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排序方式: 共有309条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Hydrothermal pretreatment on raw corn stover (RCS) with a loop reactor was investigated at 195 °C for different times varying between 10 min and 30 min. After pretreatment, the slurry was separated into water-insoluble solid (WIS) and liquid phase. Glucan and xylan were found in the both phases. The pretreatment condition showed a significant impact on xylan recovery. As the pretreatment time prolonged from 10 min to 30 min, the xylan recovery from liquid phase changed between 39.5% and 45.6% and the total xylan recoveries decreased from 84.7% to 61.6%. While the glucan recovery seemed not sensitive to the different pretreatment times. The glucan recovered from liquid was from 4.9% to 5.6% and the total glucan recoveries from all the pretreatments were higher than 98%. Besides HMF and furfural, acetic, lactic, formic and glycolic acids were also found in the liquid phase. All the concentrations of these potential inhibitors were lower enough not to affect the activity of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae). Compared with the ethanol production of 32.4% from the RCS with S. cerevisiae, all the WISs gave higher ethanol productions ranging between 61.2% and 71.2%. When the xylan was taken into consideration, the best pretreatment condition would be 195 °C, 15 min and the estimated total ethanol production was 201 g kg?1 RCS by assuming the fermentation of both C-6 and C-5 with the ethanol yield of 0.51 g g?1 and 0.47 g g?1, respectively. 相似文献
63.
Rey D. Vargas‐Sánchez Gastón R. Torrescano‐Urrutia Evelia Acedo‐Félix Elizabeth Carvajal‐Millán Aarón F. González‐Córdova Belinda Vallejo‐Galland María J. Torres‐Llanez Armida Sánchez‐Escalante 《Journal of food science》2014,79(8):C1499-C1504
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of propolis extract (PE) to reduce lipid oxidation and microbial growth on beef patties during refrigerated storage. Beef patties were manufactured by incorporating PE in 4 different treatments: (1) Control (no PE addition); (2) commercial propolis 1 (2% w/w; CP1); (3) commercial propolis 2 (2% w/w; CP2); and (4) noncommercial propolis (2% w/w; NCP). Raw patties were wrapped with polyvinyl chloride and stored at 2 °C for 8 d. Total phenolic content (TPC), free‐radical scavenging activity (FRS), and polyphenolic content of the PE were evaluated using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (CnDs), metmyoglobin (MetMb%), pH variation, and color (L*, a*, b*, C*, and h*), and microbial growth (mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria) of patty samples were measured. NCP treatment demonstrated the highest FRS (64.8% at 100 μg/mL), which correlated with TPC and the presence of polyphenolic compounds. Lipid oxidation (78.54%, TBARS; 45.53%, CnD; 58.57%, MetMb) and microbial mesophilic and psychrotrophic growth (19.75 and 27.03%, respectively) values were reduced by NCP treatment in refrigerated samples after 8 d. These results indicate that PE has great potential as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial additive to extend the shelf life of beef patties. 相似文献
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D. H. Barkhuff S. P. Wells T. Averett D. H. Beck E. J. Beise D. Cheever G. Dodson S. Kowalski R. D. McKeown B. A. Mueller M. Pitt D. Spayde C. Tschalaer A. Zolfaghari 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2000,450(2-3):187-193
We report the development and implementation of an energy feedback system for the MIT/Bates Linear Accelerator Center. General requirements of the system are described, as are the specific requirements, features, and components of the system unique to its implementation at the Bates laboratory. We demonstrate that with the system in operation, energy fluctuations correlated with the 60 Hz line voltage and with drifts of thermal origin are reduced by an order of magnitude. 相似文献
66.
Low density suburban development and excessive use of automobiles are associated with serious urban and environmental problems. Master planned development suggests itself as a possible palliative for these ills. This study examines the patterns and dynamics of movement in a selection of master planned estates in Australia with the aim of developing new approaches for assessing the containment of travel within planned development. A geographical information systems methodology is used to determine regional journey-to-work patterns and travel containment rates. Factors that influence self-containment patterns are estimated with a regression model. The findings of the pilot study demonstrate that the proposed model is a useful starting point for a systematic and detailed analysis of self-containment in master planned estates. 相似文献
67.
Budson Andrew E.; Dodson Chad S.; Daffner Kirk R.; Schacter Daniel L. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,19(2):253
The distinctiveness heuristic is a response mode in which participants expect to remember vivid details of an experience and make recognition decisions on the basis of this metacognitive expectation. The authors examined whether the distinctiveness heuristic could be engaged to reduce false recognition in a repetition-lag paradigm in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Patients with AD were able to use the distinctiveness heuristic--though not selectively--and thus they showed reduction of both true and false recognition. The authors suggest that patients with AD can engage in decision strategies on the basis of the metacognitive expectation associated with use of the distinctiveness heuristic, but the patients' episodic memory impairment limits both the scope and effectiveness of such strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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C. E. Dodson V. I. Lakshmanan 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》1998,50(7):29-31
Gas-solid Torbed reactors have been developed for processing a wide range of materials. The reactors have facilitated several
novel recycling projects in countries where they are used. One of the major advantages of these reactors when applied to the
recycling industries is the compactness of the plant and its inherent ability to be scaled down and fully automated to better
match the volume requirements of this sector.
Authors’ Note: Torbed is a registered trademark of Torftech Ltd.
V.I. Lakshmanan earned his Ph.D. in chemistry at Bombay University, India, in 1968. He is currently program director of process technologies
with Ortech Corporation.
C.E. Dodson earned his diploma in mechanical engineering at Polytechnic of the South Bank, London, in 1968. He is currently president
of Torftech Ltd. Mr. Dodson is a member of TMS. 相似文献