Objective specification of tritanopic confusion lines using visual evoked potentials

The minimum distinct border (MDB) between different isoluminant hues of a bipartite field was set subjectively by adjustment and then according to a 3-point rating allowing determination of the S-cone specific (tritanopic) axis. This rating was compared with visual evoked potentials (VEPs) generated by coarse, isoluminant gratings, modulated along the same chromatic axes. Psychophysically determined tritanopic gratings elicited monophasic onset VEPs with the longest latency for each subject. Departure from this axis produced additional earlier negative components (reflecting additional response mechanisms). Colour-selective VEPs can, therefore, objectively specify tritanopic confusion lines with a comparable degree of accuracy to MDB judgements.     

Why does monitoring fail in jargon aphasia? comprehension, judgment, and therapy evidence

Many people with jargon aphasia seem unaware of their speech disorder. The first section of this paper reports data from four subjects which indicate that self-monitoring can fail even when subjects' input skills are apparently adequate to detect their errors. Explanations for this dissociation have attributed monitoring failure to a deficit in auditory feedback, or to a resource limitation which prevents concurrent speaking and monitoring. Section 2 reports a series of naming and judging experiments with one of the subjects which rule out these explanations. These show that the subject can detect his neologisms when he is repeating, but not when he is naming. These results suggest that his monitoring difficulties arise when he is accessing phonology from semantics. Section 3 presents a study which supports this inference, since it shows that semantically focused intervention yields improvements in self-monitoring. It is concluded (1) that monitoring failure can arise from deficits within the production process which preclude comparison of actual with intended output, and (2) that this deficit is best explained within a connectionist model in which monitoring is performed by feedback mechanisms in the word production process.     

Developmentally regulated extinction of Ly-49 receptor expression permits maturation and selection of NK1.1+ T cells

Clonally distributed inhibitory receptors negatively regulate natural killer (NK) cell function via specific interactions with allelic forms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. In the mouse, the Ly-49 family of inhibitory receptors is found not only on NK cells but also on a minor (NK1.1+) T cell subset. Using Ly-49 transgenic mice, we show here that the development of NK1.1+ T cells, in contrast to NK or conventional T cells, is impaired when their Ly-49 receptors engage self-MHC class I molecules. Impaired NK1.1+ T cell development in transgenic mice is associated with a failure to select the appropriate CD1-reactive T cell receptor repertoire. In normal mice, NK1.1+ T cell maturation is accompanied by extinction of Ly-49 receptor expression. Collectively, our data imply that developmentally regulated extinction of inhibitory MHC-specific receptors is required for normal NK1.1+ T cell maturation and selection.     

THE GEOLOGY OF THE AREA BETWEEN WADI WARDAN AND WADI GHARANDAL, EAST CLYSMIC RIFT, SINAI, EGYPT

The area between Wadi Wardan and Wadi Gharandal lies within the rift of the Gulf of Suez, the Clysmic rift, and is part of an elongated zone of outcropping Miocene deposits which show considerable persistence in a NNW to SSE direction, but which undergo frequent and rapid facies changes from W to E. The rocks are folded into a series of asymmetrical anticlinal flexures and synclines, sometimes faulted, whose axes trend NNW to SSE. They prove to be drape structures overlying pre-Miocene blocks which are generally tilted. Block faulting began during Oligocene times and persisted through Miocene into the post-Miocene period. The blocks dip westwards, towards the centre of the rift, and are generally bounded by antithetic faults. The structures described in this paper are typical for the whole region of the Clysmic rift. There are no beds of Oligocene age and no igneous rocks, either of extrusive or of intrusive origin, occur in association with Miocene or later deposits.
The area has proved to be important economically. Three oilfields have been discovered there–Sudr (which lies some kilometres N of Wadi Wardan) in 1946, Ras Metarma in 1948, and Asl in 1949. In each case, the reservoir rock is found near the base of the Miocene or in Eocene limestone at or near the top of a Wdipping block of pre-Miocene strata. Marls and gypsum or anhydrite deposits invariably form the capping rock.     

A CMOS threshold voltage reference source for very-low-voltage applications

This paper describes a CMOS voltage reference that makes use of weak inversion CMOS transistors and linear resistors, without the need for bipolar transistors. Its operation is analogous to the bandgap reference voltage, but the reference voltage is based on the threshold voltage of an nMOS transistor. The circuit implemented using 0.35 μm n-well CMOS TSMC process generates a reference of 741 mV under just 390 nW for a power supply of only 950 mV. The circuit presented a variation of 39 ppm/°C (after individual resistor trimming) for the −20 to +80 °C temperature range, and produced a line regulation of 25 mV/V for a power supply of up to 3 V.     

Critical Assessment 9: Wrought magnesium alloys

This assessment is focussed on wrought magnesium alloys for lightweight applications, particularly in the transport sector. The challenges to their wider use are summarised, including poor low temperature formability, corrosion issues, dissimilar metal joining, and limited precipitation strengthening. The fundamental origins of these challenges, and current research to address them, are highlighted. Key developments such as the use of dilute rare earth additions to manipulate texture for improved formability are discussed. Opportunities to exploit the unique properties of wrought magnesium alloys where further research is required are identified.     

Strategy for a Scale‐up Correlation in a Dissolved Air Flotation Chamber

Beginning with a laboratory‐scale physical model, a scale‐up correlation for a pilot unit project was determined based on the analysis of dynamic similarity correlations involving the predominant phenomena of a dissolved air flotation (DAF) chamber. The implantation costs of pilot units require special strategies due to the lack of correlations of this type, as novel flotation methods have been considered strictly from an economic standpoint. With the aid of computational fluid dynamics and videos of microbubble and floc flow, inertia and gravity were identified as the predominant phenomena in a DAF chamber. The strategy described herein is simple and reduces the likelihood of future risks in scale‐up investments.     

Correction to: Simple and efficient pose-based gait recognition method for challenging environments

Pattern Analysis and Applications - In the original publication of the article, the Acknowledgements section was missed unfortunately. The correct Acknowledgements section is given in this correction.     

Microbiological,physical and chemical characteristics of freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in modified‐atmosphere packaging

This study evaluated the influence of packaging atmosphere (air versus 50% N₂/50% CO₂) on microbiological (mesophiles, psychrotrophs), physical (gas measurement) and chemical (pH, total volatile basic nitrogen [TVB‐N], NH₃, H₂S and biogenic amines) parameters in freshwater prawns during storage at 0 ± 1 °C for 240 h. To select the most appropriate packaging, 21 batches of each treatment were analysed. Both the packaging permeability and the combination of gases affected the shelf life, but the modified‐atmosphere packaging (MAP) was more efficient than air packaging, increasing the shelf life by 40 h. The parameters of pH and TVB‐N showed no statistical difference between the two atmosphere conditions all along the storage period. The biogenic amine agmatine showed potential for use as a quality indicator due to the increased concentration during storage. In further studies, this amine can be applied as an indicator for public health issue.