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41.
Influence of preparation method on the catalytic properties of acid-activated tetramethylammonium-exchanged clays 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Alexander Moronta Victor Ferrer Jorlens Quero Geomar Arteaga Eduardo Choren 《Applied Catalysis A: General》2002,230(1-2):127-135
Two montmorillonites STx-1 (Texas) and SWy-2 (Wyoming) were first activated with different amounts of 12 M HCl and then exchanged with a fixed amount of 1 M tetramethylammonium (TMA+) chloride solution (H/TMA samples) at room temperature. TMA+-exchanged samples and then acid activated (TMA/H samples) were also prepared to evaluate the resistance to displacement of TMA+ by protons. The surface area and the acidity were determined by BET and cyclohexylamine adsorption methods, respectively. The catalytic activity of these acid activated organoclays was directly measured using the isomerization of 1-butene at 300 °C to yield cis- and trans-2-butene. The total conversion for the isomerization of 1-butene was higher for the TMA/H-samples (70 and 47% for SWy-2 and STx-1, respectively) than for the H/TMA-samples (51 and 25% for SWy-2 and STx-1, respectively). TMA+ cations adsorbed on the clays were extremely resistant to exchange by protons, but protons were easily displaced by TMA+ cations. 相似文献
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43.
Blanco-Metzler A Tovar J Fernández-Piedra M 《Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición》2004,54(3):322-327
Tropical roots and tubers (TRT) are important staple foods in the tropics. TRT are produced by small farmers and have received only limited attention. The objective of this paper was to evaluate nutritionally important carbohydrate fractions and proximal composition of cooked cassava (Manihot esculenta), cocoyam- or tannia- (Xantosoma sp) and yam (Dioscorea alata) grown in Costa Rica. Twenty boiled samples of each TRT were analyzed for proximal composition, following AOAC protocols. Carbohydrate fractions (dietary fiber, available and resistant starch) and alpha-amylolysis rate were assessed by enzymatic methods. All TRT analyzed consisted mainly of water and carbohydrates, representing moderate dietary fiber and energy sources. They show a low protein level and contain no fat. Moisture, protein, ashes and dietary fiber contents vary significantly (p<0.01) among the three species. In terms of their proximal composition, these locally grown TRT differ from TRTs cultivated in the South Pacific area, but appear similar to other Latin American varieties. In all samples most of the dietary fiber (84-88%) is insoluble; available starch ranges between 74 and 84% of the dry matter, whereas resistant starch content varied between 0.7 and 1.7%. Amylolysis rate was similar for cassava and cocoyam, whereas a significantly slower digestion (p<0.01) was recorded for yam. Compared to values reported in the literature for other starchy foods and to gelatinized potato starch, used as reference sample, the studied TRT showed intermediate amylolysis rates. It is concluded that consumption of these TRT may be promoted in Costa Rica and other countries with a similar nutritional situation. 相似文献
44.
Adriana Barsanescu Rodica Buhaceanu Viorica Dulman I. Bunia Violeta Neagu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,93(2):803-808
Adsorption of Zn(II) ions from diluted aqueous solutions by the acrylic copolymer based on ethylacrylate : acrylonitrile : divinylbenzene matrix with different crosslinking degrees and ethylenediamine and triethylenetetramine functional groups was investigated. Adsorption experiments were carried out by batch method. The effects of the pH, initial concentration of zinc, time of contact, and the crosslinking degree of the copolymers were studied. On the basis of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, the parameters that characterize the adsorption were determined. The maximum Zn(II) retention capacity value (500 mg g?1) was obtained for the acrylic copolymer with 2% crosslinking degree and ethylenediamine, as functional groups. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 803–808, 2004 相似文献
45.
Rodolfo Daniel Velasco-Barraza Ricardo Vera-Graziano Eduardo Alberto López-Maldonado Mercedes Teresita Oropeza-Guzmán Syed G. Dastager Adriana Álvarez-Andrade 《国际聚合物材料杂志》2018,67(13):800-807
In recent times, electrospun nanofibers have been widely studied from several biotechnological approaches; in this work, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) solutions mixed with chitosan and alginate were electrospun and characterized to determine the behavior of these fibers when used in combination with bacteria, different samples were incubated with the bacterial strains: Streptomyces spp., Micromonospora spp., and Escherichia coli and a OD600 test was performed. The formation of nanofibers via electrospinning and the physicochemical properties of the obtained fibers were evaluated. Results showed that the presence of chitosan enhanced the thermal stability of PAA, since PAA/alginate fibers lost 5% of their mass at 41°C, whereas PAA/chitosan lost this amount at around 125°C. The fibers demonstrated suitable characteristics to be used as a bacteria bioreactor. 相似文献
46.
