a gain variation range of 64.09 dB (from \(-35.59\) to 28.5 dB) with a 3-dB bandwidth from 47 to 640 MHz. The circuit consumes the maximum power 3.5 mW from a 1.8-V supply.     

Transfer Problem in a Cloud-based Public Vehicle System with Sustainable Discomfort

The increasing population in urban areas gives rise to a huge traffic pressure. A cloud-based industrial system, public vehicle (PV) system, is promising to mitigate the traffic congestion in smart cities, where passengers can share PVs and transfer among them with scheduling decisions made by the cloud. This paper studies the transfer problem in the PV system due to that transfer can improve the whole traffic efficiency with sacrificing a little comfort with the corporation of all the PVs. The transfer problem is NP-Complete through our analysis. Our work can be separated into three steps. First, we introduce several factors to guarantee the comfort of passengers during transfer. Second, we propose two algorithms through the graph-based scheduling problem aiming at reducing the travel distance of all the PVs with service guarantee. Third, simulations based on the Shanghai (China) urban road network show that, the total travel distance of PVs is reduced under the quality of service for passengers, and the traffic efficiency is improved.     

产生2元de Bruijn序列的一个新算法

２元ｎ级ｄｅＢｒｕｉｊｎ序列是由ｎ级移位寄存器产生的周期为２ｎ的移位寄存器序列，给出了２元ｄｅＢｒｕｉｊｎ序列的一个新的生成算法，该算法能生成２ｓ·ｇ（ｎ，ｓ）个ｎ级如ｄｅ　Ｂｒｕｉｊｉｎ序列，其中，０≤ｓ≤２（ｎ－７）／３；当 ２ｌ－１＜ｓ≤２Ｌ时，ｇ（ｎ，ｓ）＝ｎ－３Ｌ－６－［（ｎ－２Ｌ－６）／（Ｌ＋１）］。     

适用于稀疏信道的MVA算法

主要介绍了一种适用于稀疏信道的复杂度可大大降低的Viterbi均衡算法。在本算法中,计算的复杂度并不依赖于信道冲激响应的长度,而是依赖于信道冲激响应中非零系数的数目。仿真结果表明,在稀疏信道下,此算法具有良好的性能,它不仅适用于最小相位系统,也适用于非最小相位系统。     

GPRS中的一种下行功率控制算法及其改进

通用分组无线业务GPRS是覆盖于GSM移动通信网之上的分组交换数据网络。提出了一种基于载干比C/I的下行功率控制算法。在此基础上,根据载干比C/I与误码率BER的函数关系,提出一种基于误码率的下行功率控制算法。最后,通过使用基于MLD平台设计的仿真软件,分析比较了这两种算法对系统性能的改善。