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81.
Machine Translation - Self-attention-based encoder-decoder frameworks have drawn increasing attention in recent years. The self-attention mechanism generates contextual representations by attending... 相似文献
82.
Jinyang Li Eunkyoung Kim Kelsey M. Gray Christina Conrad Chen‐Yu Tsao Sally P. Wang Guanghui Zong Giuliano Scarcelli Kimberly M. Stroka Lai‐Xi Wang William E. Bentley Gregory F. Payne 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(30)
Biology uses diffusible oxidants to perform functions that range from signaling to matrix assembly, and these oxidation chemistries offer surprising selectivities. Here, it is reported that mediated electrochemistry can access the richness of such oxidation chemistries. Specifically, electrode‐imposed voltage inputs are used to locally generate oxidized mediators that can diffuse into polymer solutions and induce the formation of covalent bonds for the deposition and functionalization of hydrogels at the electrode surface. Depending on the mediator's redox potential (E0), it is possible to “gate” the voltage inputs to target specific residues (e.g., thiols or amines) and oxidation chemistries. Further, mediators of varying E0 offer different reactivities and thus allow control of reaction‐diffusion rates to modulate the hydrogel's crosslink density and mechanical properties. Importantly, this mediated oxidation can be performed under physiologically relevant conditions to preserve labile biological functionalities (e.g., cell viability and protein function). Finally, it is demonstrated that protein fusion tags can be engineered to have “targetable” amino acid residues that enable protein function to be oxidatively conjugated to electrodeposited hydrogels. In summary, mediated electrochemistry can engage orthogonal oxidation chemistries to create functionalized matrices and thus mediated electrochemistry should add important capabilities to the electrofabrication toolbox. 相似文献
83.
Big data analytics and business analytics are a disruptive technology and innovative solution for enterprise development. However, what is the relationship between business analytics, big data analytics, and enterprise information systems (EIS)? How can business analytics enhance the development of EIS? How can analytics be incorporated into EIS? These are still big issues. This article addresses these three issues by proposing ontology of business analytics, presenting an analytics service-oriented architecture (ASOA) and applying ASOA to EIS, where our surveyed data analysis showed that the proposed ASOA is viable for developing EIS. This article then examines incorporation of business analytics into EIS through proposing a model for business analytics service-based EIS, or ASEIS for short. The proposed approach in this article might facilitate the research and development of EIS, business analytics, big data analytics, and business intelligence. 相似文献
84.
Sally McClean Bryan Scotney Timothy Patterson Philip Morrow Gerard Parr 《International Journal of Software and Informatics》2012,6(3):381-398
Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have the potential to significantly improve current working practices for a variety of applications including aerial surveillance and search-and-rescue. However before UAVs can be widely integrated into civilian airspace there are a number of technical challenges which must be overcome including provision of an autonomous method of landing which would be executed in the event of an emergency. A fundamental component of autonomous landing is safe landing zone detection of which terrain classification is a major constituent. Presented in this paper is an extension of the Multi-Modal Expectation Maximization algorithm which combines data in the form of multiple images of the same scene, with knowledge in the form of historic training data and Ordnance Survey map information to compute updated class parameters. These updated parameters are subsequently used to classify the terrain of an area based on the pixel data contained within the images. An image''s contribution to the classification of an area is then apportioned according to its coverage of that area. Preliminary results are presented based on aerial imagery of the Antrim Plateau region in Northern Ireland which indicates potential in the approach used. 相似文献
85.
Tripalmitin–Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Emulsion Droplet Liquid vs. Solid State Impacts in vitro Digestive Lipolysis
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![点击此处可从《Journal of the American Oil Chemists](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Questions remain as to the impact of lipid structure, including crystallinity, on digestibility and metabolic response. This study was undertaken to determine the impact of triacylglycerol crystallinity on digestibility using undercooled (liquid emulsion, LE) and crystalline (solid emulsion, SE) particles exposed to an in vitro model simulating upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) digestive conditions. By hot microfluidization, 10 wt% tripalmitin oil‐in‐water emulsions (D3,2 ~ 0.115 nm) with 0.9 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were prepared. SE demonstrated complex melting behavior, was predominantly in the beta polymorph, and consisted of a heterogeneous mixture of anisometric particles. In vitro duodenal lipolysis was more extensive for the spherically shaped LE droplets vs. SE (P < 0.05), despite the fact that exposure to simulated gastric conditions (at pH 2, but not at pH 7) induced partial crystallization. Therefore, lipid droplet physical state impacted and was impacted by exposure to gastrointestinal conditions, with differences observed in fatty acid digestive release and implications for lipid absorption. 相似文献
86.
