关于台风防御的调研与思考——广东省台风防御调查分析

通过对广东省台风防御调研,分析了台风及其灾害特点,从防御台风指挥体系、责任体系、预案体系、工程体系、预报体系以及应急抢险体系等方面总结了应对台风的主要做法,从台风防御设施体系、监测预报手段、群众风险意识、基层水利服务体系等方面探析了存在的薄弱环节,提出了相关建议。     

Classifying algorithms for SIFT-MS technology and medical diagnosis

Selected Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is an analytical technique for real-time quantification of trace gases in air or breath samples. SIFT-MS system thus offers unique potential for early, rapid detection of disease states. Identification of volatile organic compound (VOC) masses that contribute strongly towards a successful classification clearly highlights potential new biomarkers. A method utilising kernel density estimates is thus presented for classifying unknown samples. It is validated in a simple known case and a clinical setting before-after dialysis. The simple case with nitrogen in Tedlar bags returned a 100% success rate, as expected. The clinical proof-of-concept with seven tests on one patient had an ROC curve area of 0.89. These results validate the method presented and illustrate the emerging clinical potential of this technology.     

基于力控的智能型低压断路器控制器自动检测系统设计

针对智能型低压断路器控制器手工检测现状,设计了一种基于力控技术的自动检测系统,介绍了系统的结构、硬件和软件的实现。实际生产过程表明,该系统性能优良,提高了控制器检测的效率。     

MFM and gas adsorption isotherm analysis of proton beam irradiated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

To enhance the gas adsorption properties and modify the physical properties of carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were irradiated by high-energy proton beams, and the physical properties including morphology and local surface structure were investigated by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), magnetic force microscope (MFM) and a gas adsorption isotherm apparatus which can deeply probe the fine structure of surface. Interestingly, clearer MFM images were obtained from the proton irradiated samples which supports that carbon exhibits magnetism under proton bombardments, although the intrinsic magnetic property is not understood. The layering properties of argon on MWCNTs were measured from 59 to 69 K and the interaction of argon on the surface was analyzed. The calculated values of isosteric heat of adsorption demonstrated that higher interaction of gas molecules with surface is found from the proton irradiated MWCNTs. This result strongly supports that the local surface modification, partial defects, for example, were created due to the external high energy impacts. Our results are worthy to note that gas adsorption technique can provide the fine atomic resolution which beyond the one of TEM and MFM.     

Transport of the dicyanogold(i) anion

We have shown that dicyanogold(I), [Au(CN)(2)](-) is a common metabolite found in blood and urine samples of patients treated with different gold based drugs. Some patients have high levels of gold within their red blood cells (RBCs). Size exclusion and C18 reversed phase chromatography show that the majority of the gold in RBC lysates is bound to protein, but small molecules such as dicyanogold(I) and gold-glutathione complexes are also present. Dicyanogold incubation with red blood cells in vitro leads to a rapid and complete uptake of gold. This uptake is unaffected by DIDS, an inhibitor of the anion channel, but is blocked by the addition of external cyanide. Dicyanogold is also readily taken up by H9 cells, a continuous CD(4+) cell line. This uptake is significantly inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide, suggesting a requirement for sulfhydryl groups. Dicyanogold inhibits the replication of the AIDS virus, HIV, in a cell culture model.     

Photon counting with passively quenched germanium avalanche

We demonstrate photon counting in germanium avalanche photodiodes biased beyond breakdown and quenched with a simple series resistance circuit. The devices show moderate (> 7%) quantum efficiency with limited afterpulsing and dark counts and subnanosecond jitter.     

我国石油天然气管材再制造发展战略研究

管材作为石油天然气勘探、开采、运输的重要材料,由于腐蚀、磨损、结垢造成的管材失效,而被大量废弃,在油田堆积如山,造成了巨大的资源浪费和环境污染。本文分析石油天然气废旧管材的处理现状及存在的问题,利用先进的再制造技术对管材再制造的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益进行了论证,提出自主创新的石油天然气管材再制造产业模式及发展建议,为我国石油天然气行业降本增效和节能减排目标的实现提供新理念、新技术,为促进石油天然气行业循环经济的建设提供决策建议。     

中国海洋工程科技2035发展战略研究

提高海洋资源开发能力,发展海洋经济,保护海洋生态环境,坚决维护国家海洋权益,建设海洋强国是我国重要的长期发展战略目标。从全球视野和经略海洋能力来看,我国尚处于探索和开发海洋的初步阶段,需要将海洋资源探查、工程开发利用、环境保护和国家权益维护作为有机整体,开展海洋强国建设的顶层设计。本研究通过一系列海洋跨学科交叉和集成的技术预见分析,研判我国海洋领域的重要技术方向。从海洋环境立体观测技术与装备、海底资源勘查与开发、海洋生物资源勘查与开发、海水和海洋能资源综合利用、海洋环境安全保障及海洋开发装备6个关键领域,提出了面向2035的我国海洋工程科技的愿景、发展重点、发展战略及发展途径。     

推进绿色制造 建设生态文明——中国绿色制造战略研究

我国正处于制造大国迈向制造强国的重要历史阶段,在绿色发展理念的指导下,如何推进制造业与生态环境的协调发展,促进工业文明与生态文明和谐共生,是当前亟待解决的现实问题。绿色制造是制造强国建设的必有之意,是生产方式转变的重要着力点,更是绿色发展的重要组成部分,涵盖了低碳发展和循环发展的全部内容。本文在明晰绿色制造与生态文明建设关系的基础上,深入阐述了绿色制造的科学内涵、目标和评价体系,基于我国绿色制造已取得的成绩和现实发展困境,提出了推进我国绿色制造的战略方向,最后从顶层设计、队伍建设、创新体系、服务平台、体制机制及国际合作等方面给出了政策建议。