Ma Soledad Crdova‐Aguilar Adriana Snchez Leobardo Serrano‐Carren Enrique Galindo 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2001,76(11):1101-1106
The production of γ‐decalactone by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum involves four phases (oil–water–air–mycelium) and its dispersion is crucial during fermentation. Oil and biomass (when present) dispersion, as a function of the volumetric power drawn (P/V), was characterized, in two; three‐ and four‐phase systems agitated with Rushton turbines. Trichoderma harzianum mycelium was used as the solid phase in the four‐phase system. Two stages of the fermentation were simulated: the beginning (15% oil and 1.4 kgm?3 of mycelium) and the end (2% oil and 10.6 kg m?3 of mycelium). In the two‐phase system, the use of exhausted broth achieved higher oil dispersions at low P/V values as compared with distilled water. Aeration decreased the oil dispersion for the high‐oil system, but enhanced oil dispersion for the low‐oil system. Compared with the P/V used in the actual fermentation (0.2 kW m?3), a high segregation of the system was observed for the high‐oil/low‐biomass system, due to the difficulty of mixing the thick oil–air emulsion present at the top of the tank. The system simulating the end of the fermentation reached almost complete homogeneity of oil and biomass, a phenomenon due to the high biomass/oil ratio and the biomass acting as an oil carrier. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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48.
Filippo Lococo Massimiliano Paci Cristian Rapicetta Teresa Rossi Valentina Sancisi Luca Braglia Silvio Cavuto Alessandra Bisagni Italia Bongarzone Douglas M. Noonan Adriana Albini Sally Maramotti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(8):19612-19630
Assessment of biological diagnostic factors providing clinically-relevant information to guide physician decision-making are still needed for diseases with poor outcomes, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a promising molecule in the clinical management of NSCLC. While the EGFR transmembrane form has been extensively investigated in large clinical trials, the soluble, circulating EGFR isoform (sEGFR), which may have a potential clinical use, has rarely been considered. This study investigates the use of sEGFR as a potential diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC and also characterizes the biological function of sEGFR to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in the course of action of this protein. Plasma sEGFR levels from a heterogeneous cohort of 37 non-advanced NSCLC patients and 54 healthy subjects were analyzed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The biological function of sEGFR was analyzed in vitro using NSCLC cell lines, investigating effects on cell proliferation and migration. We found that plasma sEGFR was significantly decreased in the NSCLC patient group as compared to the control group (median value: 48.6 vs. 55.6 ng/mL respectively; p = 0.0002). Moreover, we demonstrated that sEGFR inhibits growth and migration of NSCLC cells in vitro through molecular mechanisms that included perturbation of EGF/EGFR cell signaling and holoreceptor internalization. These data show that sEGFR is a potential circulating biomarker with a physiological protective role, providing a first approach to the functional role of the soluble isoform of EGFR. However, the impact of these data on daily clinical practice needs to be further investigated in larger prospective studies. 相似文献
49.
Mixture design applied for the development of films based on starch,polyvinyl alcohol,and glycerol 下载免费PDF全文
Juliano Zanela Juliana Bonametti Olivato Adriana Passos Dias Maria Victória Eiras Grossmann Fabio Yamashita 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2015,132(43)
Starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are biodegradable materials with potentiality to replace the conventional polymers in some applications. The aim of this work was to produce biodegradable films of PVA, cassava starch, and glycerol by thermoplastic extrusion using a mixture design to evaluate the effects of each component in the blend properties. Six formulations were prepared using a twin‐screw extruder coupled with a calender. All the materials were visually homogeneous and presented good processability. Mechanical properties were dependent on both the relative humidity conditioning and the formulation; higher relative humidities detracted the mechanical properties, which was associated to plasticizer effect of the water. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were better when higher concentrations of PVA were used, resulting in films with lower opacity, lower water vapor permeability, and higher thermal stability, according to TGA. Biodegradable materials based on starch, PVA, and glycerol have adequate mechanical and processing properties for commercial production. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42697. 相似文献
50.
The effect of macadamia oil intake on muscular inflammation and oxidative profile kinetics after exhaustive exercise 下载免费PDF全文