Kelly DJ Crawford A Dickinson SC Sims TJ Mundy J Hollander AP Prendergast PJ Hatton PV 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》2007,18(2):273-281
The aim of this study was to determine whether or not biochemical markers can be used as surrogate measures for the mechanical
quality of tissue engineered cartilage. The biochemical composition of tissue engineered cartilage constructs were altered
by varying either (i) the initial cell seeding density of the scaffold (seeding density protocol) or (ii) the length of time
the engineered tissue was cultured (culture period protocol). The aggregate or Young’s moduli of the constructs were measured
(by confined or unconfined compression respectively), and compared with the composition of the extracellular matrix by quantitative
measurement of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG), hydroxyproline, collagen I and collagen II and collagen cross-links. The aggregate
modulus correlated positively with both GAG and collagen II content, but not with collagen I content. Young’s modulus correlated
positively with GAG, collagen II and collagen I content, and the ratio of mature to immature cross-links. There was no significant
correlation of Young’s Modulus with total collagen measured as hydroxyproline content. These results suggested that hydroxyproline
determination may be an unreliable indicator of mechanical quality of tissue engineered cartilage, and that a measure of collagen
II and GAG content is required to predict the biomechanical quality of tissue engineered cartilage. 相似文献
87.
88.
Samah M S El‐Shafei Sally S Sakr Nagwa H I Abou‐Soliman 《International Journal of Dairy Technology》2020,73(1):126-133
This study investigated the impact of supplementing goats' milk with quinoa extracts, in the range of 5, 10 and 15 g/100 g on the milk fermentation. The properties of yoghurt produced from this milk, which include viscosity, microstructure and sensory acceptability, were assessed. The supplementation of goats' milk with quinoa extracts, particularly permeate extract, reduced the fermentation time and enhanced the viability of lactic acid bacteria. Supplementation of yoghurt with increased levels of quinoa extracts increased the apparent viscosity and changed the yoghurt protein matrix. Panellists highly accepted the yoghurt that contained quinoa permeate extract. 相似文献
89.
Distributed databases allow us to integrate data from different sources which have not previously been combined. In this article, we are concerned with the situation where the data sources are held in a distributed database. Integration of the data is then accomplished using the Dempster–Shafer representation of evidence. The weighted sum operator is developed and this operator is shown to provide an appropriate mechanism for the integration of such data. This representation is particularly suited to statistical samples which may include missing values and be held at different levels of aggregation. Missing values are incorporated into the representation to provide lower and upper probabilities for propositions of interest. The weighted sum operator facilitates combination of samples with different classification schemes. Such a capability is particularly useful for knowledge discovery when we are searching for rules within the concept hierarchy, defined in terms of probabilities or associations. By integrating information from different sources, we may thus be able to induce new rules or strengthen rules which have already been obtained. We develop a framework for describing such rules and show how we may then integrate rules at a high level without having to resort to the raw data, a useful facility for knowledge discovery where efficiency is of the essence. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
90.
Sally Prüschenk Michael Majer Rainer Schreiber Jens Schlossmann 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(24)
The inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-associated 2 (IRAG2) is also known as Jaw1 or lymphoid-restricted membrane protein (LRMP) and shares homology with the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-associated cGMP kinase substrate 1 (IRAG1). IRAG1 interacts with inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3 receptors /IP3R) via its coiled-coil domain and modulates Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Due to the homology of IRAG1 and IRAG2, especially in its coiled-coil domain, it is possible that IRAG2 has similar interaction partners like IRAG1 and that IRAG2 also modulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling. In our study, we localized IRAG2 in pancreatic acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas, and we investigated the interaction of IRAG2 with IP3 receptors and its impact on intracellular Ca2+ signaling and exocrine pancreatic function, like amylase secretion. We detected the interaction of IRAG2 with different subtypes of IP3R and altered Ca2+ release in pancreatic acinar cells from mice lacking IRAG2. IRAG2 deficiency decreased basal levels of intracellular Ca2+, suggesting that IRAG2 leads to activation of IP3R under unstimulated basal conditions. Moreover, we observed that loss of IRAG2 impacts the secretion of amylase. Our data, therefore, suggest that IRAG2 modulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling, which regulates exocrine pancreatic function. 相似文献