纳米碳管与活性炭复合电极电吸附脱盐性能的研究

为考察纳米碳管（CNTs）、活性炭（AC）及其复合电极的电吸附脱盐性能，将其粉末压制成电极，组装成脱盐器，比较电极电吸附脱盐能力和脱盐能耗。结果表明，在活性炭电极中添加纳米碳管有效地降低了电极电阻和脱盐能耗，少量纳米碳管的添加能在一定程度上提高其电极比表面积、孔容以及在盐水中的比电容；当复合电极中纳米碳管的含量为10％时，其电极在盐水中的电吸附比电容达到113.5F/g，其电极脱盐效果最为显著，其脱盐耗能比活性炭电极降低约67％左右。     

特定手性单壁碳纳米管的可控生长

单壁碳纳米管具有优异的电学、光学、热学、力学等性能,可能成为未来纳米器件的支撑材料之一。实现碳纳米管的结构可控生长制备依然面临着严峻的挑战。其中手性控制是单壁碳纳米管可控制备的最大挑战,它的实现标志着直径、壁数、手性角及导电属性等的可控制备。以特定手性单壁碳纳米管的可控生长为中心,分别综述了利用化学气相沉积法在粉体生长与表面生长两方面实现手性可控生长的研究进展,并在此基础上总结出基本思路,为实现单一手性碳纳米管的可控制备奠定基础。     

氧化锌压敏电阻片侧面绝缘性能研究综述

目前,国外的抗大电流冲击绝缘涂层主要为无机侧面釉,而国内此种涂层主要为有机绝缘涂层,在耐大电流冲击性能方面,国外无机产品明显优于国内有机侧面绝缘涂层．综述了国内外近10年来避雷器阀片侧面抗大电流冲击绝缘涂层的研究进展。     

不同工艺对活性炭电吸附脱盐性能的影响

以活性炭为电极材料是利用电吸附脱盐的重点.以热解法制备了活性炭,采用酸处理及二次活化处理活性炭,并将二次活化的活性炭利用不同的工艺制成电极.研究表明:二次活化法能够使活性炭获得更高的比表面积和更大的孔容,热压和炭化结合的工艺使活性炭电极有着高的比表面积和高的孔容,适合用于苦咸水脱盐.因此,活性炭具有脱盐效果好,脱附时间短,脱盐率达到90%,是一种优良的脱盐电极材料.     

微波烧结氧化锌压敏陶瓷的研究进展

综述了近年来微波烧结在氧化锌压敏陶瓷中的研究进展:可提高氧化锌压敏陶瓷加热速率,降低烧结温度,改善材料的显微结构及性能,提高瓷体密度,达到高效节能的目的。但压敏电阻组分较多,微波快速烧结时,组分通过扩散和迁移在微观上均匀分布较难,可能对电性能有一定影响。结合目前国内外微波烧结氧化锌压敏陶瓷的发展现状,指出今后在压敏陶瓷微波烧结中可以采用纳米技术。     

Preparation and CO conversion activity of ceria nanotubes by carbon nanotubes templating method

Ceria nanotubes with high CO conversion activity by means of carbon nanotubes as removable templates in the simple liquid phase process were fabricated under moderate conditions. The pristine CNTs were first pretreated by refluxing in a 30% nitric acid solution at 140 ℃ for 24 h, then dispersed in an ethanolic Ce（NO3）3.6H2O solution with ultrasonic radiation at room temperature for 1 h. Under vigorous stirring, NaOH solution was added drop by drop into the above ethanolic solution until the pH value was 10. The product was collected and repeatedly washed with ethanol and on drying at 60 ℃, the CeO2/CNT composites were obtained. Then, the as-prepared composites were heated at 450 ℃ in an air atmosphere for 30 min to remove CNTs. The ceria nanotubes were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction （XRD）, Transmission Electron Microscopy （TEM）, and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectrum （XPS）. The results showed that the ceria nanotubes were polycrystalline face-centered cubic phase and were composed of lots of dense cefia nanoparficles. The diameter of cefia nanotubes was about 40-50 nm. Catalytic activity of the product for CO oxidation was carded out at the region of 30-300 ℃ in a U-shaped quartz reactor with feeding about 0.15 g of the catalyst, which was loaded on Al2O3 carder. The inlet gas composition was 1.0% CO and 28% O2 with N2 as balance, and the rate of flow was kept at 40 ml/min. The catalytic products were analyzed by gas chromatography. The as-repared CeO2 nanotubes showed higher CO oxidation activity, which indicated that the morphology of ceria products affected the catalytic performance. The ceria nanotubes supported on Al2O3 demonstrated that conversion temperature for CO oxidation to CO2 was lower than that for bulk catalysts.