Tuning the band gap of the CIGS solar buffer layer Cd1-xZnxS (x=0—1) to achieve high efficiency

To evaluate the impact of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) concentration on the structural properties of the films, Cd1-xZnxS thin films were formed on glass substrates using chemical bath deposition (CBD) in this study. The effect of ZnSO4 precursor concentration on the surface morphology, optical properties, and morphological structure of the Cd1-xZnxS films was investigated. To study the impact of zinc doping content on the performance metrics of Cu(In1-xGax)Se2 (CIGS) cells in the experimental group and to improve the buffer layer thickness, simulations were run using one-dimensional solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) software.     

Aperture-Adjustable and Repairable Metal-Based MOFs Catalysis Membrane for Water Purification

Precise adjustment of the pore size, damage repair, and efficient cleaning is all challenges for the wider application of inorganic membranes. This study reports a simple strategy of combining dry-wet spinning and electrosynthesis to fabricate stainless-steel metal–organic framework composite membranes characterized by customizable pore sizes, targeted reparability, and high catalytic activity for membrane cleaning. The membrane pore size can be precisely customized in the range of 14–212 nm at nanoscale, and damaged membranes can be repaired by targeted treatment in 120 s. In addition, advanced oxidation processes can be used to quickly clean the membrane and achieve 98% flux recovery. The synergistic actions of the membrane matrix and the selective layer increase the adsorption energy of active sites to oxidant, shorten the electron transfer cycle, and enhance the overall catalytic performance. This study can provide a new direction for the development of advanced membranes for water purification and high-efficiency membrane cleaning methods.     

SAdaBoundNc: an adaptive subgradient online learning algorithm with logarithmic regret bounds

Neural Computing and Applications - Adaptive (sub)gradient methods have received wide applications such as the training of deep networks. The square-root regret bounds are achieved in convex...     

A Plug-and-Play,Scalable Control Method for AC Island Microgrid

Wireless Personal Communications - In this paper, a scalable, plug-and-play (PnP) and system-stable synthesis control method is proposed for the AC island microgrid consisting of a distributed...     

一种新型单层递归神经网络解决非光滑伪凸优化问题

非光滑伪凸优化问题是一类比较特殊的非凸优化问题,常出现在各类科学与工程应用中,因此具有很大的研究价值.针对现有神经网络模型解决非光滑伪凸优化问题存在的不足,该文基于微分包含理论,提出一种新型单层递归神经网络模型.通过理论分析,证明了神经网络状态解在有限时间内收敛到可行域,且永驻其中,最终神经网络状态解收敛于原优化问题的最优解.最后,通过数值实验,验证了所提理论的有效性.与现有的神经网络相比,该文所提神经网络模型结构简单仅为单层,不需要提前计算罚参数,且对初始点选取没有任何特殊的要求.     

Decomposed-distance weighted optimal transport for unsupervised domain adaptation

Applied Intelligence - Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) aims to transfer knowledge from a label-rich source domain to an unlabeled target domain with a different but related distribution....     

Dynamic response of Kevlar®29/epoxy laminates under projectile impact-experimental investigation

This authors of this article investigated the dynamic response of woven Kevlar®29/epoxy laminates subjected to the impact loading. The cylindrical aluminum foam projectile and steel projectile were used to exert the impulse on the laminates. Deformation/failure modes, deflections, strain histories, and failure mechanisms were obtained and discussed. The results showed that with the high toughness of Kevlar fiber, the deformation modes of the laminates exhibited some characteristics similar to the metal panel, such as large global deformation. The failure mechanisms like matrix failure, fiber splitting, and fibrillation were observed. These micron failures led to the macroscopic delamination and fracture of the laminates.     

60°镜面光泽测量值不确定度的评定

本文采用光泽度仪对漆膜的60°镜面光泽进行了测量,对产生测量不确定度的因素进行了分析,并对其A类和B类不确定度进行了分别评定,最终获得其测量结果的扩展不确定度。     

A Two‐Stage Annealing Strategy for Crystallization Control of CH3NH3PbI3 Films toward Highly Reproducible Perovskite Solar Cells

The solvent‐engineering method is widely used to fabricate top‐performing perovskite solar cells, which, however, usually exhibit inferior reproducibility. Herein, a two‐stage annealing (TSA) strategy is demonstrated for processing of perovskite films, namely, annealing the intermediate phase at 60 °C for the first stage then at 100 °C for the second stage. Compared to conventional direct annealing temperature (DHA) at 100 °C, using this strategy, MAPbI₃ films become more controllable, leading to superior film uniformity and device reproducibility with the champion device efficiency reaching 19.8%. More specifically, the coefficient of variation of efficiency for 49 cells is reduced to 5.9%, compared to 9.8% for that using DHA. The TSA process is carefully studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. It is found that in comparison with DHA the formation of hydrogen bonding and crystallization of perovskite are much slower and can be better controlled when using TSA. The improvements in film uniformity and device reproducibility are attributed to: 1) controllable MAPbI₃ crystal growth stemming from the progressive formation of hydrogen bonding between methylammonium and halide; 2) suppression of intermediate phase film dewetting, which is believed to be due to its decreased mobility at the initial low‐temperature annealing stage.     

In-situ synthesis of TiO2 nanostructures on Ti foil for enhanced and stable photocatalytic performance

TiO_2 nanostructures with strong interfacial adhesion and diverse morphologies have been in-situ grown on Ti foil substrate through a multiple-step method based on conventional plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO) technology, hydrothermal reaction and ion exchange process. The PEO process is critical to the formation of TiO_2 seeding layer for the nucleation of Na_2Ti_3O_7 and H_2Ti_3O_7 mediates that are strongly attached to the Ti foil. An ion exchange reaction can finally lead to the formation of H_2Ti_3O_7 nanostructures with diverse morphologies and the calcination process can turn the H_2Ti_3O_7 nanostructures into TiO_2 nanostructures with enhanced crystallinity. The morphology of the TiO_2 nanostructures including nanoparticles(NP), nanowhiskers(NWK), nanowires(NW) and nanosheets(NS) can be easily tailored by controlling the NaOH concentration and reaction time during hydrothermal process. The morphology, composition and optical properties of TiO_2 photocatalysts were analyzed using scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy and UV–vis absorption spectrum. Photocatalytic tests indicate that the TiO_2 nanosheets calcined at 500?C show good crystallization and the best capability of decomposing organic pollutants. The decoration of Ag cocatalyst can further improve the photocatalytic performance of the TiO_2 nanosheets as a result of the enhanced charger separation efficiency. Cyclic photocatalytic test using TiO_2 nanostructures grown on Ti foil substrate demonstrates the superior stability in the photodegradation of organic pollutant, suggesting the promising potential of in-situ growth technology for industrial application.